本文關(guān)鍵詞：現(xiàn)當(dāng)代漢語小說中“那個”一詞的模糊義研究　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 那個 面子 互通性模糊 互動主觀性 評價理論

【摘要】：本文旨在研究“那個”一詞在現(xiàn)當(dāng)代漢語小說中的模糊意義�！澳莻�”一詞在漢語中十分常見,和英文單詞"that"無論在意義還是在用法上都極為相似。在目前的研究中,該詞通常被視為遠指指示代詞或作為限定詞用在名詞或名詞詞組前,很多語言學(xué)家在這些方面也做了相當(dāng)深入的研究。近年來,“那個”作為謂詞表達貶義的用法得到了越來越多的關(guān)注。然而該詞的謂詞用法屬于其語義模糊的一種,且遠不止于此。因此本文將系統(tǒng)探討該詞的模糊語義方面。本文選中的材料主要選自歷屆茅盾文學(xué)獎的獲獎作品。除此之外,部分例子選自于北京大學(xué)中國語言學(xué)研究中心現(xiàn)代漢語語料庫。研究中使用評價理論、交互主觀性及其他相關(guān)理論如禮貌原則和面子理論,將所有的語料進行進一步的分類及分析,從而對“那個”的模糊語義做一個相對全面的分析。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),“那個”一詞的形容詞性用法和該詞的某些其它用法(單獨使用時替代名詞和動詞,以及用在“東西”“事”等名詞之前時)有很多相似之處。雖然用法不同,它們都用于替代說話者或作者不想直接表述的事物,從而達到避免尷尬或避免表現(xiàn)得不禮貌。盡管說話者(或作者)沒有直接表述具體所指,聽話者(或讀者)仍然能夠根據(jù)上下文毫無障礙地理解“那個”的所指。因此“那個”一詞以上的用法可以歸結(jié)在一起作為“模糊性”討論。本文中將該詞的模糊性分為兩類：互通性模糊指稱,和互通性模糊修飾。前者指的是“那個”一詞單獨使用并表達模糊含義的情況,后者指的是“那個”一詞用于“那個+NP”的結(jié)構(gòu)中并表達模糊含義。據(jù)此,本文對“那個”在小說中的分布情況從數(shù)量、語義及功能三個方面作了歸納分析。當(dāng)“那個”用于表達模糊含義時,說話者(或作者)刻意地模糊了語義界線,這一點很明顯違反了格萊斯的合作原則中方式準則下的“避免歧義”的次準則,卻遵循了禮貌原則和面子理論。另外,依據(jù)互動主觀性的理論,人們不愿意直接表述一些文化上令人尷尬的事情(如死亡、性等),而傾向于使用“那個”一詞代替,這是因為人們在交際中考慮到聽話者(或讀者)的感情和反應(yīng)的表現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the vague meaning of the word "that" in modern and contemporary Chinese novels, and the word "that" is very common in Chinese. The word "that" is very similar to the English word "that" in meaning and usage. In current studies, the word is usually regarded as a distant demonstrative pronoun or as a qualifier before a noun or noun phrase. Many linguists have also done some in-depth research in these fields. More and more attention has been paid to the use of "that" as a predicate to express derogatory meaning. However, the predicate usage of the word belongs to one of its semantic ambiguity. Therefore, this paper will systematically explore the fuzzy semantic aspects of the word. The material selected in this paper is mainly selected from the winning works of Mao Dun Literature Award. Some examples are taken from the Modern Chinese Corpus of the Center of Chinese Linguistics of Peking University. Evaluation theory, interactive subjectivity and other relevant theories such as politeness principle and face theory are used in the study. All the data are further classified and analyzed to make a relatively comprehensive analysis of the fuzzy semantics of "that". There are many similarities between the adjective use of the word "that" and certain other uses of the word (replacing nouns and verbs when used alone, and before nouns such as "things"). They are used to replace things that the speaker or author does not want to express directly in order to avoid embarrassment or to behave impolitely, even though the speaker (or author) does not directly state the specific reference. Hearer (or reader). It is still possible to understand the meaning of "that" without hindrance according to the context. Therefore, the use of more than the word "that" can be summed up as a discussion of "fuzziness." in this article, the fuzziness of the word is divided into two categories:. Interworking fuzzy reference. The former refers to the case in which the word "that" is used alone and expresses the fuzzy meaning, the latter refers to the word "that" being used in the structure of the "NP" and expressing the ambiguous meaning. This paper sums up and analyzes the distribution of "that" in the novel from three aspects: quantity, semantics and function. When "that" is used to express vague meaning, the speaker (or author) deliberately blurs the semantic boundary. This obviously violates the principle of "avoiding ambiguity" under Grice's principle of cooperation, but it follows the principle of politeness and the theory of face. In addition, it is based on the theory of interactive subjectivity. People do not want to express directly something culturally embarrassing (such as death, sex, etc.) and prefer to use the word "that" instead. This is because people take into account the feelings and reactions of the listener (or reader) in communication.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H136

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

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