本文關(guān)鍵詞： 關(guān)聯(lián)理論 紅樓夢 兩英譯本 雙關(guān)翻譯　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：《紅樓夢》，是中國古典小說的最高峰，在眾多翻譯難題中，它有其特殊地單。雙關(guān)，，作為一種功能強大的修辭手段，以及它的獨特的修辭功能，其翻譯在很大程度上影響著譯文讀者對原著的理解和欣賞，對譯者具有極大的挑戰(zhàn)性，可以作為評價譯本是否成功的一個重要因素�；艨怂乖谄渥g本的序言中說過：雙關(guān)語的翻譯是最難的一部分。 《紅樓夢》自被翻譯以來，世所公認最有影響的兩個全譯本是產(chǎn)生于二十世紀七十年單，由楊憲益、戴乃迭夫婦合譯的ADreamofRed Mansions和大衛(wèi)·霍克斯與約翰·閔福德翻譯的The storyof the Stone。 國內(nèi)學(xué)者或從譯者主體性，或從目的論的角度，或從文化角度針對兩個譯本的不同翻譯策略和方法做了探討和闡釋，但對雙關(guān)翻譯的研究仍不夠普遍，這一領(lǐng)域亟待我們投入更多的精力。 本文以經(jīng)典巨著《紅樓夢》為藍本，以關(guān)聯(lián)理論為視角，以兩譯本中的雙關(guān)翻譯為語料，借鑒前人對兩個譯本翻譯策略、翻譯效果的研究思路，通過對比和分析，對兩譯本中的雙關(guān)翻譯做出評價。本文立于兩譯本雙關(guān)翻譯比對和評價的基礎(chǔ)上，旨在促進學(xué)界對翻譯策略、翻譯效果以及翻譯批評的研究，從而提高漢譯英翻譯水平；另外，此研究對加強中外文化交流，特別是對外宣傳和弘揚中華民族的優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)文化也是大有裨益的。 在《關(guān)聯(lián)性：交際和認知》一書中，Sperber和Wilson首次提出了關(guān)聯(lián)理論，認為交際是一個包含信息意圖和交際意圖的明示——推理過程，為我們研究口頭及書面的交際提供了一個嶄新的視角。Gutt在其博士論文中將關(guān)聯(lián)理論應(yīng)用到了翻譯實踐中。Gutt主張在關(guān)聯(lián)理論視角下，翻譯是一個涉及作者、譯者和譯文讀者之間的雙重明示——推理過程。譯文應(yīng)該與譯文讀者產(chǎn)生充分的關(guān)聯(lián)，提供充分的語境效果，譯者應(yīng)讓讀者付出任何不必要的努力而理解源文。因此，譯者能否提供最佳語境，實現(xiàn)最佳關(guān)聯(lián)是判斷譯文成功與否的一個重要依據(jù)。 雙關(guān)，作為一種古老的修辭，作者利用語義或者語音，將真實意圖隱藏于字面意中。雙關(guān)的翻譯質(zhì)量決定了譯文讀者對源文的理解程度。譯者在翻譯雙關(guān)的時候，在理解了源文作者隱含于字面意中的隱含意的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)將此隱含意傳達給譯文讀者。譯者除了考慮譯作的準確性和忠實因素之外，對譯文讀者而言，其譯作也應(yīng)是容易被理解的。因此，就雙關(guān)語的隱含意被翻譯的質(zhì)量而言，關(guān)聯(lián)理論中所包含的譯者能否提供最佳語境，實現(xiàn)最佳關(guān)聯(lián)，讓讀者付出任何不必要的努力而理解源文的原則，對譯者翻譯雙關(guān)是有理論指導(dǎo)意義的。 本文共分六章：第一章簡單介紹了全文結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章是文獻綜述，回顧了兩譯本中雙關(guān)翻譯的研究現(xiàn)狀，結(jié)合研究所取得的成就及現(xiàn)狀，解釋了以關(guān)聯(lián)理論為理論基礎(chǔ)，以雙關(guān)翻譯為語料的原因，并指出本文的研究意義。第三章借鑒了關(guān)聯(lián)理論，對其重要概念以及國內(nèi)的發(fā)展過程做了一個簡單說明，闡述了關(guān)聯(lián)理論對雙關(guān)翻譯的評價作用。第四章對兩譯本中的雙關(guān)進行分分，并列舉了雙關(guān)的作用。第五章是全文的主體部分，詳細介紹了兩譯本，對其雙關(guān)翻譯進行分析和比對，并做出最后評價。最后為結(jié)論部分，對全文進行了總結(jié)和概括，為以后的研究工作提出了一些建議。 通過眾多雙關(guān)翻譯的比對，可發(fā)現(xiàn)楊憲益成功地再現(xiàn)了《紅樓夢》中雙關(guān)語的指稱含義和語用含義及其相對應(yīng)的語言功能，然而由于政治背景、文化影響、譯者身份以及翻譯目的等原因的影響，楊憲益譯本旨在弘揚中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化，以源語文化為皈依，過度追求忠實。從關(guān)聯(lián)理論角度而言，其雙關(guān)翻譯因過于忠于源文，在言內(nèi)含義的層面上往往難以和源語做到很好的對應(yīng)，讓讀者付出了更多的努力去理解源文，無形中增大了譯文讀者的負擔。 而霍克斯的譯本以譯語文化為導(dǎo)向，更多地面向以英語為母語的讀者，盡量為讀者提供充分的語境效果，著意減少讀者負擔，暗合了關(guān)聯(lián)理論以最小心理投入獲得最大認知效果的要求。因此，霍譯本的讀者認知和認可程度高于楊譯本。 綜上，從關(guān)聯(lián)理論視角而言，霍譯本暗合關(guān)聯(lián)理論便達到了較好的認知效果，那么譯者如果在翻譯中有意識地運用關(guān)聯(lián)理論為指導(dǎo)，必將提高翻譯質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:"A dream of Red Mansions", is the highest peak in Chinese classical novels, in many translation problems, it has its special form. Pun, rhetoric as a powerful, as well as the unique rhetorical function of it, its translation has a great influence on the readers to the original understanding and appreciation, is a challenge great for the translator, can be used as an important factor in evaluating the success of translation. In the preface to the translation of Hawkes said: the translation of puns is the most difficult part.
Since the translation of the dream of Red Mansions, the two most influential translations have been recognized in the twentieth Century seventy years, which is translated by Yang Xianyi, Dai Naidie and ADreamofRed Mansions and Hawkes The John storyof.
Domestic scholars, from the perspective of translator's subjectivity or skopos theory, or from a cultural perspective, have discussed and interpreted different translation strategies and methods of the two versions, but the research on puns translation is still not enough, which requires us to invest more energy in this field.
Based on the classical masterpiece "a dream of Red Mansions" based on relevance theory perspective, the two versions of the pun translation corpus, the predecessors of the two versions of translation strategies, translation research results, through comparison and analysis, to evaluate the two versions of the text. Pun translation based on the two versions pun translation comparison and evaluation, in order to promote the studies of translation strategies, translation studies and translation criticism, so as to improve the translation level; in addition, the study on strengthening cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, especially foreign propaganda and carry forward the Chinese nation's outstanding traditional culture but also be of great advantage.
In the book relevance: communication and cognition "in one book, Sperber and Wilson first proposed the relevance theory, holds that communication is an information and communicative intention ostensive inferential process, provides a new perspective of.Gutt in his doctoral dissertation, relevance theory is applied to the practice of translation in the perspective of proposition.Gutt relevance theory for us to study the oral and written communication, translation is a related author, double ostensive inferential process between the translator and the reader. The translation should be fully associated with the readers, provide adequate contextual effect, the translator should make readers pay any unnecessary effort to understand the source text so. The translator, can provide the best context, to achieve optimal relevance is to determine the success of an important basis.
Pun, as a kind of ancient rhetoric, the author uses semantic or speech, the real intention behind the literal translation quality. Italy pun determines the readers understand the extent of the source text. The translator in the translation of puns, based on an understanding of the implications of the source text author implied in the word on the right, should be convey this hidden meaning to the target readers. The translator not only consider translation accuracy and fidelity factor outside of the target reader, the translation should be easily understood. Therefore, in terms of quality hidden meaning of pun translation is included in the relevance theory, the translator can provide the best context, achieving optimal relevance. Let the reader pay any unnecessary effort to understand the source text principle, is the theoretical guiding significance to the translation of puns.
This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the whole structure. The second chapter is the literature review, reviews the research status of pun translation in the two versions, combined with the research achievements and the status quo, explained based on the relevance theory in pun translation corpora, and pointed out the significance of this study. The third chapter is on Relevance Theory and its key concepts and domestic development process to do a simple description, expounds the role of relevance theory to evaluate pun translation. The fourth chapter points of Puns in the two versions, and lists the double closed. The fifth chapter is the main part of this paper introduced in detail two versions of the analysis and comparison of the translation of puns, and make a final evaluation. The last part is the conclusion, summarizes and generalizes the whole thesis and puts forward some suggestions for the future research work.
Through numerous comparisons of pun translation, can be found in the function of language Yang Xianyi successfully reproduced "Pun in a dream of Red Mansions" reference meaning and pragmatic meaning and the corresponding, however due to the political background, cultural influence, influence the translator's identity and translation purpose, Yang Xianyi translation aims to promote traditional Chinese culture, to the source language culture as the basis, the excessive pursuit of loyalty. From the perspective of relevance theory, the translation of puns are too faithful to the source text, meaning in linguistic level and source language is often difficult to do a good correspondence, allowing readers to pay more efforts to understand the source text, which increases the burden of the readers.
Hawkes's translation to the target culture oriented, more ground to English speaking readers, to provide adequate contextual effect for the reader, to reduce the burden of the reader, coincident with the theory associated with minimum investment to get the maximum effect of cognitive psychological requirements. Therefore, readers' cognition and recognition degree of hawkes'version is higher than that of the Yangs.
In conclusion, from the perspective of relevance theory, relevance theory implies hawkes'version reached better cognitive effect, so the translator if there is awareness in translation with relevance theory as a guide, it will improve the quality of translation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：H059;I046

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