【摘要】：閱讀是我們在日常的學(xué)習(xí)、生活中所必須的一項(xiàng)技能,它與我們的生活息息相關(guān),通過眼動(dòng)的方法來探究人們在閱讀時(shí)的認(rèn)知過程,已成為當(dāng)前認(rèn)知心理學(xué)的熱點(diǎn)研究問題。本文以散文、新聞、詩歌和文言文為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,采用眼動(dòng)隨動(dòng)顯示技術(shù),從詞匯、短語、句子三個(gè)層次對(duì)漢語閱讀中的眼動(dòng)認(rèn)知方式加以研究,通過對(duì)原始眼動(dòng)信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理、統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,借助閱讀參數(shù)、注視參數(shù)、眼跳參數(shù)等重要眼動(dòng)參數(shù)來探索閱讀時(shí)的語言加工機(jī)制。 本文論述了有關(guān)漢語閱讀眼動(dòng)的研究現(xiàn)狀,概括了閱讀中的幾種眼動(dòng)模式,闡述了本文的研究理論基礎(chǔ)和方法,詳細(xì)介紹了有關(guān)眼動(dòng)隨動(dòng)顯示技術(shù)的原理、研究方法、實(shí)驗(yàn)流程、在語言研究中獲得的成果和有關(guān)本文研究的具體實(shí)驗(yàn)方案設(shè)計(jì)。 本文在第三章中重點(diǎn)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)材料進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,從詞頻和筆畫數(shù)對(duì)詞語認(rèn)知加工的影響、關(guān)鍵詞在篇章閱讀中的眼動(dòng)特征、主題句在篇章閱讀中的眼動(dòng)特征三個(gè)層面對(duì)四種文體閱讀的眼動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,得出了以下結(jié)論： (1)在現(xiàn)代文體閱讀中,材料的詞頻效應(yīng)顯著,筆畫數(shù)效應(yīng)不顯著；在古代文體閱讀中,材料的詞頻效應(yīng)不顯著,筆畫數(shù)效應(yīng)相對(duì)較顯著。 (2)在關(guān)鍵詞短語的閱讀中,無論是現(xiàn)代文體還是古代文體,對(duì)于謂詞性短語的注意都要高于名詞性短語,表現(xiàn)為注視次數(shù)多,注視點(diǎn)持續(xù)時(shí)間長,眼跳次數(shù)多,眼跳時(shí)間長,眼跳距離短。 (3)在篇章關(guān)鍵句的閱讀中,現(xiàn)代文體閱讀時(shí),關(guān)鍵句、文章的首句和末句相比文中的其他句子的眼動(dòng)信號(hào),表現(xiàn)為較大的差異；而在古代文體閱讀時(shí),這種差異并不十分明顯。 (4)通過對(duì)古代文體和現(xiàn)代文體閱讀的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然同為漢語,但由于語法和語義的變化,在眼動(dòng)參數(shù)上表現(xiàn)為明顯的不同,使被試的閱讀認(rèn)知過程也產(chǎn)生了差異,說明閱讀材料的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和意義的表達(dá)與讀者的閱讀習(xí)慣是否相似,是影響閱讀的一個(gè)重要因素。 (5)通過對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的歸納和總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)眼動(dòng)信號(hào)參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系有：眼跳距離和注視次數(shù)之間呈反比,眼跳距離和眼跳時(shí)間之間呈反比,注視次數(shù)和注視點(diǎn)持續(xù)時(shí)間之間呈正比。
[Abstract]:Reading is a necessary skill in our daily study and life. It is closely related to our daily life. It has become a hot research issue in cognitive psychology to explore the cognitive process of reading through the method of eye movement. In this paper, using prose, news, poetry and classical Chinese as experimental materials, eye movement display technology is used to study the cognitive mode of eye movement in Chinese reading from the three levels of vocabulary, phrase and sentence, and the original eye movement signal is processed. Through statistics and analysis, some important eye movement parameters, such as reading parameters, gaze parameters and eye movement parameters, are used to explore the mechanism of language processing in reading. This paper discusses the research status of eye movement in Chinese reading, summarizes several kinds of eye movement patterns in reading, expounds the theoretical basis and methods of this paper, and introduces in detail the principle and research methods of eye movement following display technology. The experiment flow, the results obtained in the language research and the specific experimental scheme design of this paper. In the third chapter, the experimental materials are analyzed in detail, including the influence of word frequency and stroke number on the cognitive processing of words, the eye movement characteristics of keywords in text reading. In this paper, three levels of eye movement characteristics of topic sentences in text reading are analyzed and analyzed. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) in modern stylistic reading, the word frequency effect of materials is significant; The number effect of stroke is not significant; in ancient stylistic reading, the word frequency effect of material is not significant, and the number effect of stroke is relatively significant. (2) in the reading of key phrase, whether it is modern style or ancient style, The attention of predicate phrase is higher than that of nominal phrase, which is shown by more fixation, longer fixation point, more time of eye jump, longer time of saccade and shorter distance. (3) in the reading of key sentences, When reading in modern style, the key sentences, the first sentence of the article and the last sentence have different eye movement signals compared with the other sentences in the text, but in the ancient style of reading, The difference is not very obvious. (4) by comparing the ancient style with the modern style, we find that although the same language is Chinese, the eye movement parameters are obviously different because of the changes of grammar and semantics. The reading cognitive process of the subjects is also different, which shows whether the grammatical structure and meaning of the reading materials are similar to the readers' reading habits. It is an important factor that affects reading. (5) by summarizing the experimental data, we find that the relationship between the parameters of eye movement signal is: the distance of eye movement is inversely proportional to the number of fixation, and the distance of eye jump is inversely proportional to the time of saccade. The number of fixation is proportional to the duration of fixation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H0-05

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