本文關(guān)鍵詞： 仿擬 本體 仿體 認(rèn)知參照點(diǎn) 圖形-背景理論 RPFG理論框架　出處：《河南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究以漢語(yǔ)仿擬這一語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象為考察對(duì)象，研究其意義和形式建構(gòu)及解讀機(jī)制。 漢語(yǔ)仿擬與英語(yǔ)的“parody”是有區(qū)別的，但為了方便起見(jiàn)，本文采用了“parody”這一詞。仿擬是一種很特別的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,其使用廣泛又獨(dú)具特色。仿擬是仿照某一現(xiàn)成的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象而擬創(chuàng)出一種新的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象的一種修辭手段，像“貧二代、拆二代’；‘閑妻良母’；‘橫眉冷對(duì)親父母，俯首甘為女子�！弧z頭誠(chéng)可貴，包子價(jià)更高；若有燒排骨，兩者皆可拋’”等等，它可以是字、詞、段、篇等各種形式。事實(shí)上，仿擬是由本體和仿體兩部分組成，本體是指已存在的被模仿的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象而仿體是指通過(guò)仿照本體創(chuàng)造出的新的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象，例如“貧二代、拆二代”是仿體而流行語(yǔ)“富二代”是其本體。但本體的選擇不是隨意的，必須是既定的廣為人知的一種言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象，像流行語(yǔ)、流行歌曲、成語(yǔ)、俗語(yǔ)、著名的詩(shī)歌、熟悉的對(duì)聯(lián)、說(shuō)明書(shū)、報(bào)告書(shū)等，否則仿擬不被識(shí)別而達(dá)不到交際效果。 仿擬中的仿體是在本體的基礎(chǔ)上創(chuàng)新生成的一種言語(yǔ)，其表達(dá)是打破常規(guī)思維習(xí)慣的，但依舊能被人們所接受。既然仿體是一種打破常規(guī)的語(yǔ)言表述，為什么它還能被大家識(shí)別并廣為接受呢，其中隱藏在這語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象背后的認(rèn)知機(jī)制是什么，這激起了作者對(duì)這一語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象的進(jìn)一步研究。 在認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論背景下，本文在圖形-背景理論及蘭蓋克的參照點(diǎn)關(guān)系理論的基礎(chǔ)上嘗試提出了一個(gè)RPFG理論框架。在此理論框架下，仿擬可分為本體圖形和本體背景，仿體圖形和仿體背景，仿擬圖形和仿擬背景；其中本體是認(rèn)知仿體的參照點(diǎn)，而參照點(diǎn)的選擇和變化是通過(guò)激活人們頭腦中圖形-背景分離的認(rèn)知模型得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。在仿擬的解讀過(guò)程中，首先人們熟知的本體在人們的知識(shí)體系中成為感知的圖形凸顯出來(lái)而被選作參照點(diǎn)，它可激活其轄域中的任何概念，被激活的目標(biāo)成為焦點(diǎn)被凸顯，而后又被選作為參照點(diǎn)激活下一目標(biāo)，依次下去，直至仿體的出現(xiàn)，被激活的仿體便成為凸顯的圖形。同時(shí)仿體中不同于本體的那部分被凸顯出來(lái)，成為人們感知上的圖形，而其余部分成為背景。但仿體的意義只有在參照本體的意義的基礎(chǔ)上才能被識(shí)解。本文還通過(guò)具體實(shí)例對(duì)三種不同類(lèi)型的仿擬進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。最后本文總結(jié)如下： 一，通過(guò)分析,本文發(fā)現(xiàn)仿擬由本體和仿體兩部分組成，本體指已存在的被模仿的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象;仿體指通過(guò)仿照本體創(chuàng)造出的新的言語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象。 二，，通過(guò)對(duì)仿擬解讀機(jī)制的分析，本文將仿擬的解讀過(guò)程看成是形式到意義的認(rèn)知過(guò)程，其過(guò)程可分為三步：本體的識(shí)解，仿體形式的建構(gòu)；仿體意義的建構(gòu)。本體是認(rèn)知仿體的參照點(diǎn)，參照點(diǎn)自身在人們的認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)中具有凸顯性，使人們能選擇仿體相對(duì)應(yīng)的本體作為參照點(diǎn)，通過(guò)激活一個(gè)個(gè)的目標(biāo)最終達(dá)到認(rèn)知的仿體，最終仿體的意義要在本體意義的基礎(chǔ)才能得以理解。 三，本文在參照點(diǎn)關(guān)系理論及圖形背景理論的基礎(chǔ)上提出了一個(gè)RPFG理論框架，并將其用于分析漢語(yǔ)仿擬現(xiàn)象的研究中，證實(shí)了這一理論框架的解釋力。
[Abstract]:In this study, Chinese parody of this linguistic phenomenon as the research object, study its form and meaning construction and interpretation of the mechanism.
Chinese and English Parody "Parody" there is a difference, but for the sake of convenience, we use the word "Parody". The parody is a special language phenomenon, which is widely used and unique. Parody is modeled a ready-made language phenomenon to a rhetorical means creating a new the phenomenon of speech, like "poor two generations, two generations removed"; "free" Hengmeilengdui; wife mother 'parents, head bowed as a woman of cattle ";" Steamed Buns precious, steamed stuffed bun price is higher; if the spare ribs, both can throw "and so on, it can be words, words. Some articles, such as various forms. In fact, the body and the phantom parody is composed of two parts, the body is to imitate the language phenomenon existing and imitation is a new language phenomenon by imitating the ontology created, such as" poor two generations, and two generation "phantom and the popular language" two rich generation "is the But the choice of ontology. The ontology is not arbitrary, must be a kind of language phenomenon known as established, popular language, popular songs, proverbs, idioms, famous poems, familiar with the report and other instructions, antithetical couplet, otherwise, parody is not recognized and not up to the effect of communication.
The phantom is a parody of speech production innovation based on ontology, its expression is break the normal procedure habits, but still can be accepted by people. Since the phantom is a language why break the normal procedure, it could still be identified and widely accepted, the hidden cognitive mechanism behind this phenomenon is what, it aroused the further research of this language phenomenon.
In the background of the theory of cognitive linguistics, this paper in terms of figure ground theory and blue reference point relationship on the basis of the theory attempts to propose a RPFG framework. In this framework, parody can be divided into ontology and ontology graphic background, phantom graphics and phantom background, parody parody graphics and background; the body is the reference point of cognitive imitation, and refer to the choice and change point through the activation of cognitive model - isolate the background image in the minds of people can be realized. In the process of interpretation of parody, first known as the ontology in the knowledge system of people's perception of the graphics become highlighted and was chosen as the reference point. It can activate any concept of the scope of the activated target focus is highlighted, and then was chosen as a reference point for the activation of the next target, in turn, until the appearance of phantom, phantom becomes activated At the same time. Prominent graphic phantom is different from that part of the body is highlighted, become people's sense of graphics, and the rest as the background. But the phantom meaning only based on reference ontology sense can be construal through concrete examples. The paper also carried out a detailed analysis on the three different the type of parody. At the end of this paper are summarized as follows:
Through the analysis, this paper found a parody by ontology and phantom is composed of two parts, the body is to imitate the language phenomenon existing; phantom by means of new language phenomenon created. Modeled on the body
Two, through the analysis of the mechanism of the interpretation of parody, interpretation of parody as a cognitive process to form meaning, the process can be divided into three steps: ontology construal, construction imitation forms; construction of phantom meaning. Ontology is a cognitive reference point phantom, its prominence in the the cognitive structure of people's point of reference, so that people can choose the imitation corresponding to the ontology as a reference point, through the activation of the goal of reaching the final phantom cognition, phantom significance to in ontological significance to understand.
Three, this paper proposes a theoretical framework of RPFG based on reference point theory and figure ground theory, which is used for the analysis of Chinese parody, confirmed the theoretical framework of explanatory power.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H15

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本文編號(hào)：1474487