本文關(guān)鍵詞： 功能語法 人際元功能 話語的基調(diào) 人際語法成分 話語對比、評價 《紅樓夢》　出處：《山西大學(xué)》2003年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 本文的理論基礎(chǔ)是功能語言學(xué)。功能語言學(xué)作為當(dāng)今語言研究的兩大分支之一，經(jīng)過近半個世紀(jì)的歷程，具有自己完整的思想系統(tǒng)和理論模式，例如它的純理功能思想，層次思想，系統(tǒng)思想。文章主要從三大語言元功能，即概念功能，人際功能和語篇功能中的人際功能入手。人際功能是用來反映人與人之間的關(guān)系，如或是對話輪(turning-talking，指講話的輪次)的選擇做出規(guī)定，或是對事物的可能性和出現(xiàn)的頻率表示自己的判斷和估測，或是反映說話人與聽話人之間的社會地位和親疏關(guān)系。功能語法認(rèn)為語言的三大功能都有與自己相匹配的語法成分，其中，語氣系統(tǒng)，情態(tài)系統(tǒng)和評價系統(tǒng)等是用來表達(dá)人際功能的。不可否認(rèn)語言總是在一定的交際環(huán)境中使用的，分析語言必須把它和它依賴的語境聯(lián)系起來。功能語法作為一支比較成熟的語言體系，并沒有忽略語境對句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語義的影響。韓禮德于1964年提出了“語域”這一術(shù)語，“語域”所反映的就是語境。韓禮德把語域分為話語的范圍，話語的方式和話語的基調(diào)三個方面。這三個方面的劃分并不是偶然的，，因為它們分別和語言的三大元功能——對應(yīng)，而決定人際元功能的便是話語的基調(diào)。它指交際者在交際中的角色關(guān)系，即話語的參與者之間的一套永久性的或暫時性的相應(yīng)的社會關(guān)系。在語言的使用上則表現(xiàn)為話語的基調(diào)對表現(xiàn)人際元功能的語氣，情態(tài)，評價系統(tǒng)及其他人際語法成分選擇的影響。這不但對我們分析話語的人際功能而且對于評價譯文的人際功能的傳達(dá)都提供了可供操作的理論框架。本文就是依據(jù)功能語法對語調(diào)，人際功能和人際語言成分的三位一體關(guān)系的理論框架嘗試著對我國古典名著《紅樓夢》中的人物對話及楊憲益和戴乃婕的英譯文進(jìn)行嘗試性的比較，評析。原作作者曹雪芹通過人物對話向我們十分生動地展示了不同人物間的社會關(guān)系和其思想風(fēng)貌，性格特征。通過對個例分析，評價，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)英譯文基本上成功的傳達(dá)了原文的人際意義，但也有意義的缺失。本文對成功的譯文作了分析，對不足之處找了原因并提出了自己微薄的建議。最后就翻譯中常出現(xiàn)的人際意義缺失的原因進(jìn)行了探討。本文的基本框架如下：第一章是前言旨在說明本論文選題的原因；第二章簡單介紹了所依據(jù)的功能語法的人際功能理論框架；第三章是運(yùn)用人際功能的理論框架進(jìn)行個例分析；第四章是對人際意義缺失的主要原因進(jìn)行歸納，最后為結(jié)論。本文是從功能語法的角度對英漢語篇進(jìn)行對比，評價的一種嘗試，希望本文的分析會給英漢對比和翻譯研究帶來啟示。
[Abstract]:The theoretical basis of this thesis is functional linguistics, which, as one of the two branches of linguistic research today, has its own complete ideological system and theoretical model after nearly half a century of history. For example, its pure theory function thought, hierarchy thought, system thought. This article mainly from three major language metafunctions, namely the concept function. Interpersonal function is used to reflect the relationship between people, such as turn-ing-talking. (of the rounds of speech) to decide on the choice, or to express one's own judgment and estimation of the possibility and frequency of the occurrence of something. Or it reflects the social status and closeness between the speaker and the hearer. Functional Grammar holds that all three functions of language have their own grammatical elements, among which, the mood system. Modality system and evaluation system are used to express interpersonal function. It is undeniable that language is always used in a certain communication environment. Analytical language must relate it to the context on which it depends. Functional grammar is a relatively mature language system. In 1964, Halliday put forward the term "register", which reflects the context. Halliday divided the register into the scope of discourse. The division of these three aspects is not accidental, because they correspond to the three metafunctions of language. What determines interpersonal metafunctions is the tone of utterance, which refers to the role of communicators in communication. That is, a set of permanent or temporary corresponding social relations between the participants of discourse. In the use of language, it is the tone and modality of the tone of discourse and the expression of interpersonal metafunctions. The influence of the evaluation system and other interpersonal grammatical elements on the choice of the interpersonal grammatical elements, which not only provides an operational theoretical framework for us to analyze the interpersonal function of the discourse but also for the interpersonal function of the target text. Functional grammar versus intonation. The theoretical framework of the trinity relationship between interpersonal functions and interpersonal language elements attempts to make a tentative comparison of the dialogue between the characters in our classical masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions and the English translation of Yang Xianyi and Dai Naijie. The original author Cao Xueqin shows us vividly the social relations among the different characters, their ideological style and character characteristics through the dialogue of characters. Through the analysis of individual examples, the author evaluates. We find that the English translation has successfully conveyed the interpersonal meaning of the original text, but there is also a lack of meaning. This paper makes an analysis of the successful translation. At last, the author probes into the causes of the loss of interpersonal meaning in translation. The basic framework of this thesis is as follows:. The first chapter is the preface to explain the reason of this thesis. The second chapter briefly introduces the theoretical framework of interpersonal function of functional grammar. The third chapter is the use of interpersonal function of the theoretical framework of the case study; Chapter 4th is an attempt to compare and evaluate English and Chinese texts from the perspective of functional grammar. It is hoped that the analysis of this paper will bring enlightenment to English-Chinese contrast and translation studies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2003
【分類號】：I046

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 羅書華;鳳凰惜作末世舞——論鳳姐兼說“一從二令三人木”[J];紅樓夢學(xué)刊;1998年02期

本文編號：1458082