本文選題：日照方言輔音 + 聲學(xué)研究��； 參考：《上海大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)的方法對(duì)日照方言輔音的發(fā)音部位和發(fā)音方法進(jìn)行研究。發(fā)音部位方面主要是通過(guò)靜態(tài)舌面位置和腭面位置的方法對(duì)日照輔音進(jìn)行主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)發(fā)音部位的描寫(xiě),并將本次結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)方法得出的主動(dòng)發(fā)音部位進(jìn)行對(duì)比,補(bǔ)充完善了日照輔音的被動(dòng)發(fā)音部位。通過(guò)本次對(duì)主動(dòng)發(fā)音部位的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)塞音[t]、鼻音[n]的發(fā)音部位與前人的研究差異最大,其余輔音的發(fā)音部位和前人的研究大體一致。其中,[t]和[n]為舌葉-齒齦后音,與前人的研究相比,本次實(shí)驗(yàn)中這幾個(gè)音的發(fā)音部位比前人認(rèn)為的舌尖部位更為靠后。筆者認(rèn)為造成這種差異的原因,一方面是因?yàn)檠芯糠椒ú煌?與傳統(tǒng)方法相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)的方法更加客觀科學(xué)。另一方面可能是因?yàn)檫@幾個(gè)音存在不同變體。邊音[l]、塞擦音和擦音的主動(dòng)發(fā)音部位和前人的研究比較一致,其中[l]為舌尖-齒齦后音,[tθ]、[θ]為舌尖-齒音,[t?]、[?]為舌尖-齒齦音,[?]、[?]為舌葉-齒齦音,[t?]、[?]為舌面-齒齦后音。在研究發(fā)音部位的實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)每個(gè)輔音都存在著舌位變體和顎位變體。并且存在著性別差異,男性發(fā)音人的腭面位置和舌面位置要比女性的略為靠后,其中[?]、[?]、[?]這幾個(gè)音的性別差異最為明顯。除了發(fā)音部位,筆者還對(duì)日照輔音的聲學(xué)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了研究。主要包括日照輔音的語(yǔ)圖表現(xiàn)、時(shí)長(zhǎng)、后接元音共振峰起始值及擦音的譜重心值等幾個(gè)方面。并且發(fā)現(xiàn)輔音的發(fā)音部位和聲學(xué)特點(diǎn)之間相互影響。送氣與否,不同發(fā)音方法和發(fā)音部位以及氣流的強(qiáng)弱影響語(yǔ)圖的清晰度及輔音時(shí)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)短。送氣音與不送氣音相比,送氣音的語(yǔ)圖清晰度更差,同一發(fā)音部位的送氣音時(shí)長(zhǎng)要比不送氣音的時(shí)長(zhǎng)要長(zhǎng)。舌腭接觸面積也會(huì)影響語(yǔ)圖清晰度及時(shí)長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)短,舌面和腭面接觸面積影響口腔閉塞程度,導(dǎo)致口腔內(nèi)氣壓不同最終影響了輔音時(shí)長(zhǎng)。不同發(fā)音部位的前后位置在一定程度影響不送氣塞擦音時(shí)長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)短,在不送氣塞擦音中,齒間音的時(shí)長(zhǎng)最短,舌面音的發(fā)音部位最靠后,時(shí)長(zhǎng)最長(zhǎng)。通過(guò)差異性F檢驗(yàn),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)后接元音以及性別對(duì)輔音時(shí)長(zhǎng)的影響沒(méi)有顯著性差異。在對(duì)日照方言塞音、擦音、塞擦音的后接元音共振峰部分的研究中,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)輔音舌位的高低、咽腔以及上顎開(kāi)口度大小對(duì)后接元音F1起始值有影響;舌位對(duì)F2影響較大,舌尖音與舌葉音相比,舌葉音的F2值更大。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly studies the position and methods of pronunciation of the consonants in Rizhao dialect by the method of experimental phonetics. The main part of the pronunciation is to describe the active and passive pronunciation parts of the daylight consonants through the position of the static tongue surface and the position of the palate surface, and the active pronunciation part of the result and the traditional method. In contrast, the passive pronunciation part of the sunshine consonant was perfected. Through the experimental study on the active pronunciation part, it was found that the sound parts of the [t] and the nasal sound [n] were most different from those of the previous studies. The other consonants were in agreement with the previous studies. Among them, [t] and [n] were the posterior tone of the tongue and gingiva. The reasons for this difference are because the methods of study are different, and the methods of experimental phonetics are more objective and scientific than the traditional methods. L], the active pronouncing parts of the slug and fricative are in accordance with previous studies, in which [l] is the tip of the gingiva, [t theta, [theta] to the tip of the tongue, [t?], [?] to the tip of the gingiva sound, [?], [?] to the tongue gum tone, [t?], [?] for the tongue surface to the gingiva. We found that each consonant has a tongue in the study of the pronunciation of the consonants. There is a gender difference. There is a gender difference. The position of the palate and the tongue position of the male pronouns are slightly lower than those of the female. The most obvious gender differences are in the [?], [?], and [?] sounds. Besides the part of the pronunciation, the author also studies the acoustic characteristics of the sun consonants. The time length, the starting value of the resonant peak of the vowel and the spectral center of gravity of the fricative, and the mutual influence between the pronunciation part of the consonant and the acoustic characteristics. The articulation of the language is worse. The length of the same articulation position is longer than that of the non air tone. The contact area of the tongue and palate also affects the length of the articulation and the length of the articulation. The contact area of the tongue and the palate affects the degree of oral occlusion, resulting in the difference of the air pressure in the oral cavity and the length of the consonant. The length of the intertooth sound is the shortest in the absence of air plug fricative in a certain degree, and the length of the pronunciation of the tongue is the longest. By the difference F test, we find there is no significant difference in the effect of the post vowel and the sex on the consonant length. In the study of the posterior part of the vowel resonance peak, we found that the height of the consonant tongue, the size of the pharyngeal cavity and the size of the maxilla had an influence on the initial value of the F1, and the tongue position had a greater influence on the F2, and the F2 value of the tongue leaf sound was greater than that of the tongue.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H172.1

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本文編號(hào)：1993187