【摘要】：在語(yǔ)言這個(gè)符號(hào)系統(tǒng)中，俗語(yǔ)是一種以極少的文字反映極多信息的語(yǔ)言形式，言簡(jiǎn)意賅是它的優(yōu)勢(shì)。俗語(yǔ)是通俗并廣泛流行的定型語(yǔ)句，大多數(shù)是由勞動(dòng)人民所創(chuàng)造，涉及到生活的各方面，反映了人民生活中的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和愿望。在越南語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的俗語(yǔ)當(dāng)中，，動(dòng)物形象承載了深厚的文化內(nèi)涵而且出現(xiàn)頻繁。動(dòng)物是人類自然界中最親切最熟知的朋友，因此以其與人類特有的關(guān)系用到俗語(yǔ)中，不僅僅單純地指代客觀存在的動(dòng)物，而且以達(dá)到借物喻事，借物喻人，借物警人，借物諷刺的效果。由于兩國(guó)不同的地理環(huán)境、文化背景、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等因素所制，對(duì)動(dòng)物賦予了既相似又相異的感受、聯(lián)想和文化內(nèi)涵，因而兩國(guó)民族總結(jié)出來的動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)的概念意義和比喻意義之間以及動(dòng)物形象的隱喻方式既有重合又有沖突。語(yǔ)義差異反映出民族各自的文化形態(tài)和特色，也同時(shí)導(dǎo)致越南學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)時(shí)容易受到母語(yǔ)的影響而產(chǎn)生了偏誤。 本文選取漢語(yǔ)與越南語(yǔ)中有關(guān)動(dòng)物的俗語(yǔ)為研究對(duì)象，運(yùn)用句法學(xué)理論，詞匯學(xué)理論，語(yǔ)義學(xué)理論，隱喻理論，對(duì)比語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論，文化語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論，中介語(yǔ)及偏誤分析理論，以問卷調(diào)查以及定量考查和定性分析相結(jié)合作為主要研究方法，對(duì)漢越動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)進(jìn)行對(duì)比與分析。全文共分七部分，首先對(duì)前人對(duì)漢語(yǔ)和越語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)研究狀況進(jìn)行綜述，簡(jiǎn)單地?cái)⑹鰞蓢?guó)研究者，學(xué)習(xí)者已發(fā)表跟俗語(yǔ)研究有關(guān)的論文和文章。其次是對(duì)漢語(yǔ)和越南語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)概述情況包括俗語(yǔ)的定義、來源、性質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)義這五個(gè)方面進(jìn)行總結(jié)與敘述。第三，討論漢越動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)的基本情況和漢越俗語(yǔ)中動(dòng)物形象的象征意義。第四，探討了漢越動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)意對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系與隱喻認(rèn)知對(duì)比。第五，主要從自然環(huán)境、生活方式、信仰觀念三方面對(duì)漢越動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)反映的社會(huì)文化背景進(jìn)行比較，分析中越兩國(guó)人民對(duì)動(dòng)物的不同情感態(tài)度，探討漢越動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)的文化內(nèi)涵。第六部分是通過調(diào)查問卷收集越南學(xué)習(xí)者在理解和使用漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)物俗語(yǔ)中所產(chǎn)生的偏誤進(jìn)行分類和舉例分析，歸納出偏誤的特征，分析所造成偏誤的各種原因。根據(jù)越南學(xué)習(xí)者漢語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)情況的調(diào)查結(jié)果指出漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)與學(xué)習(xí)中所存在的問題，從而，提出對(duì)越南學(xué)習(xí)者漢語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)與漢語(yǔ)俗語(yǔ)教學(xué)的對(duì)策和建議。第七部分結(jié)語(yǔ)，對(duì)本文研究進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:In the symbolic system of language, colloquialism is a kind of language form which reflects a great deal of information with very few words. Colloquialism is a popular and popular stereotype, most of which are created by the working people and relate to all aspects of life, reflecting the experience and desire of the people in life. In Vietnamese and Chinese idioms, animal images bear profound cultural connotations and appear frequently. Animals are the kindest and most familiar friends in human nature. Therefore, because of their unique relationship with human beings, they are used in the common saying, not only to refer to the objective existence of animals, but also to reach the purpose of referring to things by means of things, to people by means of things, The sarcastic effect of borrowing. As a result of the different geographical environment, cultural background, customs and habits of the two countries, the animals are given both similar and different feelings, associations and cultural connotations. Therefore, the conceptual and metaphorical meanings of the animal idioms summed up by the two peoples and the metaphorical ways of the animal images overlap and conflict. Semantic differences reflect the cultural patterns and characteristics of each nation, and at the same time make Vietnamese students prone to the influence of their mother tongue when learning Chinese animal sayings. In this paper, the animal idioms in Chinese and Vietnamese are chosen as the object of study, using syntactic theory, lexicology theory, semantics theory, metaphor theory, contrastive linguistics theory, cultural linguistics theory, interlanguage and error analysis theory. Taking questionnaire survey, quantitative examination and qualitative analysis as the main research methods, this paper contrasts and analyzes the Chinese and Vietnamese animal idioms. The full text is divided into seven parts. Firstly, it summarizes the previous researches on Chinese and Vietnamese colloquial language, and briefly describes the researchers and learners of the two countries who have published papers and articles related to the study of colloquial expressions. Secondly, it summarizes and narrates the definition, source, nature, structure and semantics of Chinese and Vietnamese colloquial. Third, discuss the basic situation of Han-Yue animal saying and the symbolic meaning of animal image in Han-Yue saying. Fourthly, the comparison between semantic correspondence and metaphorical cognition of Chinese and Vietnamese animal idioms is discussed. Fifthly, it compares the social and cultural background reflected by the Chinese and Vietnamese animal sayings from the three aspects of natural environment, life style and belief concept, analyzes the different emotional attitudes of the Chinese and Vietnamese people towards animals, and probes into the cultural connotations of the Chinese and Vietnamese animal sayings. In the sixth part, Vietnamese learners' errors in understanding and using Chinese animal sayings are classified and analyzed by questionnaire, and the characteristics of errors are summarized and the causes of errors are analyzed. According to the investigation results of Vietnamese learners' Chinese colloquial learning, the problems in Chinese teaching and learning are pointed out, and the countermeasures and suggestions for Vietnamese learners' Chinese colloquial learning and Chinese colloquial teaching are put forward. The seventh part of the conclusion, this paper is a brief summary of the study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H44

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