本文選題：澧縣方言 + 概數(shù)義　； 參考：《湖南師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以“澧縣方言的概數(shù)義表達方式”為研究對象,考察各種表達手段并試圖找出其中的規(guī)律。全文共分四章,具體如下： 第一章為緒論,共分五節(jié),第一節(jié)為澧縣地理概況；第二節(jié)澧縣方言語音系統(tǒng)；第三節(jié)為相關文獻綜述；第四節(jié)為研究內(nèi)容、研究方法、研究意義；第五節(jié)為相關說明。 第二章主要描寫了澧縣方言中各種“把”結(jié)構表概數(shù)義的表示法。澧縣方言中的“把”結(jié)構形式豐富,有“X把”、“X把把兒”、“X把子”、“X把X”、“X把兩X”五種形式。各種“把”結(jié)構中“X”位置上既可以出現(xiàn)量詞,也可以出現(xiàn)數(shù)詞。本章對各種“把”結(jié)構對量詞數(shù)詞的選擇性進行了重點描寫分析。并對各種“把”結(jié)構的語法功能、意義和色彩、與周邊方言的比較等幾個方面做了進一步的論述。 第三章討論的是除“把”結(jié)構以外的各種表概數(shù)義的表達式。主要包括添加概數(shù)詞語的表示法、量詞表示法和數(shù)詞表示法。澧縣方言中的概數(shù)詞語非常多,分為適用于單一概數(shù)義的和適用于多種概數(shù)義的表達式。適用于單一概數(shù)義的詞語有“旺/昂”、“怏/□[nia(?)35]/□[t‘iA21]"、“把不住砣”、“喊得應噠”、“滿X歲,吃Y歲的飯”、“眼睛一調(diào)”,適用于多種概數(shù)義的表達式有“去/差不得好遠”、“杵U/挨U”、“有多的”、“□[tsA35]”、“只是”、“不的”等。 量詞表示法和數(shù)詞表示法也顯示出了與普通話不同的色彩。澧縣方言有許多量詞與數(shù)詞“一”組合后可以直接用來表概數(shù)義,這些量詞包括部分量詞、借用器具名量詞、不定名量詞、動量詞。部分量詞如“坨[t‘o24]"、"□[t(?)33]",借用器具名量詞,如“桌子”、“柜子”,這些部分量詞和借用器具名量詞還可以通過量詞重疊兒化來改變主觀量的大小,不定名量詞,如“坨”、“些”、“點/滴”,“點/滴”這些表小量的量詞還可以通過重疊兒化和語音變化來加強這種小量,動量詞如“下”,也可以表示動作量少或時短的主觀量。 在澧縣方言中,既可以用單個數(shù)詞表概數(shù)義,也可以用兩個數(shù)詞來表達。用單個數(shù)詞表概數(shù)義的主要是“兩”、“幾”,由它們形成“數(shù)+量+量+兒”結(jié)構,這個結(jié)構不僅表概數(shù)義,且含有主觀小量色彩。澧縣方言中還可以用“一+量+兩+量”表概數(shù)義,同樣,此結(jié)構也具有主觀量的色彩。 第四章是本文的結(jié)語部分。本章對全文做出了總體結(jié)論,談到了論文的創(chuàng)新之處和不足之處及今后所要努力的方向。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we take the expression of the approximate meaning of Lixian dialect as the research object, investigate various means of expression and try to find out the law of it. The full text is divided into four chapters, as follows: The first chapter is the introduction, which is divided into five sections. The first section is the geography survey of Lixian County; the second section is the phonetic system of Lixian dialect; the third section is the related literature review; the fourth section is the research content, the research method, the research significance; the fifth section is the related explanation. The second chapter mainly describes the expressions of various "Ba" structure tables in Lixian dialect. There are five forms of "Ba" in Lixian dialect, such as "X", "X", "X", "X", "X" and "X". Various "Ba" structure "X" position can appear both quantifiers and numerals. This chapter focuses on the description and analysis of the selectivity of various "Ba" structures to quantifier numerals. The grammatical function, meaning and color of the "Ba" structure and the comparison with the surrounding dialects are further discussed. The third chapter discusses the expressions of the estimates of various tables except the "Ba" structure. Mainly including the addition of approximate words and expressions, quantifier representation and numeral representation. There are many approximate words in Lixian dialect. The words that apply to a single estimate are "Wang / Ang", "/ [nia(?)35] / [t'iA21]," yelled "," at the age of X, eat dinner at the age of Y "," tune your eyes ", Expressions that apply to a variety of generalizations are "go / go", "pestle U / U", "how much", "- [tsA35]", "just", "no", etc. Quantifier representation and numeral representation also show different colors from Putonghua. There are many classifiers combined with numerals "one" in Lixian dialect, which can be directly used to express the approximate meaning. These quantifiers include some classifiers, borrowed instrument classifiers, unnamed classifiers, and variable quantifiers. Some classifiers, such as "Tuo [t'o24]", "- [TX]", borrow instrument names, such as "table" and "cabinet", which can also be changed by overlapping quantifiers to change the size of subjective quantities, such as "Tuo", unnamed quantifiers, such as "Tuo", "some", "dot / drop" these table small quantity quantifiers can also strengthen this kind of small quantity through overlapping and phonetic change, the verb quantifier such as "below", may also indicate the movement quantity or the time short subjective quantity. In Lixian dialect, it can be expressed either by a single word list or by two numerals. It is mainly "two" and "several" which are used to estimate the meaning of a single word list, and form the structure of "number and quantity". This structure not only gives an estimate of the number, but also contains a small amount of subjective color. Lixian dialect can also use "one quantity and two quantities" to estimate the meaning of the number, similarly, this structure also has the color of subjective quantity. The fourth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This chapter has made the overall conclusion to the full text, has discussed the innovation and the insufficiency of the thesis and the direction of the future efforts.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H174

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