【摘要】：觸覺是由外界刺激物接觸皮膚表面而引起的感覺,是接觸、滑動、壓覺等機械刺激的總稱。觸覺形容詞是指表達(dá)此類觸覺性狀和觸覺感受的詞。英漢語中都有數(shù)量龐大、使用范圍廣泛的觸覺形容詞。本文以‘'cold"、"hot"、"soft"、"hard"等四個英語觸覺形容詞和與這些英語觸覺形容詞相對應(yīng)的“冷”、“熱”、“軟”、“硬”等四個漢語觸覺形容詞為研究對象,對其詞典所列義項分別進行語義成分分析,探討各個義項之間的聯(lián)系；并在此基礎(chǔ)上,對英漢觸覺形容詞進行語義對比分析,找出兩種語言中觸覺形容詞共有的詞匯語義及特有的詞匯語義,并試圖對其進行解釋說明。最后再在此基礎(chǔ)上梳理其詞義衍生過程,歸納總結(jié)其詞義衍生特點。 從對‘'cold/冷、hot/熱、sof/軟、hard/硬”英漢四組基本觸覺形容詞的語義對比結(jié)果來看,主要可以得到兩方面的結(jié)論：一方面,基于人類共同的生理機制、感知器官和相同的經(jīng)驗體驗,英漢四組基本觸覺形容詞"cold"和“冷”、"hot"和“熱”、"soft"和“軟”、"hard"和“硬”有著相同的基本義和引申義。另一方面,由于不同的民族,文化背景不同、生活習(xí)慣不同,決定了英漢語使用者不同的思維方式,有時對同一事物卻產(chǎn)生了不同的認(rèn)識,在語言表達(dá)上也就產(chǎn)生了截然不同的意義。 在此基礎(chǔ)上,探討英漢觸覺形容詞詞義衍生過程及特點,本文主要得到以下兩方面的結(jié)論：(1)英漢語中,基本義對立的觸覺形容詞其引申義一般也存在對立關(guān)系。(2)英漢觸覺形容詞詞義衍生特點基本一致。觸覺形容詞除了描述生理現(xiàn)象,也可以引申到心理現(xiàn)象,可以由具體域映射到抽象域。由最初的生理意義衍生出心理和情感意義,是人類思維方式由具體到抽象的體現(xiàn)。 這些研究有助于學(xué)習(xí)者在學(xué)習(xí)中更好地掌握觸覺形容詞的意義。同時也能豐富觸覺形容詞跨語言對比的研究。
[Abstract]:Tactile sensation is caused by external irritant contact with the skin surface. It is the general name of mechanical stimulation such as contact, sliding, pressure sense and so on. Tactile adjectives are words that express such tactile traits and tactile feelings. There are a large number of tactile adjectives in English and Chinese. Four English tactile adjectives, such as "cold", "hot", "soft", "hard", and four Chinese tactile adjectives, such as "cold", "hot", "soft" and "hard", are studied in this paper. The semantic components of the meanings listed in its dictionary are analyzed to explore the relationship between the meanings, and on this basis, the semantic comparative analysis of English and Chinese tactile adjectives is carried out. The lexical semantics and the special lexical semantics shared by tactile adjectives in both languages are found, and an attempt is made to explain them. Finally, on this basis combing its word meaning derivative process, summed up the characteristics of word meaning derivation. From the semantic comparison of the four groups of basic tactile adjectives in English and Chinese, we can draw two conclusions: on the one hand, based on the common physiological mechanism, perceptual organs and the same experience, English and Chinese four basic tactile adjectives "cold" and "cold", "hot" and "hot", "soft" and "soft", "hard" and "hard" have the same basic meanings. On the other hand, because of different nationalities, different cultural backgrounds and different living habits, different ways of thinking of English and Chinese users are determined, but sometimes they have different understanding of the same thing. In the language expression also produced the completely different meaning. On this basis, this paper discusses the process and characteristics of the meaning derivation of tactile adjectives in English and Chinese. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) in English and Chinese, Tactile adjectives with opposite basic meanings generally have opposite meanings. (2) the derivation characteristics of tactile adjectives in English and Chinese are basically the same. Tactile adjectives not only describe physiological phenomena, but also extend to psychological phenomena, which can be mapped from concrete domain to abstract domain. The psychological and emotional meaning derived from the initial physiological meaning is the embodiment of human thinking mode from concrete to abstract. These studies help learners to better grasp the meaning of tactile adjectives in their learning. At the same time, it can enrich the cross-linguistic contrastive study of tactile adjectives.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313;H136

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