本文選題：對外漢語詞典 + 外族學(xué)習(xí)者�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：詞典是語言學(xué)習(xí)的重要工具，是語言資源的一部分。對外漢語詞典是外族學(xué)習(xí)者學(xué)習(xí)漢語的好幫手，也是我國發(fā)展語言產(chǎn)業(yè)，，優(yōu)化語言資源的重點。國內(nèi)詞典市場中，對外漢語詞典種類繁多，各有長短。而外族學(xué)習(xí)者漢語水平不一，詞典使用目的各異，加上對我國詞典市場不夠了解，以及對外漢語教師對學(xué)生的詞典使用不夠重視，導(dǎo)致學(xué)習(xí)者在漢語詞典的選擇和使用方面出現(xiàn)很多問題，影響了詞典使用效率和漢語學(xué)習(xí)效率。目前，我國關(guān)于詞典使用的研究已經(jīng)逐漸發(fā)展起來，但是研究對象主要集中在英語學(xué)習(xí)者，有關(guān)外族學(xué)習(xí)者對漢語詞典使用的研究還很少，因此有關(guān)這一方面的研究是十分迫切的。 為了幫助外族學(xué)習(xí)者更好的選擇詞典、使用詞典，筆者首先介紹了對外漢語詞典的分類，并分析了幾部典型對外漢語詞典的特點。然后又對74名外族學(xué)習(xí)者進行了有關(guān)漢語詞典使用情況的問卷調(diào)查，通過分析調(diào)查結(jié)果，了解外族學(xué)習(xí)者在詞典使用中出現(xiàn)的四大誤區(qū)，以學(xué)習(xí)者對漢語詞典的新要求。其中四點誤區(qū)包括：沒有充分利用詞典所提供信息；對詞典的依賴性越來越大；沒有“趁熱打鐵”及時做筆記；沒有理性的看待詞典。對詞典的要求有：釋義應(yīng)完整、簡潔、清楚；例句要多且易懂；應(yīng)提供豐富的語法知識和文化信息；還應(yīng)有近義詞辨析；有比較大的收詞量；并且方便攜帶。最后，筆者分別針對學(xué)習(xí)者、對外漢語教師以及對外漢語詞典編纂提出了幾點建議，希望能有效的幫助學(xué)習(xí)者走出誤區(qū)，同時也希望能夠?qū)ξ覈Z言產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供微薄之力。 本文分為三章：第一章介紹了本文的選題緣由以及國內(nèi)外關(guān)于詞典使用研究的成果，并在此基礎(chǔ)上對對外漢語詞典做了簡單介紹；第二章對學(xué)習(xí)者關(guān)于對外漢語詞典的使用情況進行了考察，包括對詞典的選擇、使用、需求和認(rèn)識；第三章筆者根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果分析外族學(xué)習(xí)者在詞典使用中所存在的誤區(qū)，并總結(jié)了學(xué)習(xí)者對漢語學(xué)習(xí)詞典的要求，然后筆者分別針對學(xué)習(xí)者、對外漢語教師和對外漢語詞典編纂三方面提出了不同建議。最后一部分為本文的結(jié)語部分，為本文的研究結(jié)果做了一個概括性總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:Dictionary is an important tool for language learning and a part of language resources. Chinese as a foreign language dictionary is not only a good helper for foreign learners to learn Chinese, but also a key point for the development of language industry and optimization of language resources in China. In the domestic dictionary market, there are many kinds of dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language. However, foreign learners have different levels of Chinese, different purposes for using dictionaries, and lack of understanding of the dictionary market in our country, and teachers of Chinese as a foreign language have not paid enough attention to the use of dictionaries by students. As a result, there are many problems in the choice and use of Chinese dictionaries, which affect the efficiency of dictionary use and Chinese learning. At present, the research on the use of Chinese dictionaries has been gradually developed in China. However, the study focuses on English learners, and there are few studies on the use of Chinese dictionaries by foreign learners. Therefore, the research on this aspect is very urgent. In order to help foreign learners choose dictionaries and use dictionaries, the author first introduces the classification of Chinese dictionaries as a foreign language, and analyzes the characteristics of several typical dictionaries of Chinese as a foreign language. Then, 74 foreign learners were investigated about the use of Chinese dictionaries. Through the analysis of the results, four misunderstandings appeared in the use of Chinese dictionaries by foreign learners were understood in order to meet the learners' new requirements for the use of Chinese dictionaries. Four of the misunderstandings include: not making full use of the information provided by the dictionary; relying more and more on the dictionary; not taking notes in time while the iron is hot; and not looking at the dictionary rationally. The requirements of the dictionary are: complete, concise and clear interpretation; many and easy to understand example sentences; should provide rich grammatical knowledge and cultural information; there should also be synonyms discrimination; there is a relatively large amount of words; and easy to carry. Finally, the author puts forward several suggestions for learners, teachers of Chinese as a foreign language and Chinese as a foreign language dictionary compilation, hoping to help learners out of the misunderstanding effectively, but also hope to provide a meagre contribution to the development of Chinese language industry. This paper is divided into three chapters: the first chapter introduces the reason of this paper and the domestic and foreign research on the use of dictionaries, and on this basis makes a brief introduction to the dictionary of Chinese as a foreign language; The second chapter investigates learners' use of TCFL dictionaries, including the choice, use, needs and understanding of the dictionaries. Chapter three analyzes the misunderstanding of foreign learners in the use of the dictionaries according to the results of the investigation. The author summarizes learners' requirements for Chinese learning dictionaries, and then puts forward different suggestions for learners, teachers of Chinese as a foreign language and compiling dictionaries for Chinese as a foreign language. The last part is the conclusion of this paper, which makes a summary of the research results.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H195

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