【摘要】：本文認(rèn)為，連動式與動詞充當(dāng)狀語的狀中結(jié)構(gòu)并不是截然相區(qū)別的，而是一個存在著典型成員和非典型成員的連續(xù)統(tǒng)。從更廣闊的范圍上來看，連動式與并列小句之間也存在著彼此相連的關(guān)系，因此，“并列小句—連動式—狀中式”形成了一個更大的連續(xù)統(tǒng)。 首先，本文討論了連動式形成的基礎(chǔ)及條件。順序象似性是支配漢語話語組織結(jié)構(gòu)和句法結(jié)構(gòu)的重要原則。與之相對應(yīng)的是漢語口語中連詞的缺省，存在著許多沒有連詞連結(jié)的平行小句。通過小句整合，連動式最終形成。連動式得以成立的條件主要有兩點：連動結(jié)構(gòu)中只能包括兩項動詞；連動式內(nèi)部的成分不能同時具備單獨報道事件的能力。 隨后，，本文討論了“VV式”動詞連用結(jié)構(gòu)連動式到狀中式的連續(xù)統(tǒng)。連動式的兩項動詞在時間上有先后順序，動詞地位平等；狀中式兩項動詞的時間關(guān)系弱化，主次關(guān)系凸顯。因此，連動式從典型成員到非典型成員的變化就是時間順序關(guān)系的不斷弱化；到狀中式時，時間關(guān)系消失，主次關(guān)系變得顯赫，兩項動詞之間形成了不同的語義關(guān)系。本文還分別討論了這種格式中連動式和狀中式個成分的特點。充當(dāng)連動式的V1往往是動作義的自主動詞；而充當(dāng)狀語的V1往往是抽象義的雙音節(jié)動詞，可以自主也可以非自主。 本文還討論了一類較特殊的動詞連用形式，即“V著V式”，這種格式既不是典型的連動式也不是典型的狀中式。作為連動式，兩動詞成分間一般有三種語義關(guān)系：一、時間先后關(guān)系；二、目的關(guān)系；三、相互說明關(guān)系。還討論了三種作為狀中式的“V著V”式：一、“V著”表示動作的持續(xù)；二、“V著”表降級地位；三、“V著”表抽象情狀。 最后，本文討論了加狀語標(biāo)記“地”才能作狀語動詞性成分，主要包括：一部分雙音節(jié)及物動詞；“有\(zhòng)無+抽象名詞”的動賓結(jié)構(gòu)；人的身體部分或者是依賴人而產(chǎn)生的伴隨事物作主語的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)；以及一些固定短語。這些動詞性成分能夠充當(dāng)狀語的基礎(chǔ)都是詞語本身含有情狀義，在狀語標(biāo)記“地”的作用下得以激活和凸顯。
[Abstract]:In this paper, it is argued that the structure in which the verb acts as an adverbial is not a distinct structure, but a continuum in which there are typical members and atypical members. In a wider range, there is also a relationship between the contiguous clause and the paratactic clause. Therefore, "the paratactic clause-the contiguous-Chinese type" forms a larger continuum. First of all, this paper discusses the basis and conditions for the formation of the continuous motion formula. Sequential iconicity is an important principle governing the organizational and syntactic structures of Chinese discourse. It is the default of conjunctions in spoken Chinese, and there are many parallel clauses without conjunctions. Through the integration of clauses, the continuous pattern is finally formed. There are two main conditions for the contiguous verb to be established: only two verbs can be included in the contiguous structure, and the internal elements of the linked verb can not have the ability to report events separately at the same time. Then, this paper discusses the continuum of the continuous structure from the structure to the Chinese form of the "VV" verb. The two verbs of continuous verb have order in time, the status of verb is equal, the time relation of the two verbs in Chinese form is weakened, the relation of primary and secondary is prominent. Therefore, the change from the typical member to the atypical member is the weakening of the temporal order relation, while the temporal relation disappears, the primary and secondary relationship becomes prominent, and the semantic relationship between the two verbs forms a different semantic relationship. In this paper, we also discuss the characteristics of the continuous and Chinese components in this scheme. V1, which acts as a linked verb, is often an autonomous verb of action meaning, while V1, which acts as an adverbial, is a disyllabic verb with abstract meaning, which can be autonomous or involuntary. This paper also discusses a kind of special verb conjunction form, "V with V", which is neither a typical continuous verb nor a typical Chinese form. As a continuous verb, there are generally three semantic relations between the two verb elements: first, the relation of time and order; second, the relation of purpose; third, the relation of mutual explanation. We also discuss three kinds of "V to V" forms as Chinese characters: first, "V zhe" denotes the continuation of action; second, "V Zhe" table demotion; third, "V Zhe" form abstract situation. Finally, this paper discusses the adverbial tagging "place" as the adverbial verb component, mainly including: part of the dicyllabic and object verbs, "there is no abstract noun" verb-object structure; The body part of a person or the subject-predicate structure of something accompanied by a human being; and some fixed phrases. The basis of these verb elements acting as adverbial is that the words contain the meaning of situation, which can be activated and highlighted by the adverbial marker "place".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2150858