【摘要】：我國的對外漢語教學(xué)事業(yè)經(jīng)過半個多世紀(jì)的發(fā)展，迎來了向漢語國際推廣事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型。在整個發(fā)展過程中，從對來華留學(xué)生進行對外漢語教學(xué)到走出國門與國外教育機構(gòu)合作開辦孔子學(xué)院和孔子課堂，我國高校在其中一直扮演者重要的角色�？梢哉f，我國的漢語國際推廣是高等教育國際化的重要組成部分。在當(dāng)前留學(xué)生教育市場乃至整個國際教育市場的激烈競爭中，高校的對外宣傳顯得至關(guān)重要。學(xué)校簡介就是起到對外宣傳作用的一種語篇。我國大學(xué)的官方網(wǎng)站針對不同讀者提供了不同語言的學(xué)校簡介，其中，中英文簡介最為普遍，但是絕大多數(shù)的英文簡介是直接由漢語語篇為源文本逐字逐句翻譯而成，漢語學(xué)校簡介的語篇宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯語法特征都被保留了下來，因此，漢語大學(xué)簡介與英語中同一類型語篇的相似程度決定了我國高校的這些英文簡介能否達(dá)到良好的對外宣傳目的，為漢語國際推廣助力。為此我們對我國高校的漢語學(xué)校簡介與英語國家的學(xué)校簡介進行了體裁分析，采用ESP學(xué)派的語步/步驟分析法，總結(jié)出了其各自的體裁結(jié)構(gòu)模式，并對其進行了比較，得出了二者在語篇宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)及詞匯語法特征上的異同。研究結(jié)果表明，二者同屬一種體裁，因此在語篇的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)上具有很大的相似性，但是由于語言文化的差異，二者的差異性也較為明顯，在語步結(jié)構(gòu)上，，漢語的大學(xué)簡介包含了“介紹歷史傳承”和“展示學(xué)校對外交流成果”，而這兩個語步?jīng)]有出現(xiàn)在英語國家大學(xué)簡介語篇中。兩種語篇中相似的語步在實現(xiàn)手段上也不盡相同。漢語大學(xué)簡介中的“描述學(xué)�，F(xiàn)狀”和“介紹學(xué)校各項成績”這兩個語步主要是通過列舉學(xué)校的學(xué)科范圍和級別，科研設(shè)施和團隊級別，教師的各項級別和榮譽來實現(xiàn)的，而在英語國家的學(xué)校簡介中，和其對應(yīng)的語步則是通過列舉學(xué)校提供的各種教育項目及服務(wù)來實現(xiàn)的。兩種語篇在詞匯語法上也顯示出較大的差異性，漢語大學(xué)簡介句子長且句式復(fù)雜，含有較多的我國教育領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)術(shù)語和帶有政治色彩的詞語，而英語國家的大學(xué)簡介則較為簡短，句式簡單，基本不包括專業(yè)術(shù)語和政治詞語。 本文還探討了學(xué)校簡介語篇的翻譯對于漢語國際推廣的重要性，結(jié)合體裁分析對比的結(jié)果，提出了我國高校網(wǎng)站上學(xué)校簡介的翻譯和撰寫策略，最后還提到了將本研究結(jié)果運用于對外漢語教學(xué)的可能性。
[Abstract]:After more than half a century's development, China's teaching of Chinese as a foreign language has ushered in the transformation to the international promotion of Chinese. In the whole process of development, colleges and universities in China have played an important role in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language to overseas students to cooperate with foreign educational institutions to set up Confucius Institutes and Confucius classrooms. It can be said that the international promotion of Chinese is an important part of the internationalization of higher education. In the fierce competition of foreign students' education market and the whole international education market, the propaganda of colleges and universities is very important. A brief introduction to school is a kind of text which plays an important role in publicity. The official website of Chinese universities provides different language profiles for different readers, of which Chinese and English are the most common, but the vast majority of English profiles are directly translated from Chinese text to source text word for word. The macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of Chinese school profiles have been preserved. The similarity between the introduction of Chinese University and the same type of discourse in English determines whether these English profiles of Chinese universities can achieve a good purpose of publicity and help to promote Chinese internationally. For this reason, we have made a genre analysis of Chinese school profiles in Chinese universities in China and those in English-speaking countries. We have summed up their respective genre structure models by using the step / step analysis of ESP school, and compared them with each other. The similarities and differences between them in the macro structure and lexical and grammatical features of the two texts are obtained. The results show that both of them belong to the same genre, so they have great similarities in the macroscopic structure of the discourse. However, due to the differences of language and culture, the differences between them are also obvious, and the differences are also obvious in the structure of language step. The introduction to Chinese universities includes "introduction of History" and "presentation of the School's Foreign Exchange achievements", which are not found in English speaking countries. The similar steps in the two texts are also different in the means of realization. The two steps of "describing the present situation of the school" and "introducing the achievements of the school" in the brief introduction of Chinese University are mainly realized by enumerating the scope and level of the subject, the level of scientific research facilities and team, and the rank and honor of the teacher. In English-speaking school profiles, the corresponding steps are made by enumerating the various educational programs and services provided by the schools. The two texts also show great differences in lexical grammar. The brief sentences in Chinese University are long and complex, and they contain more professional terms and political terms in the field of education in China. In English-speaking countries, university profiles are short, simple sentences and do not include technical terms and political terms. This paper also discusses the importance of the translation of school brief texts to the international promotion of Chinese, and puts forward the translation and writing strategies of the school profiles on the websites of colleges and universities in China, combining with the results of genre analysis and comparison. Finally, the possibility of applying the results of this study to teaching Chinese as a foreign language is also mentioned.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H195

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