本文選題：漢語　切入點：關系從句　出處：《大連理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：漢語不同于拼音文字,在詞匯、語法等很多方面與英語等語言存在差異,一些西語中的語言規(guī)則不能在漢語中同樣適用。在大多數(shù)語言中,對于關系從句的研究結果表明主語關系從句比賓語關系從句更容易理解,即主語關系從句的加工優(yōu)勢,但這種普遍存在的主語從句的加工優(yōu)勢在漢語中受到了挑戰(zhàn)。對于漢語中主語關系從句和賓語關系從句的加工優(yōu)勢的的爭議也一直無定論。 本研究使用事件相關電位(ERP)技術對漢語中主語關系從句和賓語關系從句的加工進行比較分析。通過兩個事件相關電位實驗設計,研究了兩類關系從句在理解難度上的差異。同時,通過控制從句中兩個論元的生命性,本研究還探討了生命性信息對關系從句加工的影響。 實驗一采用的刺激句中從句動詞的兩個論元均為生命性名詞,目的是研究主語關系從句與賓語關系從句的加工差異。實驗結果顯示,兩類關系從句在從句區(qū)域表現(xiàn)出顯著的差異性。主語關系從句誘發(fā)更大的ERP振幅,因此更難理解。但是,在關系標志“的”以及中心語的位置沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)兩類從句存在差異。賓語關系從句在主句動詞位置誘發(fā)比主語關系從句稍大的P600成分,因此更難加工 實驗二控制了從句動詞的論元生命性,刺激句中從句主語為生命性名詞,從句賓語為非生命性名詞。在關系從句標志“的”以及“的”之前的關系從句區(qū)域,主語關系從句都顯示出更大的ERP波形,比賓語關系從句更難加工。但是,在中心語和主句動詞位置,實驗結果顯示賓語關系從句更難加工。賓語關系從句引發(fā)的這一理解難度符合視角轉換理論的假設,原因在于非生命性名詞更少作為句子中心語出現(xiàn)。 通過比較兩個實驗的結果,本研究證明生命性信息有助于論元角色的指派,因而影響關系從句的加工。論元生命性差異使得角色的指派更加容易,并且改變了主語關系從句和賓語關系從句的加工難度差異。在一些詞語區(qū)域它降低了從句的加工難度,而在另一些區(qū)域則增加了加工難度。兩個實驗的結果證明了生命性信息對漢語從句加工的重要作用,即在加工一開始生命性就被作為閱讀者理解句意的重要線索。
[Abstract]:Chinese is different from phonetic characters in many aspects, such as vocabulary, grammar and so on. Some western language rules can not be applied in Chinese. In most languages, The results of the research on the relative clauses show that the subject-relation clauses are easier to understand than the object relative clauses, that is, the processing advantages of the subject-relational clauses. However, the processing advantage of this common subject-clause sentence has been challenged in Chinese, and the controversy over the processing advantage of subject-relation clause and object-related clause in Chinese has been inconclusive. This study uses the event-related potential (ERP) technique to compare and analyze the processing of subject-related clauses and object-related clauses in Chinese. This paper studies the differences in understanding difficulty between the two kinds of relative clauses and discusses the influence of life information on the processing of relational clauses by controlling the livability of two arguments in clauses. In experiment one, the two arguments of the verb in the stimulus sentence are both life nouns. The purpose of the experiment is to study the processing difference between the subject-relation clause and the object relative clause. There are significant differences between the two types of relative clauses in the clause region. The subject-relational clause induces a larger ERP amplitude and is therefore more difficult to understand. There is no difference between the two kinds of clauses in the position of the relation marker "" and the head. The object relation clause induces a slightly larger P600 component than the subject-relation clause in the position of the subject verb, so it is more difficult to process. Experiment 2 controls the argument life of the verb in the clause, the subject of the stimulus sentence is the life noun, the object of the clause is the inanimate noun. The subject-relative clauses show larger ERP waveforms, which are more difficult to process than the object-related clauses. The experimental results show that the object relative clause is more difficult to process, and the difficulty of understanding the object relation clause is consistent with the hypothesis of perspective shift theory, because inanimate nouns appear less as the central sentence. By comparing the results of the two experiments, this study proves that life information is helpful to the assignment of argument roles, thus affecting the processing of relative clauses. It also changes the difficulty difference between the subject relation clause and the object relation clause. In some word regions, it reduces the processing difficulty of the clause. The results of two experiments show that the vital information plays an important role in the processing of Chinese clauses, that is, it is regarded as an important clue for readers to understand the meaning of sentences from the beginning of processing.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146.3

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本文編號：1674847