本文選題：皖北中原官話 + 詞綴��； 參考：《南京師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：皖北絕大部分地區(qū)處于中原官話區(qū),只有淮河沿岸部分方言點(diǎn)處于中原官話和江淮官話的過(guò)渡區(qū)域。皖北中原官話(統(tǒng)稱皖北方言)分屬商阜片、信蚌片和徐蕭片三個(gè)小片。皖北方言在語(yǔ)法上具有不少一致性特征,如豐富的“子”綴詞、程度補(bǔ)語(yǔ)“很得很”、特殊格式“非VP”等。皖北方言各小片又各自特色,如徐蕭片的反復(fù)問(wèn)句可用“VP嗎/不”；商阜片西北部有“不粘”等說(shuō)法;信蚌片西南部可在句末用“在”表示進(jìn)行。 本文從詞綴、程度、體貌、疑問(wèn)和句式五個(gè)方面對(duì)皖北中原官話的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象做了比較詳細(xì)的描寫和分析,得出的關(guān)于皖北方言語(yǔ)法的主要結(jié)論有： (1)詞綴系統(tǒng)包括前綴、中綴、后綴,有些詞綴具有方言特點(diǎn),如前綴“老”、后綴“乎”、“子”以及貶義后綴“不拉唧的”等;存在中綴“不/巴”、“不子/巴子”,這組中綴的主要功能是增加貶抑色彩；“子”綴詞特別豐富,可構(gòu)成名詞和數(shù)量結(jié)構(gòu)�！白印本Y具有“成詞”、“轉(zhuǎn)類”、“變義”、“增義”功能。 (2)程度表達(dá)有加程度詞綴(詞法)、重疊(詞法)、加程度狀語(yǔ)和程度補(bǔ)語(yǔ)四種手段。程度綴有前綴,也有后綴；有高量級(jí)的,也有低量級(jí)的。重疊、程度狀語(yǔ)和程度補(bǔ)語(yǔ)主要表達(dá)高程度量。比較特別的程度狀語(yǔ)有“死”、“血”、“鎮(zhèn)(么)”、“恁(么)”等,述程式有“X得很”、“X狠嘮”、“X得很得很”、“X得很得很得很”等,后兩種形式是一種超常規(guī)表達(dá)方式,“狠嘮”可修飾行為動(dòng)詞,程度量為“超量”。 (3)體貌方面：實(shí)現(xiàn)體采用“了”的音變形式“嘮/嘍”；持續(xù)體有兩種標(biāo)記：子(中東部),住(北部)；嘗試體標(biāo)記有：看、看看、瞧、瞧瞧、試試,可表達(dá)“警告”的語(yǔ)用意義；"VV"、"VVV"可表示動(dòng)作反復(fù)持續(xù)進(jìn)行；“來(lái)”可表示進(jìn)行,有的方言點(diǎn)可表示實(shí)現(xiàn)(如阜陽(yáng)),金寨、霍邱可在句末用“在”表示進(jìn)行。 (4)反復(fù)問(wèn)有"FVP"、"VP-neg-VP"、"VP+疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣詞”三種形式,前兩種形式可共存,可VP”問(wèn)句形式復(fù)雜,句末語(yǔ)氣詞可顯示體貌信息；“可是”問(wèn)句是一種偏向是非問(wèn)；是非問(wèn)有語(yǔ)調(diào)是非問(wèn)句、偏向“嗎”問(wèn)句和“可是”問(wèn)句三種形式；特指問(wèn)與普通話的差異表現(xiàn)為疑問(wèn)代詞的不同；無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)詞語(yǔ)的緊縮式選擇問(wèn)為常用形式。 (5)“非VP不X”中的“非”已演變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)副詞,式中“不X”隱現(xiàn)的規(guī)律主要受制于語(yǔ)義特征、語(yǔ)法化程度和句法格式,省略式“非VP”為常用格式；“PP+X+啥+PP+X”是一種框式結(jié)構(gòu),意義是“否定”和“制止”；受事主語(yǔ)句表被動(dòng)是常見格式,被動(dòng)標(biāo)記主要用“叫”、“讓”、“給”,處置標(biāo)記主要用“叫”、“把”、“給”,其中“叫”、“給”為被動(dòng)、處置共用標(biāo)記。
[Abstract]:Most of the areas in northern Anhui are located in the central plain Mandarin area, only some dialect points along the Huaihe River are located in the transitional areas of the central plain Mandarin and the Jianghuai Mandarin. Northern Anhui Central Plains Mandarin (commonly known as Northern Anhui dialect) belongs to Shangfu slice, Xin clam slice and Xu Xiao slice three small pieces. There are many grammatical consistency features in Anhui dialect, such as abundant "sub-affix", degree complement "very good", special format "non-VP" and so on. Each small piece in Northern Anhui dialect has its own characteristics, such as the repeated question sentence of Xu Xiaobian can be used as "VP / No", the northwest of Shangfu film has the expression "non-stick", and the southwest of Shin-clam can be expressed as "in" at the end of sentence. This paper gives a detailed description and analysis of the grammatical phenomena of the Central Plains Mandarin in Northern Anhui Province from five aspects of affixes, degrees, body features, questions and sentence patterns, and draws the main conclusions on the grammar of the Northern Anhui dialect: The affix system includes prefixes, affixes, suffixes, and some affixes have dialect characteristics, such as the prefix "Lao", the suffix "Huo", the "sub-suffix" and the derogatory suffix "not pulling", etc. The main function of this group of affixes is to add derogatory colors. The affixes of "Zi" have the functions of "forming words", "changing category", "changing meaning" and "increasing meaning". There are four means of degree expression: affix (lexical affix), overlap (lexical sentence), adverbial of additive degree (Additive degree) and complement of degree (degree complement). Degrees have prefixes and suffixes; there are high orders of magnitude and low orders of magnitude. Overlapping, degree adverbials and degree complements mainly express height measurement. "death", "blood", "town", "position", etc., and so on. The program includes "X", "X", "X", "X", "X", "X", "X" and so on. The latter two forms are a kind of supernormal expression, which can modify the action verb and the degree is overdose. (3) aspect of body appearance: the realizing body adopts the "talkative" phonetic form of "chitchat"; the persistent body has two kinds of markers: the child (central and eastern, living in the north), and the try body marker: look, see, try, see, try. The pragmatic meaning of "warning" can be expressed; "VV", "VVV" can mean repeated and continuous action; "come" can mean to carry out, and some dialect points can indicate realization (such as Fuyang, Jinzhai, Huoqiu, Huo Qiu can use "Ze" at the end of the sentence to indicate "in"). 4) there are "FVP", "VP-neg-VP" and "VP interrogative modal words", the former two forms can coexist, but the VP "question form is complex, and the modal word at the end of the sentence can show the body appearance information; but" question sentence is a kind of bias to ask right and wrong, and the intonation of right to ask is to have right and wrong question. In particular, the difference between question and Putonghua is the difference of interrogative pronouns, and the contractionary choice of uncorrelated words is a common form. (5) the "non" in "non-VP not X" has evolved into a modal adverb, and the hidden rule of "non-X" in the formula is mainly restricted by the semantic features, the grammaticalization degree and the syntactic format, and the elliptical "non-VP" is the common format. "PP X what PP X" is a kind of frame structure, meaning "negative" and "stop"; passive statement table is common format, passive mark mainly uses "call", "give", "give", disposal mark mainly uses "call", "handle", "give", in which "call", "give" is passive, dispose of common marks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H172

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