本文選題：不是N的N　切入點：構式　出處：《揚州大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文的研究對象是現(xiàn)代漢語中的一個結構“不是N的N”。本文從“構式語法”的角度對該結構進行描寫與解釋,試圖從結構、語義、功能三個角度對“不是N的N”進行分析,得出進入該結構“N”的限制條件,并嘗試從認知、隱喻和語用的角度對“不是N的N”結構的形成做出解釋。 首先,對“不是N的N”的結構組成成分進行分析,從結構的非可派生性、結構的非可推性及結構的相對固定性三個方面對結構“不是N的N”進行構式判定,并根據(jù)語境歸納出“不是N的N”的構式義為：無N之名,有N之實。本文對進入結構的“N”從音節(jié)、結構類型和語義角度進行了分類。將“N”按照音節(jié)分類,可進入該結構的“N”的類別有：單音節(jié)名詞、雙音節(jié)名詞和多音節(jié)名詞,其中,雙音節(jié)名詞占優(yōu)。將“N”按結構類型分類,可進入該結構的“N”的主要類型有：偏正結構、聯(lián)合結構。將“N”按照語義分類,可進入結構的“N”類別有：抽象名詞、歧義名詞、稱謂名詞、集合名詞、同義名詞和身體器官名詞。6類中,抽象名詞和歧義名詞進入“不是N的N”占優(yōu)。本文還將“不是N的N”與相關結構進行了簡要對比。 其次,本文從句法和語義角度對結構“不是N的N”進行了分析。從句法角度看,“不是N的N”在旬中擔任主語和賓語。其中,結構作賓語占優(yōu)勢。該結構也可單獨作標題�！安皇荖的N”可進入的旬類有：陳述句、問句和感嘆句。結構中兩個N意義范疇不同。“N1”是指N的外延義,“N2”指N的內涵義。兩個N的指稱義也不同,N1是有指性的。N2是無指性的�！安皇荖的N”結構本身具有主觀性、非典型義、強調性和模糊性等語義特征。 最后,從認知、隱喻和語用的角度對構式“不是N的N”的成因進行分析。從認知角度來看,人類對于“不是N的N”的認知依賴于人類自身對于“N”的認知�！安皇荖的N”含有比較義,因此具有一定的隱喻功能。這種隱喻功能符合人對事物的認知,是對人類思維的一種印證,也是語義和語法的互競的結果。構式與語用關系緊密,語用也是“不是N的N”結構形成的原因之一�！安皇荖的N”符合語用中的語言的經(jīng)濟性、語言的主觀性和言語創(chuàng)新的需要。 本文從形式出發(fā)著重對意義進行探究,從結構出發(fā)著重對功能進行考察。同時,結合多種理論,從多個角度對結構進行考察。本文對結構“不是N的N”做出了較為系統(tǒng)、全面的總結,希望通過本文能加深對現(xiàn)代漢語中一些固定結構的認識。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is a structure "not N of N" in modern Chinese. This paper describes and interprets the structure from the angle of "construction grammar", and attempts to analyze "N not of N" from three angles of structure, semantics and function. The restrictive conditions of entering the structure "N" are obtained, and the formation of "not N of N" structure is explained from cognitive, metaphorical and pragmatic perspectives. First of all, the structural composition of "N is not N" is analyzed, and the structure "N is not N" is determined from three aspects: the non-distributive nature of the structure, the non-pushability of the structure and the relative fixation of the structure. The construction meaning of "N is not N" is summed up according to the context: "N" has the name of "N" and "N" is true. "N" is classified in terms of syllable, structural type and semantics. "N" is classified according to syllable, and "N" is classified according to syllable. The categories of "N" that can enter the structure are: monosyllabic nouns, disyllabic nouns and polysyllabic nouns, of which the disyllabic nouns are dominant. Joint structure. The categories of "N" that can be entered into the structure by semantic classification are: abstract nouns, ambiguous nouns, appellation nouns, collective nouns, synonymous nouns and body organs noun classes .6, Abstract nouns and ambiguous nouns are predominated by "N is not N". This paper also briefly compares "N not N" with related structures. Secondly, this paper analyzes the structure "N is not N" from syntactic and semantic angles. From the syntactic point of view, "N not N" acts as subject and object in ten days. Structure is the dominant object. The structure can also be used as a separate title. "N other than N" can be entered into the following categories: declarative sentences, Questions and exclamatory sentences. Two N meaning categories are different in structure. "N1" refers to the denotation of N, "N2" refers to the connotative meaning of N, and the referential meanings of two N are also different. N1 is referential. N2 is apocalyptic. The "N not N" structure itself is subjective. Semantic features such as atypical meaning, emphasis and fuzziness. Finally, from the cognitive, metaphorical and pragmatic perspectives, the causes of the construction of "not N" are analyzed. Human cognition of "N is not N" depends on the cognition of "N". "N is not N" has comparative meaning, so it has a certain metaphorical function. This metaphorical function accords with human cognition of things. Construction is closely related to pragmatics, and pragmatics is one of the reasons for the formation of "not N's N" structure. "not N's N" conforms to the economy of language in pragmatics. The subjectivity of language and the need of language innovation. This paper explores meaning from form and function from structure. At the same time, combined with various theories, it examines structure from many angles. This paper makes a systematic study on structure "N is not N". A comprehensive summary, I hope this paper can deepen the understanding of some fixed structures in modern Chinese.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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