本文選題：銜接　切入點(diǎn)：指示照應(yīng)　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：文化交流對當(dāng)今社會的發(fā)展已然起著越來越重要的作用。它不僅有助于加深國內(nèi)外人民之間的相互理解，在一定程度上也會促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展。然而，多數(shù)大眾由于受各方面條件的制約無法親身體驗(yàn)國外文化，電影便成為其了解國外文化的一種重要媒介。據(jù)官方統(tǒng)計，2011年中國電影票房總收益約131.15億元人民幣，其中由美國引入的20余部電影占據(jù)了37%的票房收益。2012年2月審批的雙邊貿(mào)易協(xié)議規(guī)定中國每年將增加引進(jìn)14部美國電影。然而，多數(shù)大眾因不精通英語所以需要依賴翻譯去理解原版電影對白。為確保大眾能更好地理解電影對白，翻譯中需要采用多種語篇銜接手段。指示照應(yīng)便是最常采用的銜接手段之一。 本篇論文以韓禮德和哈桑提出的指示照應(yīng)系統(tǒng)為理論基礎(chǔ)，以英文電影《傲慢與偏見》及其中文譯本和中文電影《非誠勿擾》及其英文譯本為研究語料，采用定量和定性相結(jié)合的研究方法，對中英文電影對白中的指示照應(yīng)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的描述性對比分析。 韓禮德和哈桑的指示照應(yīng)系統(tǒng)將指示詞劃分為三種，，即指示代詞、指示性副詞和定冠詞。英語中指示代詞包括this、these、that和those，指示性副詞包括here、there、now和then，定冠詞即指the；漢語中基本的指示代詞包括這、這些、那和那些，指示性副詞包括這兒、那兒、這時和那時，漢語中不存在與英語定冠詞the相對應(yīng)的成分。本論文試圖從語篇銜接的角度對英漢影視對白中的上述指示詞進(jìn)行描述性對比分析，發(fā)掘其相同及不同之處，并對其不同進(jìn)行歸因。 本論文得出英漢影視對白中的指示照應(yīng)的相同點(diǎn)主要包括：（1）this和這均可用于外指、回指和預(yù)指來指稱發(fā)話者提到的人或事物，其所指對象的實(shí)際或心理位置常距離發(fā)話者較近；these和這些是其復(fù)數(shù)形式，語篇銜接功能與this和這相同；（2）that和那均可用于外指和回指來指稱會話另一方所提及的人或事物，其所指對象的實(shí)際或心理位置通常距離發(fā)話者較遠(yuǎn)；those和那些是其復(fù)數(shù)形式，語篇銜接功能與that和那相同；（3）here和這兒通常用于外指和回指來指稱某人或事物的空間位置，也可用于預(yù)指來指稱發(fā)話者即將說的一段話，其所指對象一般距離發(fā)話者較近；there和那兒僅用于外指和回指來指稱某人或事物的空間位置，其所指對象一般距離發(fā)話者較遠(yuǎn)；（4）now和這時、then和那時常用于外指和回指來指稱某件事情或行為發(fā)生的時間，前者所指對象一般距離發(fā)話者較近，后者所指對象一般距離發(fā)話者較遠(yuǎn)。 其不同之處主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：（1）在英文語篇中，that常用來回指發(fā)話者或會話另一方所說過的話以對其作出評價，而在相同情況下，漢語卻一般用這，或采用其他銜接手段，如省略、重復(fù)、替代等；（2）英文語篇常采用人稱代詞it來回指前文提到的任意一段篇章，這可以是某個事實(shí)或行為，而漢語在同樣語境下常采用指示代詞這；（3）英文指示性副詞here和there可用于回指會話另一方所說過的話，而漢語中的這兒和那兒卻不具備這種銜接功能；（4）英語語篇中存在一個中立性的定冠詞the，它可以用于外指、回指和預(yù)指，而漢語中卻不存在行使類似功能的詞語成分，相同語境下漢語一般采用指示代詞這、這些、那、那些，以及零式特指語。本論文將以上指示照應(yīng)的不同之處歸因于以下兩點(diǎn)：首先，英語重形合，注重結(jié)構(gòu)完整和顯性銜接；漢語重意合，注重以意役形和隱形連貫；其次，與英語指示詞相比，漢語指示詞的使用更易受實(shí)際或心理距離的影響。
[Abstract]:The cultural exchange of today's social development has played a more and more important role. It not only helps to deepen mutual understanding between the people at home and abroad, to a certain extent, will promote the development of economy. However, the most popular being restricted by various factors to experience foreign culture, the film will become its understanding an important medium of foreign culture. According to official statistics, 2011 China movie box office total revenue of about 13 billion 115 million yuan, of which by the United States introduced more than 20 films accounted for 37% of the box office receipts in February.2012 approval of the bilateral trade agreement Chinese year will increase the introduction of 14 American film. However, the majority of the public does not proficient in English so dependent on translation to understand the original movie dialogues. In order to ensure the public to better understand the movie dialogue, using a variety of means of discourse cohesion to translation. According to instructions It is one of the most commonly used means of cohesion.
This thesis presents a reference system by Hallidy and Hassan as the theoretical basis, to English film "Pride and Prejudice" and Chinese versions and Chinese < > and English If You Are The One movie versions of the corpus, adopting the research method of combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, descriptive comparison of demonstrative reference English in film dialogues.
Hallidy and Hassan reference system will indicate the word is divided into three kinds, namely demonstrative pronouns, adverbs and definite indicative pronouns. Including this, these in English, that and those, including here there, indicative of adverbs, now and then, the definite article refers to the; Chinese basic demonstratives include this these, and those, the indicative, including adverbs here, there and then, then, were not found in Chinese and English definite article corresponding to the the. This paper attempts from the perspective of cohesion of the demonstratives in English and Chinese movie dialogue in descriptive and comparative analysis, to explore the similarities and differences, and on the different attribution.
The same point this thesis draws Reference English Chinese film in the dialogues include: (1) this and it can be used for reference, anaphora and pre refers to people or things to refer to the speaker mentioned, it refers to the actual or psychological position often distance speaker near; and these are the plural these the form of discourse cohesion function and this and the same; (2) that and it can be used for reference and anaphora refers to the other party session mentioned by the people or things, it refers to the actual or psychological position is usually far distance speaker; those and those is the plural form of language. The cohesion function and that and the same; (3) here and here is usually used for outer and anaphora to refer to someone or something in space position, can also be used to refer to the pre speaker said in a statement, the speaker generally refers to the object distance near; and there only for there To refer to someone or something to refer to the space position, the object pointed to by the general speaker distance away; (4) now and then then, and then used to reference and anaphora refers to something happens or action time, the former refers to the general distance closer to the speaker, the latter the object refers to the speaker general distance is far away.
The differences are mainly manifested in the following aspects: (1) in the English discourse, that refers to the speaker or the session and the other party said in order to make the evaluation, and in the same situation, but with the Chinese general, or by other means such as cohesion, repetition, ellipsis, substitution; (2) English discourse often uses the pronoun refers to any previously mentioned it and a chapter, this is a fact or behavior, but also in the Chinese context often uses demonstrative pronouns this; (3) English indicative adverb here and there can be used to refer to the other party session said here, while in Chinese there and do not have the cohesive function; (4) there is a neutral the definite article in English discourse, it can be used for reference, anaphora and cataphora, while in Chinese, but not in the exercise of the similar function words into Chinese context, the same general The demonstrative pronouns this, that, these, those, and zero refers to language. The differences above reference attributed to the following two points: first, English Hypotaxis, focus on the structural integrity and explicit cohesion; Chinese parataxis, pay attention to the meaning of service form and implicit coherence; secondly, compared with English demonstratives, Chinese demonstratives are more susceptible to actual or psychological distance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H315;H15

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