發(fā)布時間：2018-01-22 10:42

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 重疊詞 類型學(xué) 形態(tài) 象似性 越漢對比 形容詞重疊構(gòu)詞 構(gòu)形　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：重疊詞(Reduplication)是人類語言中普遍的現(xiàn)象,尤其是形態(tài)不豐富的語言,如孤立語,重疊是重要的構(gòu)造手段。正如洪堡特(1767-1835)(2006：348)所言,“每個重復(fù)的語音表達(dá)的都是整個客體；但通過語音重復(fù),某種微小的色彩被增添到這個表達(dá)上,不是一種純粹的強(qiáng)化,以使獲得印象得到更生動的描寫,就是表示重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的客體。由此,重疊多為形容詞,因為形容詞表達(dá)的是事物的性狀,而性狀有別于單個的物體,它好比一個平面,可以在同一空間內(nèi)到處出現(xiàn)。”然而,即使同屬孤立語的語言,其形容詞重疊的表現(xiàn)也存在共性與差異。這也是本文進(jìn)行越、漢形容詞重疊對比研究的主要原因。 重疊詞屬于形態(tài)現(xiàn)象。形態(tài)現(xiàn)象的主要內(nèi)容分為構(gòu)詞與構(gòu)形兩大類。本文將重疊看做一種形態(tài)運(yùn)作機(jī)制,通過重疊機(jī)制產(chǎn)生詞匯意義屬于構(gòu)詞重疊。反之,通過重疊方式來表達(dá)一定的語法意義,就屬于構(gòu)形重疊。將重疊看做一種機(jī)制是把重疊作為整個能產(chǎn)的運(yùn)作系統(tǒng)來看待的,其中也體現(xiàn)了構(gòu)詞與構(gòu)形在重疊機(jī)制內(nèi)部之間的相互聯(lián)系。 本文以語言類型學(xué)、形態(tài)學(xué)、認(rèn)知語言學(xué)為視角,通過對越、漢形容詞構(gòu)詞與構(gòu)形重疊的對比分析,深入探討形容詞重疊在這兩種語言中的相同與差異。本文的對比研究是建立在重疊詞的類型學(xué)框架下進(jìn)行的。本文首先通過對30多種語言的考查,構(gòu)建了重疊詞的類型學(xué)框架,從中探尋出孤立語(重疊詞)的類型學(xué)地位,并在這一框架下進(jìn)行越、漢形容詞重疊的對比研究。本文在討論重疊詞的構(gòu)造過程中,運(yùn)用了認(rèn)知語言學(xué)理論來解釋重疊詞構(gòu)造的認(rèn)知理據(jù)與重疊詞在類型學(xué)中蘊(yùn)含共性的動因。 本文共八章,主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章是緒論,主要介紹選題原由及研究意義、研究綜述、理論基礎(chǔ)、研究方法與語料來源。這章主要以形容詞重疊為線索對漢、越形容詞重疊的研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,在現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上提出不足之處,確立本文的研究目標(biāo)與研究方法。在理論基礎(chǔ)部分,本文以重疊詞為核心,闡釋不同類型的語言中重疊詞的表現(xiàn)。本文在闡釋象似性的理論基礎(chǔ)上建立了本文所運(yùn)用的基本框架。 第二章探討語言類型學(xué)中構(gòu)詞重疊的普遍性。這章首先運(yùn)用了象似性理論中音義象似、語音象征(sound symbolism)來解釋構(gòu)詞重疊的認(rèn)知理據(jù),認(rèn)知上的相似是構(gòu)詞重疊蘊(yùn)含共性的動因,之后通過研究越南語、漢語、日語、英語等的擬聲、擬態(tài)重疊詞的構(gòu)造特征及語音與語義之間的相應(yīng)聯(lián)系來討論構(gòu)詞重疊在類型學(xué)中的普遍性。 第三章探討語言類型學(xué)中構(gòu)形重疊的普遍性。主要運(yùn)用了象似性中“復(fù)雜化的形態(tài)是復(fù)雜化的語義”來解釋構(gòu)形重疊的構(gòu)造認(rèn)知理據(jù)。認(rèn)知上的相似是構(gòu)形重疊蘊(yùn)含共性的動因。通過對三十多種語言的考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)構(gòu)形重疊通常用來表達(dá)如下的語義范疇：1、表數(shù)。主要通過名詞重疊來表復(fù)數(shù)、泛指；2、表體。通過動詞重疊來表動作的反復(fù)、進(jìn)程(如增強(qiáng)、持續(xù)、分散、完成)、輕微、短時、嘗試；3、表性狀。主要通過形容詞重疊來表性狀程度的增減及性狀的形象化意義。本文通過對越南語、漢語、日語、俄語、Karok語等的構(gòu)形重疊所表達(dá)的相同的語義范疇在構(gòu)造特征,形態(tài)變化規(guī)律等方面的研究來討論構(gòu)形重疊在語言類型學(xué)中的普遍性。 第四章是越漢形容詞構(gòu)詞重疊的對比。首先探討越漢構(gòu)詞法與重疊詞的構(gòu)造特征、重疊詞的各類方式。之后,對越、漢AA式零基式的構(gòu)造起源、語法功能、語音及語義進(jìn)行對比分析。在語義方面,通過表延續(xù)、程度高,語音象征化意義等方面來對比越漢AA零基式語義上的異同。 第五章是對越、漢ABB式的構(gòu)造、語音及語義進(jìn)行對比分析,并討論了漢語特有的重疊方式(AABB零基式)、越南語特有的重疊方式(單音節(jié)部分重疊詞)。 第六章將越漢AA有基式的構(gòu)造、語音與語義等方面與多音節(jié)重疊詞進(jìn)行了對比分析,闡釋了越南語特有AAA式的構(gòu)形特征。 第七章是在第二、三章(語言類型學(xué)中重疊詞現(xiàn)象的普遍性)與第四、五、六章(越、漢形容詞重疊對比)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步從類型學(xué)視角探討孤立語中重疊詞現(xiàn)象的類型特征。旨在從共性中尋找差異,在差異中尋找共性,進(jìn)而建構(gòu)一個較為完整的類型學(xué)框架。 最后(第八章)是論文的結(jié)語,主要討論了本文研究的主要成果、研究的創(chuàng)新之處、研究的局限性以及對今后研究的展望。
[Abstract]:Reduplication (Reduplication) is a common phenomenon in human languages, especially the form rich language, such as isolated language is an important means of constructing overlap. As Humboldt (1767-1835) (2006:348) said, "the expression of each repeat speech is the object; but through speech repetition, some small color was added to this expression, it is not a pure enhancement, to get a more vivid description of the impression, is that the object of repetition. Thus, multiple overlapping adjectives, as adjectives to describe an object's characters, and characters are different from a single object, it is like a plane. Can appear everywhere in the same space." however, even if isolated language, the adjective reduplication performance also has similarities and differences. This is also the main reason of the Han Dynasty, describe overlapping contrast words.
The reduplication form belongs to the phenomenon. The main contents are divided into the form of phenomenon of word formation and configuration of two categories. This paper will overlap as a morphological operation mechanism, through the mechanism of the generation of lexical meaning of word overlap belongs to overlap. On the other hand, through the overlapping way to express certain grammatical meaning, it belongs to the configuration will overlap as overlap. A mechanism is to overlap as the operating system can produce the whole view, which also reflects the relationship between overlapping word formation and configuration in the internal mechanism.
In this paper, language typology, morphology, the perspective of cognitive linguistics, based on the analysis of the contrast, Han describe overlapping word formation and configuration, discusses similarities and differences of adjectives overlap in the two languages. This comparative study is based on the type of overlapping words learning under the framework of the first. Based on the 30 kinds of language test, construct the type of reduplication theory, explores the isolated language from (reduplication) of the typological status, and more in this framework, the Chinese describe comparative studies of word overlap. The reduplication construction process of discussion, using the theory of cognitive linguistics to explain the overlapping word structure cognitive motivation motivation contains commonness and reduplication in typology.
This paper consists of eight chapters. The main contents are as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction, mainly introduces the reason and significance of research, literature review, theoretical basis, research methods and data sources. This chapter mainly takes the adjective reduplication as a clue to the Han, the described research literature to sort out the word overlap, is proposed based on the analysis of current situation deficiencies, establish the research target and research methods in this paper. In the theory part of this paper to overlapping words as the core, the performance of different types of overlapping words interpretation of language. This paper explains the basic theory on iconicity is established on the basic framework of the article.
The second chapter discusses the universality of overlap in language typology of word formation. This chapter uses the theory of iconicity meaning Alto iconicity, sound symbolism (sound symbolism) to explain the formation of overlapping cognitive motivation, cognitive motivation of word formation is similar to the overlap of implicational universals, then through the study of Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, English the corresponding relationship between onomatopoeia and mimicry reduplication of phonetic and semantic structural features and to discuss the universality of derivational reduplication in typology.
絎笁绔犳帰璁ㄨ璦，

本文編號：1454443