本文關(guān)鍵詞： 英語陳述句 漢語陳述句 韻律結(jié)構(gòu) 3T理論 二語英語陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)習得　出處：《江蘇科技大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：韻律學已經(jīng)成為語言最重要的特征之一并且在口語中極為重要。英漢陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)的研究是非常有價值的，并且這個研究能夠更好的為教學服務。本文是對英漢陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)的對比研究和對中國二語學習者英語陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)習得的研究。本研究運用3T理論（調(diào)群切分，調(diào)核位置和聲調(diào)（）Halliday,1967; Wells,2006）來分析英語標準發(fā)音人，漢語標準發(fā)音人和中國二語學習者的陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)。具體來說，本研究旨在回答以下研究問題： 1.英語陳述句的韻律結(jié)構(gòu)是什么？ 2.漢語陳述句的韻律結(jié)構(gòu)是什么？ 3.英漢陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)有哪些相似和不同之處？ 4.中國二語學習者在多大程度上可以習得英語陳述句的韻律結(jié)構(gòu)？ 本實驗的語料包括16個英語和漢語陳述句。他們被分為五個類型：簡單句，副詞句，復合句，列舉句和從句。 本實驗的研究對象包括四個英語標準發(fā)音人，四個漢語標準發(fā)音人和二十個中國二語學習者。四個英語標準發(fā)音人為來自英國劍橋大學的語言和語音學家；四個漢語標準發(fā)音人均為國家級普通話測試員，分別來自鎮(zhèn)江廣播電臺的新聞主持人和江蘇大學的漢語語言學研究員；20個中國二語學習者為來自江蘇科技大學英語專業(yè)三年級的學生。 本文研究發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果如下： 1.英語中，（i）就調(diào)群切分而言，所有英語標準發(fā)音人都會將簡單句分為一個調(diào)群，部分英語標準發(fā)音人會將列舉句也劃分為一個調(diào)群，而其他的句子類型會有兩個或以上的調(diào)群。(ii)就調(diào)核位置而言，除了副詞句和列舉句之外，英語標準發(fā)音人趨向于將調(diào)群內(nèi)最后一個詞作為調(diào)核所在。（iii）就聲調(diào)而言，英語標準發(fā)音人主要趨向于在調(diào)核上采用H*+L調(diào)，并且邊界調(diào)為平調(diào)（0%）。 2.漢語中，（i）就調(diào)群切分而言，漢語標準發(fā)音人有時候也會將陳述句切分為兩個或以上調(diào)群。(ii)就調(diào)核位置而言，除了副詞句和列舉句之外,漢語標準發(fā)音人趨向于將數(shù)詞和修飾語作為調(diào)核所在。（iii）就聲調(diào)而言，英語標準發(fā)音人趨向于在調(diào)核上采用H*+L調(diào)，并且邊界調(diào)為平調(diào)（0%），除了在列舉句中有所不同。 3.（i）英漢陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)的相似處在于：（a）就調(diào)群切分而言，英語標準發(fā)音人和漢語標準發(fā)音人都會將簡單句處理成一個調(diào)群，而會將除了列舉句之外的其他句子類型劃分為兩個或以上調(diào)群。(b)就調(diào)核位置而言，英語標準發(fā)音人和漢語標準發(fā)音人都會在副詞句和列舉句中將副詞和列舉詞作為調(diào)核所在。（c）就聲調(diào)而言，在簡單句和副詞句中，英語標準發(fā)音人和漢語標準發(fā)音人都趨向于在調(diào)核上采用H*+L調(diào)，并且在簡單句和副詞在句尾的副詞句采用平調(diào)（0%）。（ii）英漢陳述句韻律結(jié)構(gòu)的不同之處在于：（a）就調(diào)群切分而言，在列舉句中，，漢語標準發(fā)音人會將所有的列舉句都劃分為兩個或以上調(diào),英語標準發(fā)音人則不是。(b)就調(diào)核位置而言，除了副詞句和列舉句之外,英語標準發(fā)音人趨向于將調(diào)群內(nèi)的最后一個詞作為調(diào)核所在,而漢語標準發(fā)音人通常將數(shù)詞和修飾語作為調(diào)核所在。（c）就聲調(diào)而言,不同之處在于副詞句和列舉句中，根據(jù)副詞和列舉詞位置以及列舉詞數(shù)量的不同，兩種語言的聲調(diào)有所不同。 4.（i）就調(diào)群切分而言，100%的二語學習者能夠正確習得英漢陳述句的調(diào)群切分（ii）就調(diào)核位置而言，100%的二語學習者能夠正確習得調(diào)核位置。（iii）就聲調(diào)而言，96%的二語學習者能夠正確掌握英語簡單句的聲調(diào)；96.7%能夠正確掌握副詞句的聲調(diào)；71.7%能夠正確掌握復合句的聲調(diào)，只有60%和43.3%的二語學習者能夠正確掌握從句和列舉句的聲調(diào)。以上發(fā)現(xiàn)結(jié)果對英語和漢語作為第二外語的教與學提供了深刻的意義。
[Abstract]:Prosody has become one of the most important features of language and in spoken English is very important. The study of English and Chinese sentence prosodic structure is very valuable, and this study can provide much better service for teaching. This paper is a contrastive study of English and Chinese sentences prosodic structure and learning of statements in English acquisition of prosodic structure the country's two language. In this study, using the theory of 3T (tonality, tonicity and tone (Halliday), 1967; Wells, 2006) to analyze the English standard pronunciation, Chinese standard pronunciation and China two language learners declarative prosodic structure. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following research questions:
1. what is the rhythmic structure of an English declarative sentence?
2. what is the rhythmic structure of a Chinese declarative sentence?
3. what are the similarities and differences between the prosodic structures of English and Chinese declarative sentences?
4. to what extent can Chinese two language learners acquire the rhythmic structure of English declarative sentences?
The corpus of this experiment consists of 16 English and Chinese declarative sentences. They are divided into five types: simple sentences, auxiliary sentences, compound sentences, enumerated sentences and clauses.
The research object of this experiment includes four standard English pronunciation, four Chinese pronunciation and twenty China two language learners. Four English standard pronunciation of human language and speech from the University of Cambridge experts; four Chinese per capita national standard pronunciation of Mandarin testers, Chinese Linguistics researcher from Zhenjiang radio station the news anchor and the Jiangsu University; 20 Chinese two language learners from Jiangsu University of Science and Technology English Majors of the third grade students.
The findings of this paper are as follows:
1. in English (I) on tonality, all the English standard pronunciation of people will be divided into simple sentences in a tone group, part of the English standard pronunciation will list word into a tone group, while other sentence types will have two or more tone group. (II on the position of the nucleus), in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, English standard pronunciation people tend to be the last word in the tone group as the nucleus. (III) tone, English standard pronunciation mainly tend to adopt H*+L in the nucleus, and boundary tone for tone (0%).
2. Chinese, (I) on tonality, Chinese standard pronunciation occasionally will sentence segmentation into two or more adjustable group. (II) on the position of the nucleus, in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, Chinese people tend to be the standard pronunciation of numerals and modifiers as the nucleus. (III) tone, English standard pronunciation people tend to use H*+L in the nucleus, and boundary tone for tone (0%), except in enumerating sentences are different.
3. (I) is similar to English declarative prosodic structure: (a) on tonality, English standard pronunciation and Chinese standard pronunciation of people will be a simple sentence into a tone group, which will be in addition to other types of sentences enumerating sentences except for two or above. (b) on the position of the nucleus, the English standard pronunciation and Chinese standard pronunciation of people will be in the sentence and the sentence adverb adverbs and word lists will be listed as the nucleus. (c) tone, in simple sentences and sentence adverbs in English, standard pronunciation and Chinese people tend to use the standard pronunciation H*+L in the nucleus, and in simple sentences and adverbs in the sentence by sentence adverb tone (0%). (II) the difference between English and Chinese sentence prosodic structure is: (a) on tonality, in the list of words in standard Chinese pronunciation will all list sentence division two or to Increase the English standard pronunciation are not. (b) on the position of the nucleus, in addition to the adverb sentence and enumerating sentences, English standard pronunciation people tend to be the last word in the tone group as the nucleus, and the Chinese people will usually be the standard pronunciation and numeral modifiers as the nucleus (. C) tone, the difference is that pair of words and enumerating sentences, words and adverbs and lists according to the position of the different number of word lists, two languages have different tone.
4. (I) on tonality, 100% of the two language learners can correct English sentence acquisition tonality (II) on the position of the nucleus, 100% of the two language learners can acquire correctly. The position of the nucleus (III) of tone, 96% of the two language learners can master the correct simple English sentence tone; 96.7% to correctly grasp the adverb tone; 71.7% can correctly grasp the complex sentence tone, only 60% and 43.3% of the two language learners can master the correct clause and sentence lists tone. Above results of English and Chinese as a second language teaching and learning provides a profound significance.

【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H058

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