本文選題：動(dòng)兼方類詞　切入點(diǎn)：東北官話　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：動(dòng)兼方類詞是出現(xiàn)在“往+回+V”結(jié)構(gòu)中“回”所代表的一類詞,它們既具有動(dòng)詞的性質(zhì),同時(shí)又兼含方位詞的性質(zhì),常以單音節(jié)的形式出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)中�！巴�+…+V”結(jié)構(gòu),是動(dòng)兼方類詞出現(xiàn)的依托結(jié)構(gòu)。前關(guān)聯(lián)要素介詞一般是“往”,亦可替換為“朝”、“向”等詞。后關(guān)聯(lián)要素動(dòng)詞多為單音節(jié)行為動(dòng)詞,亦有動(dòng)詞前加“一”、動(dòng)詞重疊、動(dòng)詞后接賓語或補(bǔ)語的變化形式。動(dòng)兼方類詞集中出現(xiàn)在漢語方言中,基于此,本人對(duì)東北官話哈阜片、吉沈片、北京官話京承片及江淮官話黃孝片中的動(dòng)兼方類詞及其依托結(jié)構(gòu)中的前后關(guān)聯(lián)要素進(jìn)行針對(duì)性研究。本論文參照趙元任《湖北方言調(diào)查報(bào)告》和北大郭銳教授指導(dǎo)的優(yōu)秀碩士畢業(yè)論文《漢語趨向動(dòng)詞用作方向詞現(xiàn)象初探》的調(diào)查方法,考察了動(dòng)兼方類詞及其前后關(guān)聯(lián)要素在東北官話、北京官話和江淮官話中八個(gè)方言調(diào)查點(diǎn)的出現(xiàn)情況,以下是大致的調(diào)查結(jié)果：一、東北官話、北京官話和江淮官話動(dòng)兼方類詞的詞位情況。東北官話區(qū)動(dòng)兼方類詞詞位：巴彥縣共有5個(gè),分別是“過、回、出、起、下”；長(zhǎng)春市綠園區(qū)共有7個(gè),分別是“過、回、進(jìn)、出、起、下、死”；吉林市龍?zhí)秴^(qū)共有6個(gè),分別為“回、出、開、起、下、死”；遼陽市宏偉區(qū)共有8個(gè),分別為“回、出、開、散、起、下、斷、死”；遼陽市白塔區(qū)共有4個(gè),分別為“回、出、開、下”。北京官話區(qū)動(dòng)兼方類詞詞位：北京市海淀區(qū)共有3個(gè),分別為“回、起、下”；北京市房山區(qū)共有5個(gè),分別為“回、進(jìn)、出、起、下”。江淮官話中孝昌縣動(dòng)兼方類詞共有5個(gè),分別為“回、轉(zhuǎn)、進(jìn)、攏、下”。二、東北官話、北京官話京和江淮官話介詞的使用情況。八個(gè)方言調(diào)查點(diǎn)中,介詞“往”使用最為普遍,其中,巴彥縣、長(zhǎng)春市綠園區(qū)、遼陽市白塔區(qū)和北京市房山區(qū)只用“往”,北京市海淀區(qū)“往”可以替換為“朝”,吉林市龍?zhí)秴^(qū)、遼陽市宏偉區(qū)和孝昌縣“往”可以替換為“朝”、“向”。三、東北官話、北京官話和江淮官話核心動(dòng)詞的變化形式。八個(gè)方言調(diào)查點(diǎn)中,單音節(jié)行為動(dòng)詞變化形式可以分為動(dòng)詞前加“一”、動(dòng)詞重疊、動(dòng)詞后接賓語和動(dòng)詞后接補(bǔ)語四種形式。就各形式出現(xiàn)的普遍程度看,程度最高的是動(dòng)詞重疊,其次是動(dòng)詞后接補(bǔ)語,再次是動(dòng)詞前加“一”,出現(xiàn)最少的是動(dòng)詞后接賓語。據(jù)考察,動(dòng)兼方類詞特征是：一、語義特征。動(dòng)兼方類詞的語義總體概括為與由某位置或狀態(tài)至另一位置或狀態(tài)的行為相應(yīng)的方向義,其中兼含兩個(gè)方面內(nèi)容：一是由某位置或狀態(tài)至另一位置或狀態(tài)的行為義；二是與行為方向相一致的方向義。二、語法特征。動(dòng)兼方類詞與介詞“往”等組合,充任介詞的賓語,共同組成介賓結(jié)構(gòu)之后充作“V”的狀語。
[Abstract]:Verb and square word is a kind of word which appears in "back V" structure. It has the properties of verb and orientation, and often appears in the form of monosyllabic."to...V "structure is the supporting structure of verb and square word."Prerelational prepositions are usually "to", and can be replaced by "Chao", "Xiang" and so on.Most of the postrelated elements of verbs are monosyllabic behavioral verbs, but also there are verbs before the addition of "one", verb overlap, verb followed by object or complement changes.The words of verb and square appear in Chinese dialects. Based on this, I make a study of Hafu and Jisheng in Northeast Mandarin.This paper makes a targeted study of the verb and square words in the Beijing Mandarin and the Jiang-Huai Huangxiao films and the related elements in their supporting structure.This thesis refers to the investigation methods of Zhao Yuanren's "investigation report on Hubei dialect" and Guo Rui's excellent master's thesis "the phenomenon of Chinese directional verbs as directional words".This paper investigates the occurrence of eight dialects in Northeast Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin, and the following are the results of the investigation: first, Northeast Mandarin;Beijing Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin verb and square word position situation.There are five words in Bayan County, which are "over, back, out, up, down"; there are seven green parks in Changchun, which are "past, back, in, out, up, down, dead"; and there are six in Longtan District of Jilin City.They are respectively "back, out, open, rise, lower, die"; in Hongwei District, Liaoyang City, there are eight, which are respectively "back, out, open, scattered, up, down, broken, dead"; and there are four in Baita District of Liaoyang City, which are respectively "back, out, open, and down."There are 3 words in Haidian District of Beijing, which are "back, up, down", and five in Fangshan District of Beijing, which are respectively "back, in, out, up and down".In Jianghuai official dialect, there are 5 kinds of words in Xiaochang County, which are "return, turn, advance, close up, go down".Second, the usage of prepositions in the Northeast Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin.Among the eight dialect survey sites, the preposition "go" is most commonly used. Among them, Bayan County, Changchun City Green Park, Liaoyang City Baita District and Beijing Fangshan District only use "go", and Haidian District of Beijing can be replaced by "Chao".Longtan District of Jilin City, Hongwei District of Liaoyang City and Xiaochang County can be replaced by "Chao" and "Xiang".Third, the change form of the core verbs of Northeast Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin and Jianghuai Mandarin.In the eight dialect investigation points, the changing forms of monosyllabic behavioral verbs can be divided into four forms: one before verbs, one verb overlap, four forms verb followed by object and verb followed by complement.In terms of the universal degree of each form, the highest degree is verb reduplication, the second is verb followed by complement, the third is verb followed by "one", and the least appears after verb followed by object.According to investigation, the features of verb and square words are as follows: first, semantic features.The semantic meaning of verb and square word is summed up as the direction meaning corresponding to the behavior from one position or state to another, including two aspects: one is the behavior meaning from one position or state to another position or state;The second is the direction meaning consistent with the behavior direction.Second, grammatical features.The combination of verb and square word and preposition "go" acts as the object of the preposition and acts as the adverbial of "V" after the structure of introduction object.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H17

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