本文選題：吐槽語　切入點(diǎn)：吐槽語篇　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：“吐槽”作為一種來自日本漫才藝術(shù)的言語活動,在當(dāng)下漢語語境中得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。它的原意是指對目標(biāo)說話人及其話語的揭露、揶揄、指責(zé)、抱怨等,目的在于揭示目標(biāo)事物的荒謬性。本文研究的“吐槽語”是指在一個相對獨(dú)立的語篇中由吐槽這一言語活動產(chǎn)生的話語,表達(dá)對相關(guān)話語或肯定或否定的意見,是一種富有靈活性和創(chuàng)造性的新興話語形式。包含吐槽語的相關(guān)語篇,我們稱為“吐槽語篇”。相比非吐槽語篇,它能更好地服務(wù)于人類思維的非線性和相應(yīng)的閱讀需要,但這一現(xiàn)象目前還沒有受到學(xué)界關(guān)注。 本文以動漫雜志吐槽語篇為研究對象,發(fā)現(xiàn)吐槽語的本質(zhì)是一種包含鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)的非線性話語形式。我們從源頭上理清了吐槽語及其鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)的形成過程,并對其出現(xiàn)的意義進(jìn)行了原創(chuàng)性闡述；通過對比分析,總結(jié)吐槽語篇的特征,并歸納了吐槽語鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)的形式類型和作為被鏈的吐槽語的類型；在此基礎(chǔ)上,發(fā)現(xiàn)吐槽語具備三大功能：文本的激活、語域的拓展和對讀者的啟發(fā)；結(jié)合吐槽語的形式和內(nèi)容,我們以視域融合理論為指導(dǎo),初步論證了吐槽語功能實(shí)現(xiàn)的過程。 本文分為五章,各章節(jié)具體內(nèi)容如下： 第一章緒論,交待研究對象,對有關(guān)概念進(jìn)行初步界定,介紹研究現(xiàn)狀和相關(guān)理論,提出本文的研究價值并界定語料來源。 學(xué)界對于吐槽語這種新興話語形式的研究幾乎是空白,僅有數(shù)篇介紹“吐槽”這個新詞的文章。本文將吐槽作為一個具有對話性、能產(chǎn)性的言語行為來進(jìn)行研究,并探討其在語篇和話語結(jié)構(gòu)層面的價值,因此將運(yùn)用到兩個理論：話語的鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)理論和視域融合理論。 第二章,對吐槽語的鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行全面分析,是本文的重心所在。 首先追溯了吐槽語的形成過程,提出吐槽語是吐槽動畫和彈幕視頻文本化的結(jié)果。對比其他類型文本,發(fā)現(xiàn)吐槽語篇的獨(dú)特性,即利用書面語的視覺屬性、吐槽的對話性和特殊交際空間的設(shè)定,巧妙地擺脫了語言線性的制約(尤其在話語銜接和語言邏輯上),真正實(shí)現(xiàn)了話語的非線性敘述,話語可以在表述中任意中斷、跳轉(zhuǎn)、恢復(fù),從而更好地服務(wù)于人類的非線性思維。這是本文的核心觀點(diǎn)。從這一核心出發(fā),我們通過語料分析,總結(jié)出吐槽語篇的六個重要特征,即被鏈的自由性、正文的獨(dú)立性、吐槽鏈的單向性、正文的被動性與槽點(diǎn)的生成、吐槽語對正文的回應(yīng)期待、話語角色的多樣性。在鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)的形式上,我們歸納出三個類型：單點(diǎn)對單點(diǎn)的鏈接、單點(diǎn)對多點(diǎn)的鏈接和多層嵌套式鏈接。 第三章,歸納作為被鏈的吐槽語的類型。 傳統(tǒng)的吐槽主要表達(dá)“荒謬-揭露”的對立關(guān)系,而動漫雜志的吐槽語內(nèi)容則更加豐富多樣,左右著語義支線與語義主線的關(guān)系,直接影響語篇的表意效果。參考會話分析的等級選擇概念,我們將吐槽語分為合意吐槽語與不合意吐槽語,分別歸納其特征,并結(jié)合具體語料分出下屬的小類。其中,不合意吐槽語具有揭露性,包含否定式吐槽語和質(zhì)疑式吐槽語,是吐槽語中的典型類；而合意吐槽語主要表達(dá)贊同、順應(yīng)、補(bǔ)充,主要功能在于擴(kuò)展正文信息,輔助正文說明。 第四章,結(jié)合視域融合理論,探討吐槽語三大功能如何實(shí)現(xiàn)。 結(jié)合吐槽語的形式和內(nèi)容,我們分別從文本、作者和讀者的角度探討吐槽語的功能。文本的激活,一方面在于鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)為正文展開了附加信息,另一方面在于讀者出現(xiàn)在文本中的作用；語域的拓展,主要在于吐槽者角色的無限分化；對讀者的啟發(fā),源于吐槽語對讀者經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得的幫助,我們主要討論否定式和質(zhì)疑式吐槽語怎樣啟發(fā)了讀者。在此基礎(chǔ)上,我們從視域融合視角對吐槽語功能的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式進(jìn)行了總結(jié),討論了視域融合對讀者閱讀經(jīng)驗(yàn)提升的意義。 第五章結(jié)語,總結(jié)本文的主要觀點(diǎn)及研究的不足。 總之,本文重在探討吐槽語鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)對語篇表述和讀者閱讀的意義。本文的原創(chuàng)性首先在于,發(fā)現(xiàn)了吐槽語這一實(shí)現(xiàn)了話語非線性的表達(dá)形式,并探得其實(shí)現(xiàn)的手段；其次在于,通過多角度對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)吐槽語的獨(dú)特性質(zhì),分別從鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)的形式和被鏈的吐槽語內(nèi)容兩方面,探討它在表述中的作用；第三在于,發(fā)現(xiàn)吐槽語在語篇層面的三大功能,并結(jié)合視域融合理論對讀者獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)的過程進(jìn)行了哲學(xué)闡釋學(xué)的提升。
[Abstract]:As a kind of speech activity from anime art in Japan , it is more and more widely used in the context of Chinese language . The purpose of this paper is to reveal the absurd nature of the target . The aim of this paper is to reveal the absurd of the target . The aim of this paper is to reveal the absurd of the target . The study of " puke - trough " refers to the expression of the relevant discourse or positive or negative opinion in a relatively independent discourse . It is a kind of flexible and creative emerging discourse form . Compared with the non - verbal discourse , it can better serve the non - linear and corresponding reading needs of human thinking , but this phenomenon is not yet attracted by the academic circle .

In this paper , we find out that the essence of spit - up language is a non - linear form of discourse , which contains link structure . We have clarified the formation process of spit - up language and its link structure from the source , and make its original exposition of its significance .
Through the comparative analysis , the characteristics of the channel - speaking text are summarized , and the form types and the types of the channel - up language are summarized .
On this basis , it is found that the channel language has three functions : the activation of the text , the expansion of the language domain and the inspiration to the reader ;
In combination with the form and content of the tongue - puff language , we have demonstrated the process of implementing channel - speaking function based on the theory of visual field fusion .

This article is divided into five chapters , each section contains as follows :

The first chapter introduces the object of research , defines the concept , introduces the research situation and relevant theories , and puts forward the research value of this paper and defines the source of corpus .

In the academic circle , the research on the form of the new discourse is almost blank , and there are only a few articles on the new word " spit - up " . In this paper , we study the speech act as a communicative and productive speech act , and discuss its value in discourse and discourse structure , so it will be applied to two theories : the link structure theory of discourse and the theory of visual domain fusion .

In the second chapter , the link structure of spit - up language is fully analyzed , which is the center of gravity of this paper .

In this paper , the author summarizes six important characteristics of the discourse , namely , the freedom of the text , the independence of the text , the orientation of the spout chain , the passive and the formation of the text , the response to the text , and the diversity of the discourse role . In the form of link structure , we conclude three types : single point to single point link , single point to multipoint link and multi - layer nested link .

In the third chapter , the type of the channel to be used as the chain is summed up .

This paper introduces the relation between semantic branch line and semantic main line , and directly affects the meaning effect of discourse analysis .
The main function lies in extending body information and auxiliary text description .

In chapter 4 , combining the theory of visual field fusion , the paper discusses how to realize the three functions of puke - speaking language .

Combined with the form and content of the tongue - puff language , we discuss the function of the tongue - up language from the point of view of the text , the author and the reader , respectively . The activation of the text lies in that the link structure develops additional information for the text , and on the other hand , the role of the reader in the text ;
The development of word - domain mainly lies in the infinite differentiation of the role of the Tutor ;
From the perspective of visual field , we summarize how to realize the function of the tongue and mouth , and discuss the significance of the integration of the video domain to the reader ' s reading experience .

The fifth chapter summarizes the main viewpoints and shortcomings of this paper .

In short , this paper discusses the meaning of discourse structure to discourse representation and reader ' s reading . The originality of this paper is to find out the expression form of discourse nonlinearity and the means to realize it .
Secondly , through the multi - angle contrast , it is found that the unique properties of the spit - up language , from the form of the link structure and the content of the channel - speaking contents of the chain , discuss its role in the expression .
The third is to find out the three functions in discourse level , and combine the theory of visual field fusion to promote the readers ' experience .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136

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