【摘要】：“可X了”是口語常用結(jié)構(gòu)之一，借鑒構(gòu)式語法理論，我們稱其為構(gòu)式。本文在對其構(gòu)式構(gòu)件、主觀量和主觀性進(jìn)行考察的基礎(chǔ)之上，分析該構(gòu)式的形成與構(gòu)式義的整合。本文包括緒論、主體和結(jié)論三部分。 緒論部分界定了本文的研究對象：“可X了”構(gòu)式，介紹了本文研究目的和研究意義，簡述了相關(guān)的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，明確了本文研究的重點是“可X了”構(gòu)式的構(gòu)式義和該構(gòu)式主觀性、主觀量。 主體部分包括第二章至第五章。第二章從詞典對“可X了”構(gòu)式的解釋切入，對該構(gòu)式進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的描寫。本章介紹了構(gòu)式“可X了”，并對構(gòu)式的構(gòu)件進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描寫，分析了“可”、“了”的性質(zhì)和功能，對可以進(jìn)入構(gòu)式的成分做了描寫分析，分析了它們性狀義隱含的量性特征，最后描寫了構(gòu)式的句法功能。 第三章運(yùn)用構(gòu)式理論，對“可X了”構(gòu)式的形成以及構(gòu)式義的整合進(jìn)行了研究，其構(gòu)式義是各個構(gòu)件互相整合的結(jié)果，語氣副詞“可”的強(qiáng)語勢遷移，使“X”的量性達(dá)到高量級，“X”的程度義又感染“可”，使整個構(gòu)式具有主觀評述性程度高量級的意義；分析了其他“可+A”的意義，指出它們跟本文構(gòu)式的差異；最后總結(jié)了“可X了”構(gòu)式的話語功能：元語增量功能和焦點凸顯功能。 第四章對“可X了”構(gòu)式的主觀性和主觀量進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)描寫和解釋。首先分析了構(gòu)式“可X了”主觀性的表現(xiàn)，文章主要從說話人的情感、說話人的視角、說話人的認(rèn)識三個方面分析構(gòu)式的主觀性；此外分析了其主觀性和主觀量的表現(xiàn)形式。“可X了”構(gòu)式，作為表示一個主觀大量的結(jié)構(gòu)，不僅表現(xiàn)主觀評價的客觀量級，還顯示了主觀評價自身的量級。 第五章選擇了“很X”“怪X（的）”和“太X（了）”三個表程度的結(jié)構(gòu)作為比較對象，分別從其句法語義、主觀性和主觀量三個方面做出了比較，對這四個表程度結(jié)構(gòu)的主觀性做出了排序，“可X了”主觀性最強(qiáng)，，其次是“太X（了）”，再次是“怪X（的）”，“很X”的主觀性最弱，客觀性最強(qiáng)。主觀量方面，“很”客觀程度高量，“怪”主觀異狀量，“太”表示主觀程度高量或者主觀過量，“可X了”是主觀高量。 第六章總結(jié)全文，做出結(jié)論�！翱蒟了”是一個表達(dá)主觀程度高量級的構(gòu)式。本文的研究不僅對“可”詞性的爭議有幫助，對教學(xué)也有一定的裨益；此外指出了本文的不足以及有待解決的問題；最后探討了構(gòu)式的教學(xué)對策，提出了幾點建議。
[Abstract]:"can X" is one of the commonly used structures in spoken English. We call it "construction" by referring to the theory of construction grammar. Based on the investigation of the construction component, subjective quantity and subjectivity, this paper analyzes the formation of the construction and the integration of the construction meaning. This article includes the introduction, the main body and the conclusion three parts. The introduction defines the object of this paper: "can X" structure, introduces the purpose and significance of this study, and briefly describes the current research situation at home and abroad. It is clear that the emphasis of this paper is on the construction meaning and subjective quantity of the construction of "can X" construction. The main part includes the second to fifth chapters. In the second chapter, the construction of "can X" is described in detail from the explanation of the dictionary. This chapter introduces the construction "can X", and describes the components of the construction in detail, analyzes the nature and function of "can" and "has", and makes a descriptive analysis of the elements that can enter the construction. The quantitative features of their meanings are analyzed, and the syntactic functions of the constructions are described. The third chapter studies the formation and integration of the construction of "can X" by using the theory of construction. Its construction meaning is the result of the integration of each component, and the strong potential transfer of the modal adverb "can". It makes the quantity of "X" reach the high order of magnitude, and the degree of "X" affects "can", which makes the whole construction have the significance of subjective comment and high order of magnitude, analyzes the meaning of other "can A", and points out the difference between them and the construction in this paper. Finally, this paper summarizes the discourse function of "can X" construction: meta-increment function and focus-highlighting function. Chapter four describes and explains in detail the subjectivity and subjective quantity of the construction of "can X". Firstly, this paper analyzes the subjectivity of the construction "can X", mainly analyzes the subjectivity of the construction from three aspects: the emotion of the speaker, the perspective of the speaker and the cognition of the speaker, in addition, it analyzes the forms of subjectivity and subjective quantity. As a large number of subjective structures, the construction of "can X" not only shows the objective order of subjective evaluation, but also shows the order of magnitude of subjective evaluation itself. The fifth chapter chooses "very X", "strange X" and "Tai X" as the comparison objects, and compares them from three aspects of syntax and semantics, subjectivity and subjective quantity, respectively. The subjective structure of the four tables is ranked. The subjectivity of "can X" is the strongest, followed by "too X", again "strange X", "very X" is the weakest subjectivity and the most objective. In terms of subjective quantity, "very" objective degree is high, "strange" subjective abnormal quantity, "too" means high subjective degree or subjective excess, "X" is subjective high quantity. Chapter six summarizes the full text and draws a conclusion. "can X" is a high degree of subjective expression of the construction. The research in this paper is not only helpful to the controversy of "can" part of speech, but also beneficial to teaching; in addition, it points out the shortcomings of this paper and the problems to be solved. Finally, it discusses the teaching countermeasures of construction and puts forward some suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陸儉明;;構(gòu)式與意象圖式[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2009年03期

2 王曉丹;從語言的“主觀性”和“主觀化”透視語言研究的三個主要方面[J];本溪冶金高等�？茖W(xué)校學(xué)報;2004年01期

3 劉勛寧;現(xiàn)代漢語句尾“了”的來源[J];方言;1985年02期

4 袁平;;構(gòu)式語法理論探析[J];廣西青年干部學(xué)院學(xué)報;2009年05期

5 馬真;普通話里的程度副詞“很、挺、怪、老”[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1991年02期

6 金立鑫;現(xiàn)代漢語"了"研究中"語義第一動力"的局限[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);1999年05期

7 張黎;界變"論——關(guān)于現(xiàn)代漢語"了"及其相關(guān)現(xiàn)象[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2003年01期

8 姚占龍;也談能受程度副詞修飾的“有+名”結(jié)構(gòu)[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2004年04期

9 邵敬敏;;論“太”修飾形容詞的動態(tài)變化現(xiàn)象[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2007年01期

10 張黎;;漢語句法的主觀結(jié)構(gòu)和主觀量度[J];漢語學(xué)習(xí);2007年02期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 解正明;基于社會認(rèn)知的漢語有標(biāo)記構(gòu)式研究[D];北京語言大學(xué);2007年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 牛然明;現(xiàn)代漢語“程度副詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)式語法研究[D];曲阜師范大學(xué);2009年

本文編號：2239313