本文關(guān)鍵詞：“人品訴諸”修辭批評的模式建構(gòu)與應(yīng)用　出處：《蘇州大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： “人品訴諸” 修辭批評 明智 美德 善意

【摘要】：“人品訴諸”是西方古典修辭學的一個核心概念,也是亞里士多德提出的三種說服方式之一(其它兩種為“理性訴諸”和“情感訴諸”)。而修辭批評是以評價修辭策略為目的,對象征行為進行系統(tǒng)分析的方法,這一領(lǐng)域在當代修辭學研究中發(fā)展迅速。盡管國內(nèi)外學者已對“人品訴諸”的修辭批評有所探索,但許多研究是以“人品訴諸”的寬泛內(nèi)涵為基礎(chǔ),因而往往導致闡釋模糊或含混。本文旨在建構(gòu)一個既有解釋力又具可操作性的“人品訴諸”層級系統(tǒng),以更好地服務(wù)于修辭批評和修辭實踐。本研究的主要理論依據(jù)是亞里士多德的“人品訴諸”理論和該概念在當代研究中的發(fā)展。研究的重點是“人品訴諸”新層級系統(tǒng)的建構(gòu)和對其可行性的驗證與闡釋;難點是要解決亞氏“人品訴諸”中“明智”、“美德”和“善意”三要素的所指模糊性問題。本文將通過系統(tǒng)梳理當代修辭學者的主要相關(guān)研究成果,從中為每一要素提煉出數(shù)個基本成分,以明確亞氏三要素的主要內(nèi)涵。為實現(xiàn)這一研究目標,文章將重新審視亞里士多德《修辭學》的相關(guān)章節(jié),深入研究古今修辭學者對“人品訴諸”的闡釋,并選取三種文類(廣告、前言和演說辭)中的六個語篇進行應(yīng)用分析,以驗證該“人品訴諸”層級模式的可行性。通過采用質(zhì)的研究方法和目的性抽樣原則,本研究得出了以下主要結(jié)論:第一,“人品訴諸”新模式所選取的要素和下屬成分包含了幾乎所有重要的人品因素,即“明智”要素下提煉有“見識”、“專長”和“權(quán)威”;“美德”下有“公正”、“誠實”和“莊重”;“善意”下有“理解”、“同情”和“回應(yīng)”;第二,新模式中各成分間的模糊性明顯得以減少,因而,以此模式進行“人品訴諸”的修辭批評更具有可操作性和闡釋力;第三,通過語篇分析我們發(fā)現(xiàn)該模式中的某些成分比其它成分運用更為頻繁,如:“見識”、“專長”、“莊重”、“理解”和“回應(yīng)”。此外,新模式能夠滿足包括商業(yè)、學術(shù)和政治等在內(nèi)的多種語篇類型的“人品訴諸”分析,這也證明了“人品訴諸”新模式的有效性。本項探索旨在推動修辭批評和修辭實踐的發(fā)展,同時也希望有助于“人品訴諸”的后續(xù)理論研究。由于這一模式考慮到了不斷變化的修辭情境,因而也可以為當代社會中個人、機構(gòu)、社團乃至國家良好形象的建構(gòu)提供有益參考。
[Abstract]:"Ethos" is a core concept in Western classical rhetoric, persuasion is one of the three proposed by Aristotle (the other two kinds of "rationality" and "emotional appeal"). Rhetorical criticism is to evaluate the rhetorical strategies for the purpose of the system analysis method of symbolic behavior, the rapid development of this area in contemporary rhetoric research. Although scholars have criticized some exploration on "ethos" rhetoric, but a lot of research on "broad connotation ethos" as the foundation, which often leads to the interpretation of fuzzy or mixed. The purpose of this paper is to construct a both explanatory and operable "ethos" the level system, in order to better serve the rhetorical criticism and rhetoric practice. This research is mainly based on Aristotle's "ethos" theory and the concept of development in contemporary research Show. The study focuses on the construction of "ethos" new level system and the feasibility of the verification and interpretation; difficulty is to solve the Aristotle "ethos" in "wise", "Virtue" and "good faith" refers to the three elements of the fuzzy problem. This paper will comb through system when the main related research the results from the generation of rhetorical scholars, for each of the elements extracted from several basic components, mainly to the connotation of Aristotle's three elements. To achieve this aim, the relevant section of the article will review Aristotle < > rhetoric, in-depth study of ancient and modern rhetoric scholars on the "ethos" of the interpretation, and selects three genres (advertising, preface and speech) in the six texts of the application analysis, to verify the feasibility of "ethos" hierarchy model. By using qualitative research method and purposive sampling principle, the study concluded The following main conclusions: first, the "ethos" elements by the new model selection and subordinate components contain almost all important personality factors, namely "wise" elements "refined insight", "expertise" and "authority"; "Virtue" is "justice", "honesty" and "grave" "good faith"; under the "understanding", "sympathy" and "response"; second, the new model of fuzziness among the components can be reduced obviously, therefore, this mode of "ethos" rhetorical criticism of the maneuverability and explanatory power; third, through discourse analysis we found some components in this model the use of more frequently than other components, such as: "the experience", "expertise", "grave", "understanding" and "response". In addition, the new model can meet including business, academic and political, various types of discourse "ethos "Analysis, it also proves that the" ethos "the effectiveness of the new model. This study aims to promote the development of rhetoric and rhetorical criticism practice, also hope to study the subsequent theoretical ethos". Because this model takes into account the rhetorical situation changing, so it can be for individuals, in contemporary society, provide a useful reference to construct a good image of society and countries.

【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H05

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