本文選題：今文《尚書》　切入點(diǎn)：古文《尚書》　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：專書詞匯研究是構(gòu)建漢語詞匯史框架的重要基礎(chǔ),深入研究漢語詞匯發(fā)展史,需要首先進(jìn)行專書的詞匯研究�！渡袝肥俏覈钤绲囊徊繗v史文獻(xiàn)匯編,儒家將其尊為“群經(jīng)之首”。它與甲骨文、金文屬同一時期的語言材料,是研究上古漢語詞匯的珍貴語料。古文《尚書》是今文《尚書》的重要補(bǔ)充,有很高的史料價值。本文將今文《尚書》與古文《尚書》一并作為研究文本,對復(fù)音單純詞進(jìn)行窮盡性的語料統(tǒng)計和系統(tǒng)的描寫,對復(fù)音單純詞的特點(diǎn)和發(fā)展規(guī)律進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),力求為今古文《尚書》詞匯研究拓展新的轄域,為漢語詞匯史的研究提供新的語料和理論參考。 今古文《尚書》復(fù)音詞單純詞可以分為三類：聯(lián)綿詞、重言詞和附音詞。 今古文《尚書》凡18個聯(lián)綿詞,其中動詞聯(lián)綿詞數(shù)量最多。論文從“詞義單一”、“字形多樣”和“聲、韻、調(diào)相關(guān)”三個方面對今古文《尚書》的聯(lián)綿詞逐一進(jìn)行考證和訓(xùn)解,探討聯(lián)綿詞的特性,力求勾勒今古文《尚書》中聯(lián)綿詞的語言面貌,演繹其個性特征。 本文提出“單純重言詞”的概念,將其與“合成重言詞”對舉。文章對今古文《尚書》同形疊音語言現(xiàn)象研究的路徑為：收集同形疊音語料→剔除詞組(短語)→剔除合成重言詞,析出單純重言詞→對單純重言詞進(jìn)行分析,通過這樣逐層篩選、考辯、分析、獲得目標(biāo)語料的過程,全面、詳細(xì)地認(rèn)識今古文《尚書》中的重言詞的全貌,獲取準(zhǔn)確的單純詞語料,并對單純重言詞的詞匯性質(zhì)、語義特點(diǎn)和語用功能進(jìn)分析。今古文《尚書》中的具有同形疊音特征的語料共54個,其中單純重言詞15個,它們具有數(shù)量少、能產(chǎn)性低、語義單一、詞性單一四個特點(diǎn)。 今古文《尚書》沒有后附音節(jié)的附音詞,只有以“有”字作為前附音節(jié)的“有字式”附音詞�！坝小弊质礁揭粼~共計47個,97見,其中名詞數(shù)量最多,形容詞和動詞極少。“有”字只是一個附著音節(jié),起到補(bǔ)足音節(jié)的作用,用與不用不改變詞性詞義,在句法功能方面也不產(chǎn)生任何影響。 今古文《尚書》復(fù)音單純詞在詞類詞性構(gòu)成上既有共性特征又有個性特點(diǎn)。今文《尚書》復(fù)音單純詞在構(gòu)成與詞性分布方面的(數(shù)量)情況是：附音詞聯(lián)綿詞單純重言詞,名詞動詞形容詞；古文《尚書》復(fù)音單純詞在構(gòu)成和詞性分布方面是：附音詞單純重言詞聯(lián)綿詞,名詞形容詞動詞。古文《尚書》與今文《尚書》的對比結(jié)果顯示,古文《尚書》中復(fù)音單純詞的數(shù)量少,使用頻率極低,詞性分布極不平衡。今古文《尚書》復(fù)音單純詞的這些發(fā)展變化,表明語音構(gòu)詞法能產(chǎn)力低,產(chǎn)生的復(fù)音單純詞生命力弱。漢語詞匯復(fù)音化需要符合漢語發(fā)展規(guī)律和基本原則。 本文研究方法：對各小類單純詞的古今概念異同進(jìn)行梳理,運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)知識明確界定復(fù)音單純詞；窮盡性地統(tǒng)計語例,采取定量分析和定性分析法對今古文《尚書》中的復(fù)音單純詞進(jìn)行分析；運(yùn)用分析與比較相結(jié)合、描寫與解釋相結(jié)合的方法,對語例進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的考證與辨析,歸納出單純詞的特點(diǎn)與屬性；運(yùn)用歷時比較的方法找出詞匯變化發(fā)展的規(guī)律。此外,本文還運(yùn)用了圖表法對統(tǒng)計結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比說明。
[Abstract]:Vocabulary study of special book history of Chinese vocabulary is an important foundation to build a framework, in-depth study of the history of Chinese vocabulary, need a book to study words. Shangshu is a compilation of historical documents on China's earliest Confucian, its respect for the group after the first. It is the same with Oracle, Jin Wen a period of language materials, is a precious corpus study of ancient Chinese vocabulary. Ancient Chinese prose is an important supplement to this < Shangshu > > < Shangshu, has a very high historical value. The < > and < Shangshu Jinwen Shangshu > ancient as well as research text, corpus statistics and system exhaustive description of polysyllabic words and the characteristics and rules of development of the disyllabic words are summarized, seeks to expand the scope of new to this ancient book < > vocabulary research, provide new data and theoretical reference for the study of the history of Chinese vocabulary.
This ancient book < > polysyllabic words chanchunci can be divided into three categories: binome words, words and tone words of tautology.
This ancient book of < > where 18 binome words, of which the number of verb binome words most. From the "single meaning", "" diversity "and" sound, rhyme and tone "three aspects of this ancient book < > binome words one by one research and training solutions, to explore the characteristics of binome words, force for the outline of this ancient language in the word > < Shang Mian, interpretation of their individual characteristics.
This paper proposes a concept of "pure reduplicated words", and "the synthesis of reduplicated words" to give. The path of this ancient book with < > type of language phenomenon study: collect the same form, excluding the phrase corpus type (phrases), excluding the synthesis of reduplicated words, simple words, precipitation of pure tautology reduplicated word, through this filter, debate, analysis, process, target language comprehensive, detailed understanding of this ancient book of < > reduplicated words of picture, get accurate and simple material words, lexical properties of simple reduplicated words, semantic features and pragmatic functions in this ancient analysis. "Has the same shape > Book features a total of 54 type of data, including simple reduplicated words 15, they have less amount of productivity is low, the single semantic, single POS four characteristics.
This ancient book without words of < > attached syllable, only to have "as of syllable" word "of words." "in the words of a total of 47 words, 97, of which the largest number of nouns, adjectives and verbs are rare." "just an attachment to complement syllables, syllables, and do not change the part of speech meaning, also do not have any effect on the syntactic function.
This ancient book < > chanchunci and personality characteristics in the polysyllabic lexical category part of speech similarities. This book < distribution and POS > polysyllabic words in the composition (quantity) is attached words binomes pure reduplicated words, nouns and verbs and adjectives; ancient words in Shangshu > < disyllabic and POS the distribution is of sound words simply repeated words binome words, noun adjective verb. < > and comparison of ancient Shu Jinwen Shangshu > < the results show that the number of < > in ancient Shang polysyllabic simple words of less, use frequency is very low, POS distribution is extremely. This ancient book < > the development of polysyllabic words that voice changes, word formation productivity is low, the weak vitality. Disyllabic Chinese vocabulary words need to conform to the law of the development of Chinese language and basic principles.
This research method: the similarities and differences of ancient and modern concept of different types of single morpheme words out, using modern linguistic knowledge to clearly define the disyllabic single morpheme words exhaustive statistics; language cases, adopt quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of this ancient book in polysyllabic words < > analysis; application analysis combined with the method of combining description and comparison. Explain, to analysis and Research on the detailed examples, summarizes the features and attributes of simple words; by using the method of comparison to find out the rules of the development of vocabulary change. In addition, the paper also uses the method of chart statistical results were compared.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H13

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