托馬斯·哈代創(chuàng)作《無(wú)名的裘德》之時(shí),資本主義經(jīng)濟(jì)已經(jīng)發(fā)展到了一個(gè)新的階段。鐵路在英國(guó)普通百姓的生活中扮演著不可或缺的角色,鐵路在穿梭不停,經(jīng)濟(jì)在快速發(fā)展,整個(gè)維多利亞的英國(guó)社會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出一種焦躁不安的心態(tài)。人們發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)和過(guò)去封建社會(huì)的生活決裂,然而焦躁不安的心態(tài)使他們看不到未來(lái)。該書的男主角裘德的一生就處于種種矛盾之中,心態(tài)是為躁動(dòng)不安。究其原因,有裘德的離奇身世、特殊的生活經(jīng)歷以及當(dāng)代社會(huì)的焦躁心態(tài)。一生之中,焦躁的裘德未能專注于生活,而是在下面所列矛盾中游離掙扎:信仰方面,掙扎于基督教信仰與無(wú)神論之間;社會(huì)行為方面,掙扎于主流與邊緣之間;情愛方面,掙扎于肉體享受與精神追求之間;自我意義方面,掙扎于被社會(huì)異化與對(duì)自然親近之間。本文將對(duì)裘德所處的這四種矛盾狀態(tài)進(jìn)行探索與分析。第一章為“掙扎于基督教信仰與無(wú)神論之間”,主要探討了裘德對(duì)其宗教信仰的幻滅。故事初始,裘德熱愛閱讀,而接觸書籍除少數(shù)語(yǔ)法書籍外全為宗教書籍,故熱衷于基督教,并夢(mèng)想在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域找到一份工作謀生。此時(shí),裘德生命中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)女人,他們對(duì)裘德的生活產(chǎn)生了重大影響,使他對(duì)自己原先的宗教信仰漸行漸遠(yuǎn)。首先,裘德被誘入與阿里貝拉的婚姻... 

【文章來(lái)源】：北京郵電大學(xué)北京市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：65 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
Introduction
    A Survey of Jude the Obscure Critical Scholarship
    The present study
Chapter One:Caught between Christianity and Atheism
    1.1 The impact of Darwinism on the Christianity
    1.2 Hardy's doubt about Christianity
    1.3 Jude's disillusion in Christianity
        1.3.1 Jude's imprinted Christian filth from Arabella
        1.3.2 Jude's submission with Sue's paganism
        1.3.3 Victim of the changing times
Chapter Two:Caught between conventionality and unconventionality
    2.1 Introduction of Victorian conventionality
        2.1.1 Victorian faith in social progress
        2.1.2 Victorian men
        2.1.3 Victorian women
        2.1.4 Victorian marriage
    2.2 Jude's conventionality
    2.3 Jude's unconventionality
        2.3.1 Jude's role in a relationship
        2.3.2 Relationship with Sue
Chapter Three:Caught between flesh and spirit
    3.1 Spiritual Hardy and Jude
    3.2 Relationship with Arabella
        3.2.1 Negative role
        3.2.2 Positive role
    3.3 Relationship with Sue
        3.3.1 Role as a substitute for Christminister
        3.3.2 Role as Jude's soul mate
        3.3.3 Role as counterpart
Chapter Four:Caught between social alienation and infinity of nature
    4.1 What is existentialism?
    4.2 Hardy as an early existentialist
    4.3 Jude's search of existentialist meaning
        4.3.1 Jude's search of freedom and self even in a hostile environment
        4.3.2 Jude's death as the return to nature
        4.3.3 Little Father Time as a symbol of the tragedy of existential contingency
Conelusion
Notes
    Introduction
    Chapter One
    Chapter Two
    Chapter Three
    Chapter Four
    Conclusion
Bibliography
Acknowledgement
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