本文選題：語言使用 + 語言態(tài)度　； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了消除語言隔閡,促進(jìn)人際交往,發(fā)展社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治和文化建設(shè),中國(guó)政府從1956年至今頒布了一系列推廣普通話的政策。這一舉措對(duì)維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一,增強(qiáng)中華民族凝聚力有重大意義。在大力推廣普通話的同時(shí),方言的使用不可避免地會(huì)受到國(guó)家政策的影響。有些語言學(xué)家已經(jīng)注意到普通話的推廣對(duì)方言所構(gòu)成的威脅,并且積極著手調(diào)查某些方言的現(xiàn)狀。受到足夠關(guān)注的方言主要有：上海方言,蘇州方言,廣州方言,廣西方言等。但是四川方言現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查寥寥無幾。本文以問卷的形式調(diào)查了四川省五所高校的700名大學(xué)生,以他們?yōu)檩椛潼c(diǎn),收集三代人(被試、被試的父母及其祖父母)的四川話和普通話的使用情況,借此窺探整個(gè)四川地區(qū)的語言使用現(xiàn)狀。本研究試圖解決以下四個(gè)問題：(1)在不同場(chǎng)景下,調(diào)查對(duì)象的四川話和普通話使用情況呈現(xiàn)怎樣的特征?(2)四川本地大學(xué)生對(duì)四川話和普通話持怎樣的態(tài)度?(3)在四川人的日常交流中存在四川話和普通話之間的語碼轉(zhuǎn)換嗎?發(fā)生語碼轉(zhuǎn)換的原因是什么?(4)四川本地大學(xué)生及他們父母的個(gè)人背景會(huì)影響他們的語言使用,語言態(tài)度和語碼轉(zhuǎn)換嗎?本研究通過SPSS和EXCEL對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了多角度、多層次的定量分析,反映了四川本地大學(xué)生四川話和普通話使用現(xiàn)狀最真實(shí)的情況。并借助Halliday的語域理論、Jef Verschueren的言語順應(yīng)理論和于國(guó)棟的言語順應(yīng)模型對(duì)調(diào)查對(duì)象目前語言使用情況的深層次原因進(jìn)行了解釋。調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示：(1)家庭內(nèi)部交流中,四川話和普通話的使用呈現(xiàn)出代際差異。家庭外的交流中,正式場(chǎng)合下被試多使用普通話,非正式場(chǎng)合中,被試多使用四川話。被試的語言使用顯示出對(duì)交流對(duì)象、交流情境的順應(yīng)。此外,普通話仍然沒有取代四川話在四川地區(qū)的高級(jí)語言變體地位。(2)雖然被試普遍對(duì)四川話和普通話持好感態(tài)度,并且愿意學(xué)習(xí)四川話和普通話的人數(shù)相仿,但是被試認(rèn)為在四川地區(qū)今后的日常交流中,四川話比普通話更重要。(3)四川話和普通話之間的語碼轉(zhuǎn)換經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在被試的日常交流中。當(dāng)被試的談話對(duì)象發(fā)生語碼轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí),多數(shù)人會(huì)為交流對(duì)象調(diào)整自己的語言,表現(xiàn)出對(duì)交流對(duì)象的言語順應(yīng)�；谟趪�(guó)棟的言語順應(yīng)模型,說話者進(jìn)行語碼轉(zhuǎn)換主要是為了順應(yīng)語言現(xiàn)實(shí)和社會(huì)規(guī)約。(4)被試的性別對(duì)被試學(xué)習(xí)四川話的意愿和被試對(duì)待語碼轉(zhuǎn)換的態(tài)度沒有顯著影響,而對(duì)被試學(xué)習(xí)普通話的意愿有顯著影響。不同的居住地(農(nóng)村／城鎮(zhèn))對(duì)被試對(duì)四川話的感覺和被試遇到語碼轉(zhuǎn)換現(xiàn)象的頻率沒有顯著影響,而對(duì)被試對(duì)普通話的感覺有顯著影響。父母的職業(yè)對(duì)父母與被試之間的語言使用沒有顯著影響�；谡{(diào)查結(jié)果,作者對(duì)四川地區(qū)學(xué)校的教學(xué)語言及當(dāng)?shù)卣恼Z言政策提出了建議。
[Abstract]:In order to eliminate language gap, promote interpersonal communication, develop social economy, politics and culture, the Chinese government has promulgated a series of policies to promote Mandarin since 1956. This move to safeguard national unity, enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation has great significance. While popularizing Putonghua, the use of dialects will inevitably be influenced by national policies. Some linguists have noticed the threat posed by the spread of Putonghua to dialects and actively investigated the present situation of some dialects. The major dialects concerned are Shanghai dialect, Suzhou dialect, Guangxi dialect and so on. But the current situation of Sichuan dialect is few and far between. In this paper, 700 college students in five universities in Sichuan province were investigated by questionnaire. Using them as radiation points, we collected the use of Sichuan dialect and Putonghua of three generations (participants, parents and grandparents of the subjects). In order to explore the use of language throughout the Sichuan region. This study attempts to solve the following four problems: (1) in different scenarios, What are the characteristics of Sichuan dialect and Putonghua usage? (2) what is the attitude of Sichuan college students towards Sichuan dialect and Putonghua? (3) is there a code-switching between Sichuan dialect and Putonghua in Sichuan people's daily communication? What are the reasons for code-switching? (4) will the personal background of local college students and their parents affect their language use, language attitude and code-switching? Through SPSS and excel, the experimental data are analyzed from different angles and levels, which reflects the most true situation of Sichuan dialect and Putonghua usage among local college students in Sichuan. With the help of Halliday's register theory, Jef Verschueren's speech adaptation theory and Yu Guodong's speech adaptation model, the author explains the underlying reasons for the current language use of the subjects. The results show that: (1) there are intergenerational differences in the use of Sichuan dialect and Putonghua in intra-family communication. In the communication outside the family, the subjects used Putonghua in formal occasions and Sichuan dialect in informal situations. The subjects' language use showed adaptation to the object and context of communication. In addition, Putonghua still does not take the place of Sichuan dialect as a variant of the high-level language in Sichuan. (2) although the participants generally favor Sichuan dialect and Putonghua, and the number of people willing to learn Sichuan dialect and Mandarin is similar, But the participants think that Sichuan dialect is more important than Putonghua in the future communication in Sichuan. (3) the code-switching between Sichuan dialect and Putonghua often appears in the daily communication. When code-switching occurs, most of the subjects will adjust their language for the subjects and show their verbal adaptation to the subjects. Based on Yu Guodong's speech adaptation model, the main purpose of code-switching is to adapt to the linguistic reality and social rules. (4) the gender of the subjects has no significant influence on the willingness of the subjects to learn Sichuan dialect and their attitude towards code-switching. However, it has a significant influence on the participants' willingness to learn Putonghua. Different places of residence (rural / urban) had no significant influence on the feeling of Sichuan dialect and the frequency of code-switching, but had significant influence on the feeling of Mandarin. The occupation of parents had no significant effect on language use between parents and subjects. Based on the investigation results, the author puts forward some suggestions on the medium of instruction in schools in Sichuan and the language policy of the local government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H102

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