本文選題：構式語法 + 語法轉(zhuǎn)喻　； 參考：《廣西師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法經(jīng)歷了三十多年的語言學主導地位后,弊端逐漸顯現(xiàn),特別是對于一些習語性固定表達例如：all of a sudden和let alone解釋力的嚴重不足。為了解決轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法所不能解釋的超語法性質(zhì),從上世紀九十年代開始,眾多語言學家把目光投向認知語言學中的構式語法理論。構式語法學家對動詞和構式互動的研究領域廣泛,研究深入。 激進構式語法理論認為“構式是句法表征的基本單位”,也就是說,任何一個語言表達式本身就是構式。因此,從該意義上說,傳統(tǒng)句法學中的核心動詞與其后跟隨的名詞性成分組合在一起也是一種構式,這種構式叫做動后結(jié)構。動后結(jié)構的提法源于王寅,在他的文章里,動后結(jié)構主要指動詞和名詞性短語的搭配,依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)語法,也可以稱作動賓結(jié)構。但是,并非所有動詞后邊的成分都是真正意義上的賓語,這一現(xiàn)象絕非偶然,特別是在漢語言中,大量存在,王寅稱之為假賓語。 本研究首先從激進構式語法理論出發(fā),認為任何一個語言表達式本身就是構式。漢語中的句子可以分為主謂結(jié)構和非主謂結(jié)構,前者是本研究的研究對象。主謂結(jié)構包括主語和謂語部分,謂語部分指謂語動詞以及其后的語法單位。本研究把王寅的動后結(jié)構拓展到動詞與其后語法單位,這樣漢語動后結(jié)構本身可以分為動詞-名詞短語結(jié)構、動詞-形容詞短語構式、動詞-動詞短語構式、動詞-介詞短語構式以及動詞-主謂構式。 王寅所指假賓語僅僅存在于傳統(tǒng)語法中的動賓結(jié)構。在本研究中,這種動詞-名詞短語結(jié)構中的假賓語被看作是假賓語的原型,而其它四類構式中的形容詞短語、動詞短語、介詞短語以及主謂結(jié)構則被看作是假賓語家族中原型的拓展。從這一角度出發(fā),假賓語可以分為名詞性動后結(jié)構中的假賓語以及非名詞性動后結(jié)構中的假賓語。名詞性動后結(jié)構即是動詞-名詞短語結(jié)構；非名詞性動后結(jié)構指動詞-形容詞短語構式、動詞-動詞短語構式、動詞-介詞短語構式以及動詞-主謂構式。 本研究分析了傳統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)喻和概念轉(zhuǎn)喻,提出語法轉(zhuǎn)喻以及其中概念轉(zhuǎn)喻與語法結(jié)構(表達)之間的互動關系,認為語法轉(zhuǎn)喻是概念轉(zhuǎn)喻在語言表達或語法結(jié)構層面的體現(xiàn)。依據(jù)吳淑瓊的語法轉(zhuǎn)喻認知模型,作者提出了語法轉(zhuǎn)喻形成過程分為兩個階段：第一階段是概念轉(zhuǎn)喻,第二階段是語法轉(zhuǎn)喻,即概念轉(zhuǎn)喻與語法結(jié)構(表達)的互動。進而深入分析了五類漢語動后結(jié)構中的假賓語的生成機制,以期對今后漢語語法研究提供新的視角和理論基礎。
[Abstract]:After more than 30 years of linguistic dominance in transformational generative grammar, the disadvantages have gradually appeared, especially for some idiomatic fixed expressions, such as: all of a sudden and let alone. In order to solve the meta grammatical nature which cannot be explained by transformational generative grammar, since the 1990s, many linguists have turned their attention to the construction grammar theory in cognitive linguistics. The study of verb and construction interaction by construction grammars is extensive and in-depth. The theory of radical construction grammar holds that "construction is the basic unit of syntactic representation", that is, any linguistic expression itself is a construction. Therefore, in this sense, the combination of the core verbs in traditional syntax and the noun elements followed by them is also a kind of construction, which is called the post-verb structure. In his article, the post-verb structure mainly refers to the collocation of verbs and noun phrases. According to the traditional grammar, it can also be called verb-object structure. However, not all the elements behind the verb are real objects, which is no accident, especially in the Chinese language, which Wang Yin calls false objects. Based on the theory of radical construction grammar, the present study holds that any linguistic expression is a construction itself. Chinese sentences can be divided into subject-predicate structure and non-subject-predicate structure, the former is the object of this study. The subject-predicate structure includes the subject and predicate parts, and the predicate part refers to the predicate verb and the subsequent grammatical units. This study extends Wang Yin's post-verb structure to verbs and post-grammatical units, so that Chinese post-verb structures can be divided into verb-noun phrase structure, verb-adjective phrase construction, verb-verb phrase construction, and verb-verb phrase construction. Verb-prepositional phrase construction and verb-subject-predicate construction. The false object referred to by Wang Yin only exists in the verb-object structure in the traditional grammar. In this study, the false object in the verb-noun phrase structure is regarded as the prototype of the false object, while the adjective phrase, the verb phrase in the other four types of construction, Prepositional phrases and subject-predicate structures are regarded as an extension of the prototype in the false object family. From this point of view, the false object can be divided into the false object in the noun post-verb structure and the non-noun post-verb structure. The noun post-verb structure refers to the verb-adjective phrase construction, the verb-prepositional phrase construction and the verb-subject-predicate construction, while the non-noun post-verb structure refers to the verb-adjective phrase construction, the verb-phrase construction This study analyzes the traditional metonymy and conceptual metonymy, and puts forward the grammatical metonymy and the interaction between conceptual metonymy and grammatical structure (expression). It is considered that grammatical metonymy is the embodiment of conceptual metonymy at the level of language expression or grammatical structure. According to Wu Shu-qiong 's cognitive model of grammatical metonymy, the author proposes that the formation of grammatical metonymy can be divided into two stages: the first stage is conceptual metonymy and the second stage is grammatical metonymy, that is, the interaction between conceptual metonymy and grammatical structure (expression). Furthermore, this paper makes a thorough analysis of the formation mechanism of false objects in five kinds of Chinese post-verb structures in order to provide a new perspective and theoretical basis for the future study of Chinese grammar.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：1985103