本文選題：功能主義 + 《狼圖騰》��； 參考：《西北師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：姜戎所著的《狼圖騰》是一系列狼故事構(gòu)成的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，記敘了主人公陳陣在二十世紀(jì)六七十年代在內(nèi)蒙額倫草原的插隊(duì)生活。作者通過(guò)對(duì)草原自然生態(tài)生動(dòng)的描寫，對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)耕文明以及游牧文明的回顧和對(duì)比，以及對(duì)草原游牧民族的精神圖騰的贊揚(yáng)和推崇，賦予了《狼圖騰》鮮明的民族文化色彩。本書自2004年4月在中國(guó)發(fā)行以來(lái)，在中國(guó)引起了強(qiáng)烈的反響。2008年，由美國(guó)漢學(xué)家葛浩文先生翻譯的英譯本面市，并在全球大量發(fā)行。正是由于葛先生出色的翻譯，使得狼圖騰獲得了首屆曼氏亞洲文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。然而，由于該書英譯本面世僅四年，國(guó)內(nèi)外譯界對(duì)其研究較少，鮮有研究將此譯本置于文化背景下，有鑒于此，本文嘗試以功能主義為理論基礎(chǔ)，深入研究翻譯目的、翻譯述要等因素對(duì)葛浩文選擇《狼圖騰》具體翻譯策略的影響和選擇。 功能主義產(chǎn)生于20世紀(jì)70年代的德國(guó)，并迅速發(fā)展成為新的翻譯理論。功能主義翻譯理論認(rèn)為翻譯是一種有意識(shí)的人類活動(dòng)，翻譯的目的決定了翻譯行為并直接影響翻譯策略的選擇。在這一理論框架下，一直被用來(lái)衡量譯文質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的“對(duì)等”被另一個(gè)評(píng)估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)“充分”所取代，因此譯者可以選擇對(duì)原文進(jìn)行歸化和異化，但是翻譯的過(guò)程中應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循目的法則、連貫法則和忠實(shí)法則。 本文旨在功能主義的理論框架之下，通過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單隨機(jī)抽樣調(diào)查的研究方法來(lái)研究葛浩文《狼圖騰》英譯本文化層面的翻譯策略，并對(duì)譯者采取這一策略的原因進(jìn)行初步探討。首先，作者從翻譯目的以及翻譯述要等方面考察影響葛浩文翻譯策略選擇的因素。其次，本文借用奈達(dá)文化五分法，從生態(tài)文化、物質(zhì)文化、社會(huì)文化、宗教文化、語(yǔ)言文化五方面進(jìn)行具體調(diào)查。本文共選取104個(gè)樣本，其中生態(tài)文化17例，物質(zhì)文化12例，社會(huì)文化27例，宗教文化16例，語(yǔ)言文化32例，通過(guò)研究得知，在生態(tài)、社會(huì)、宗教和語(yǔ)言文化的翻譯過(guò)程中，葛浩文多傾向于異化策略，，這是由于翻譯的目的，即傳播蒙古和中國(guó)文化，促進(jìn)中西交流決定的；然而由于《狼圖騰》涉及了大量的具有蒙古特色的物質(zhì)文化詞匯，很難在英語(yǔ)中找到對(duì)應(yīng)的表達(dá)，因此在此翻譯過(guò)程中，譯者多傾向于歸化的翻譯策略。 葛浩文作為翻譯中國(guó)文學(xué)的首席翻譯家，他為傳播中國(guó)文化采取的翻譯策略為廣大譯者提供了良好的借鑒，對(duì)促進(jìn)中西方文化交流具有重大的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The wolf totem, written by Jiang Rong, is a series of long stories made up of a series of wolf stories, narrating the heroine Chen's life in the Inner Mongolia Lun prairie in 60s and 70s twentieth Century. Through a vivid description of the natural ecology of the grassland, the author reviewed and contrasted the Chinese farming civilization and nomadic civilization, as well as the pastoral nomadic people. The praise and praise of the spiritual totem endowed the "Wolf Totem" with a distinctive national culture. Since its release in China in April 2004, this book has caused a strong repercussion in China.2008, which was translated by the American Sinologist Mr. Ge Haowen and issued a great deal in the world. It is due to Mr. GE's excellent translation that the wolf totem has been made. For the first time, he won the first mansoni Asian Literature Award. However, because the English translation of the book is only four years old, there are few studies in the field of translation at home and abroad. Few studies have put it in the cultural background. The influence and choice of translation strategies.
Functionalism came into being in Germany in the 1970s and developed rapidly into a new translation theory. Functionalist translation theory holds that translation is a conscious human activity. The purpose of translation determines the translation behavior and directly affects the selection of translation strategies. Under this theoretical framework, it has been used to measure the quality standard of the translation. "Equivalence" is replaced by another evaluation standard, so the translator can choose to domesticate and dissimilate the original text, but in the process of translation, the law of purpose, the law of coherence and the law of loyalty should be followed.
This paper, aiming at the theoretical framework of functionalism, studies the translation strategy of Ge Hao's cultural level in Wolf Totem and English translation through a simple random sampling investigation, and makes a preliminary discussion on the reasons for the translator's adoption of this strategy. First, the author examines the translation of Ge Hao's translation from the aspects of the purpose of translation and the translation of the translation. Secondly, this article uses Nida culture five points, from five aspects of ecological culture, material culture, social culture, religious culture and language culture. This article selects 104 samples, including 17 examples of ecological culture, 12 cases of material culture, 27 cases of social culture, 16 cases of religious culture, and 32 language culture cases. It is known that in the translation process of ecological, social, religious and linguistic culture, Ge Hao tends to be inclined to the strategy of alienation, which is due to the purpose of translation, that is, to propagate Mongolia and Chinese culture and promote the communication between China and the West. However, because the Wolf Totem involves a large number of material and cultural vocabulary with Mongolia's special color, it is difficult to find the corresponding in English. Therefore, in the process of translation, the translator tends to domesticate translation strategies.
As the chief translator in the translation of Chinese literature, Ge Haowen has provided a good reference for the translators for the translation of Chinese culture, and has a great guiding significance for the promotion of cultural exchanges between China and the West.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9;I046

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