【摘要】：漢斯·法拉達（1893-1947）是二十世紀德國最受歡迎的作家之一，在德國文學史上享有“了不起的小人物作家”之美譽。以此為主題的小說如《小人物，怎么辦？》、《用洋鐵罐吃飯的人》、《小人物，大人物，陰差陽錯》、《人人孤獨地死》和《狼群中的狼》等，被翻譯成多國語言，甚至多次拍成電影或搬上戲劇舞臺，在世界上很多國家擁有廣泛的讀者群。其中《小人物，怎么辦？》是法拉達最優(yōu)秀的代表作，是他最成功的小人物作品，作家的名字也因此而為世界所熟知。對他而言，“小人物”是特定社會環(huán)境的代表者。作家以客觀冷靜而又清新理智的描寫方式讓同時代的很多讀者在作品中找到了自己的影子。 本文以《小人物，怎么辦？》為研究對象，對作品中幾種類型的“小人物”進行分析，探討不同類型小人物各自的特點和他們所表現(xiàn)出來的共性。由于法拉達不是把小人物的命運作為個人悲劇，而是作為整個社會制度的危機來揭示的，所以本文也嘗試探討小人物與社會環(huán)境之間的聯(lián)系。 為了更清晰地揭示不同類型的小人物形象，本文亦將法拉達筆下的小人物和德國著名作家伯爾作品《一聲不吭》中有類似經(jīng)歷的小人物進行對比，以期發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在不同社會歷史時期所具有的共性，并試圖用文學社會學的方法分析形成這種共性的內(nèi)在與外在原因。
[Abstract]:Hans Farada (1893-1947) is one of the most popular German writers in the 20th century. Novels on this subject, such as "Little Man, what do you do?", "the Man who eats in a tin pot", "Little man, big man, bad man", "everyone dies alone" and "Wolves in the wolves", etc., are translated into many languages. They even make movies or stage plays many times, and have a wide readership in many countries around the world. "what about the little one?" is Faradar's best masterpiece, his most successful little man, and the author's name is well known in the world. To him, "little man" is the representative of a particular social environment. In an objective, cool and fresh way, the writer makes many readers find their own shadow in their works. In this paper, the author makes an analysis of several types of "little people" in his works, and probes into the characteristics of different types of little people and their common features. Since Farada does not regard the fate of the little man as a personal tragedy, but as a crisis of the whole social system, this paper also tries to explore the relationship between the small man and the social environment. In order to more clearly reveal the different types of small figures, this paper also compares the small figures in Farada's works with those who have similar experiences in the works of German famous writer Burr. The purpose is to find out the commonness they have in different social and historical periods, and try to analyze the internal and external causes of the commonness with the method of literary sociology.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I516.074

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1 梁寧;從文學社會學角度分析法拉達作品《小人物，，怎么辦？》中的小人物[D];上海外國語大學;2012年

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