本文選題：桂北平話 + 一級元音��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在語言學(xué)界平話的內(nèi)部分合、系屬及分區(qū)還存在較大的爭議,對平話的研究主要集中在對單點或多點靜態(tài)的音系整理上,對桂北平話內(nèi)部進行橫向比較的也多是從共時的語言面貌進行描述,目前還沒有人運用實驗語音學(xué)的方法對桂北平話元音的聲學(xué)特點進行描繪并進行橫向的比較。筆者在前人提供翔實的桂北平話音系和同音字匯的基礎(chǔ)上,選取桂北平話8個方言點臨桂四塘、六塘、兩江、義寧,靈川定江,永福桃城,灌陽觀音閣和全州文橋,從一種方言系統(tǒng)的底層元音即一級元音的角度,運用實驗語音學(xué)方法,以元音格局理論為指導(dǎo),從元音的分級來考察桂北平話元音的拼合能力的強弱,運用Praat語音軟件提取一級元音的共振峰數(shù)據(jù),繪制一級元音聲學(xué)圖,以此來看桂北平話8個方言點元音的聲學(xué)特征,再從相對化歸一化之后的元音V值圖來考察桂北平話元音格局的特點,以此來看桂北平話內(nèi)部元音的格局特點的的一致性與差異性,依據(jù)各點的元音音位、元音類型、元音格局特點分析方言點之間的親疏度,對桂北平話8個方言點分片。 文章分為五部分：第一部分是引言部分,介紹文章的選題緣由、已有的對桂北平話的研究、已有的對民族語言(方言)元音的實驗研究、元音格局理論的提出及應(yīng)用范圍。確定本文研究的方言點、角度、手段和理論。第二部分對前人發(fā)表的8個方言點音系進行整理,運用元音格局的分級理論對韻母進行元音分級,得出了桂北平話四級元音的音位,從分級中看到：同一元音在不同方言點的拼合能力的強弱不同；桂北平話元音拼合能力強弱的排序：/a//o//e//(?)//i//u/。第三部分介紹了本文的實驗程序和方法,包括錄音人的情況、錄音字表的制作、樣本量的情況、實驗的步驟。 文章最重要的是第四部分和第五部分。第四部分從元音聲學(xué)圖的角度,以元音第一共振峰F1作為縱坐標,對應(yīng)舌位的高低,元音的第二共振峰F2作為橫坐標,對應(yīng)舌位的前后,繪制元音聲學(xué)圖。8個方言點的一級元音聲學(xué)圖實驗表明：桂北平話/y/有央化趨勢,在女性中表現(xiàn)尤為明顯；/(?)/在男女中的聲學(xué)位置差異較大,/a/在男的聲學(xué)圖一般表現(xiàn)為央元音的位置,/(?)/在女的聲學(xué)圖一般表現(xiàn)為央偏后元音的位置；/o/略微低化。第五部分從元音V值圖來看桂北平話元音格局的特點,并對8個方言點一級元音的9個共有元音進行格局特點的比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)桂北平話／e／、／y/在各點的實際讀音差異較大,/e/的音值范圍在/e/到/E/移動,/y/在臨桂四塘、臨桂六塘、永福桃城3個方言點中表現(xiàn)為央元音的格局,央化趨勢明顯；/o/的實際音值是/(?)/。從元音V值圖分析了桂北平話是屬于六元音型或七元音類型,依據(jù)元音類型和音位特征排除了全州文橋?qū)儆诠鸨逼皆挼目赡苄浴Ｗ詈笠罁?jù)元音音位、元音類型、元音格局的特點,嘗試對桂北平話7個點內(nèi)部分片：首先以音位/(?)/的有無來劃分為“/(?)/片”和“非/(?)/片”,“/(?)/片”包括靈川定江、灌陽觀音閣,然后在兩小片內(nèi)依據(jù)/e/音位的有無,分析片內(nèi)方言點的親疏度,分別描述了/e/和/y/的格局特點,從/e/、/y/的格局特點在兩片對內(nèi)一致性與對外差異性支撐了我們分片的結(jié)果：(1)“/(?)/片”包括靈川定江、灌陽觀音閣、臨桂六塘,因為靈川定江、灌陽觀音閣都有/e/音位,且/e/處于高元音的格局中,/y/處于前元音的格局中,未央化,而臨桂六塘沒有/e/音位,/y/表現(xiàn)為央化,所以,“在/(?)/片”又分為靈、灌一小片與臨桂六塘一小片。(2)“非/(?)/”片包括臨桂四塘、臨桂義寧、永福桃城、臨桂兩江4個方言點,因為四塘、桃城沒有/e/音位,有/y/音位,且/y/處于央元音的位置,央化趨勢明顯,而義寧、兩江有/e/音位,且/e/處于中元音的格局中,實際音值為/E/,沒有/y/音位,所以,在“非/(?)/片”又分為四塘、桃城與義寧、兩江兩小片。最后我們根據(jù)分片的結(jié)果在地圖上進行連接勾勒,發(fā)現(xiàn)我們所做的分片與地理位置得到了很好的契合,表現(xiàn)為兩個獨立的三角形區(qū)域。在地理位置上也證實了我們分片的合理性,基于合理性,我們依據(jù)本文已調(diào)查的方言點,預(yù)測本次未調(diào)查地方的元音格局特點。 文章以元音格局理論為指導(dǎo),以實驗語音學(xué)為手段,對桂北平話進行分片,并在地理位置上得到了合理的對應(yīng),研究思路和方法值得借鑒。
[Abstract]:There is a great controversy in the internal classification of the dialect in the linguistic circle, and there are still great disputes. The research on the plain dialect is mainly focused on the single point or multi point static tone system. The horizontal comparison of the inner dialect in the northern Guangxi is mostly described from the synchronic language. At present, no one has applied the experimental phonetics to the north of Guangxi. On the basis of the full and accurate phonology and homophone of the Guibei flat dialect, the author selected 8 dialects of the northern Guangxi dialect in Lingui four ponds, six ponds, two rivers, Yining, Yongfu peach, Yongfu peach, Guanyang, and all state bridges, from the bottom vowels of a dialect system. At the angle of the first level vowel, we use the experimental phonetic method, with the theory of vowel pattern as the guidance, to investigate the strength and strength of the combined power of the vowels in the Guibei dialect from the classification of vowels. The Praat phonetic software is used to extract the resonant peak data of the first vowel and draw the first grade vowel acoustic map, so as to see the acoustics of the 8 dialect point vowels in Guibei Ping Dialect. The characteristics of the vowel pattern of the northern Guibei dialect are examined by the V value diagram of the vowels after the normalization and normalization, so as to see the consistency and difference of the pattern characteristics of the inner vowels in the northern dialect of Guangxi. According to the vowel phonemes of each point, the type of vowels and the features of vowels, the degree of intimacy among the dialect points is analyzed, and the 8 dialects in the northern Guangxi dialect are divided.
The article is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the origin of the topic, the existing research on the dialect of Northern Guangxi, the experimental research on the vowel of the national language (dialect), the proposed and applied scope of the theory of the vowel pattern, the point, the angle, the means and the theory of the study in this paper. The second part has published 8 of the predecessors. With the classification theory of vowel pattern, the vowel classification of vowels is carried out by the classification theory of vowel pattern, and the phoneme of the four level vowel in Gui Beiping's dialect is obtained. It is seen from the classification that the ability of the same vowel in different dialect points is different. The sort of the power of the vowel in the dialect of the northern Guangxi is strong and weak: the /a//o//e// (?) //i//u/. third part This paper introduces the experimental procedures and methods in this paper, including the situation of recording people, the production of recording words, the sample size, and the steps of the experiment.
The most important part of the article is the fourth and fifth parts. The fourth part, from the angle of the vowel acoustic map, takes the first resonance peak F1 of the vowel as the ordinate, corresponding to the height of the tongue and the second resonant peak of the vowel, as the transverse coordinates. The first level vowel acoustics of the vowel acoustic maps of.8 dialects are shown before and after the tongue position, and the experiment of the vowel acoustics shows that: North Guangxi /y/ has a centralization trend, especially in women; / / (?) / in male and female acoustic location difference, /a/ in men's acoustic map is generally expressed as the central vowel position, / (?) / in the female acoustic map is the position of the central vowel, /o/ slightly lower. The fifth part of the vowel vowel pattern from the vowel V figure to look at the vowel pattern of the Guangxi dialect Compared with the 9 common vowels of 8 dialects and first vowels, it is found that the actual pronunciation difference between Gui Beiping / E / y/ at each point is great. The range of /e/'s sound value is from /e/ to /E/, and /y/ is the central vowel in the 3 dialects of Lingui four pond, Lingui six pond and Yongfu Peach City, and the trend of centralization is obvious. The actual sound value of /o/ is / / (?) /. From the vowel V value map analysis of the dialect of Northern Guangxi is six yuan or seven vowel types, according to the vowel type and phoneme characteristics to exclude the possibility of the whole state bridge belongs to northern Guangxi dialect. Finally, according to the features of vowel phoneme, vowel type and vowel pattern, the inner part of the 7 points in the northern Guangxi dialect is tried. First, the phoneme / (?) / or not is divided into "/ (?) / film" and "non / / (?) / film". "/ (?) / film" includes Lingchuan fixed River, Guanyang Guanyin Pavilion, and then in the two small pieces, according to the /e/ phoneme, analyze the intimacy of the dialect points, describe the pattern characteristics of /e/ and /y/ respectively, from the /e/, /y/ pattern characteristics in the internal consistency and the opposite. The external difference supports the results of our segmentation: (1) "/ (?) / film" includes Lingchuan setting River, Guanyang Guanyin Pavilion, Lingui six pond, because Lingchuan fixed River, Guanyang Guanyin has /e/ phoneme, and in the pattern of high vowel, /y/ is in the pattern of the former vowel, and the Lingui six pond has no /e/ phoneme, /y/ is centralization, so, "in / (?) / film is also divided into spirit, filling a small piece with a small piece of Lingui six ponds. (2) "non / (?) /" film includes Lingui four ponds, Lingui Yining, Yongfu Peach City, and Lingui two rivers 4 dialects. Because four ponds, peach city has no /e/ phonemes, /y/ phonemes, and /y/ is in the central vowel, the centralization trend is obvious, and Yining, the two rivers have /e/ phonemes, and /e/ is in the middle vowel. In the pattern, the actual sound value is /E/, there is no /y/ phoneme, so the "non / (?)" / film is divided into four ponds, peach city and Yining, two rivers and two rivers. Finally, we connect the maps on the map according to the results of the partition, and find that the parts we do are well matched with the geographical location, which is shown as two independent triangular areas. The geographical location also confirms the rationality of our segmentation. Based on the rationality, we predict the features of the vowel pattern in the uninvestigated area according to the dialect points that have been investigated in this article.
Guided by the theory of vowel pattern and using experimental phonetics as a means, the paper divides the northern dialect of Northern Guangxi and has a reasonable correspondence in its geographical position. The research ideas and methods should be used for reference.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H178

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐云揚;;上海話元音清化的研究[J];國外語言學(xué);1990年03期

2 李榮;漢語方言分區(qū)的幾個問題[J];方言;1985年02期

3 楊煥典 ,梁振仕 ,李譜英 ,劉村漢;廣西的漢語方言(稿)[J];方言;1985年03期

4 梁敏;張均如;;廣西壯族自治區(qū)各民族語言的互相影響[J];方言;1988年02期

5 李榮;;漢語方言的分區(qū)[J];方言;1989年04期

6 梁敏,張均如;廣西平話概論[J];方言;1999年01期

7 王福堂;平話、湘南土話和粵北土話的歸屬[J];方言;2001年02期

8 石鋒,劉藝;廣州話元音的再分析[J];方言;2005年01期

9 時秀娟;;漢語方言元音格局的系統(tǒng)性表現(xiàn)[J];方言;2006年04期

10 李連進;;平話的分布、內(nèi)部分區(qū)及系屬問題[J];方言;2007年01期

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 時秀娟;肖媛;;天津話響音的鼻化度考察[A];新規(guī)劃·新視野·新發(fā)展——天津市社會科學(xué)界第七屆學(xué)術(shù)年會優(yōu)秀論文集《天津?qū)W術(shù)文庫》（上）[C];2011年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 謝建猷;廣西平話研究[D];中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院;2001年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前8條

1 李小麗;桂林市穿山東邊洲土話研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2011年

2 楊希英;桂林市朝陽（西村）平話音系[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2000年

3 侯超;合肥方言高元音實驗研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2007年

4 明茂修;靈川縣青獅潭（巖山）土話語音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2007年

5 徐國莉;臨桂六塘土話研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2007年

6 姚建偉;靈川縣定江土話語音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2008年

7 夏全勝;第二外語元音習(xí)得中遷移作用的實驗研究[D];南開大學(xué);2009年

8 袁娟;桂林雁山區(qū)柘木鎮(zhèn)嶺子底土話語音研究[D];廣西師范大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號：2113131