【摘要】：俄裔美國(guó)作家弗拉基米爾·納博科夫（Vladimir Nabokov1899-1977）是二十世紀(jì)最重要的文學(xué)家之一。他憑借《洛麗塔》征服了世界文壇，所著的《微暗的火》被稱為“本世紀(jì)最偉大的藝術(shù)品之一”。他的作品風(fēng)格獨(dú)特、形式多樣，，其跨文化寫作的獨(dú)特身份也決定了他的作品的多元化特征。 本文以文化身份問(wèn)題作為研究納博科夫小說(shuō)《微暗的火》的切入點(diǎn)，重點(diǎn)分析了小說(shuō)中的人物在身份建構(gòu)、身份追尋和身份危機(jī)中的種種焦慮與矛盾，探索了作品中主人公金波特在人生追求的各個(gè)階段的心理變化與精神內(nèi)核。 論文主體從四個(gè)方面展開，以“訴求與焦慮”、“流亡與追尋”、“反觀與消解”、“歸屬與意義”為重點(diǎn)，分析了個(gè)體身份在構(gòu)建過(guò)程中的內(nèi)涵，主要內(nèi)容如下： 第一章討論了小說(shuō)人物對(duì)于自身身份訴求的過(guò)程中的焦慮與恐懼。主人公金波特作為流亡者，他所代表的異質(zhì)文化在美國(guó)主流文化背景下，始終無(wú)法擁有屬于自己的話語(yǔ)權(quán)。正是在這樣的身份困惑中，他對(duì)自身的文化身份歸屬產(chǎn)生了焦慮和恐懼。 第二章揭示了作者納博科夫的雙重文化身份對(duì)作品的深層影響以及由此產(chǎn)生的人物在身份追尋中所遭遇的精神困境。納博科夫如同一只流亡的“蝴蝶”，飛舞在俄羅斯文化與美國(guó)文化的交界地帶中，他的小說(shuō)也因此呈現(xiàn)出一名流散作家在身份重塑中的精神疑惑。而在作品中，金波特流亡生涯的實(shí)質(zhì)是一種精神上的流浪，他追求自我理想的失敗使得其身份特質(zhì)也體現(xiàn)出疏離與困惑。 第三章探尋了小說(shuō)在元敘事與碎片化敘事模式的反照下，身份特質(zhì)也被剝離成不可靠，甚至是錯(cuò)位的狀態(tài)。一直以來(lái)，《微暗的火》都以藝術(shù)形式的獨(dú)特著稱，而將身份認(rèn)同放在敘事的形式原則中，也是本文的創(chuàng)新之處。 最后一章將身份認(rèn)同的歸屬及意義放進(jìn)了納氏藝術(shù)的精神依托——彼岸世界中來(lái)探討作品中蘊(yùn)含的自我意識(shí)的自由審美維度。我們?cè)谡J(rèn)定金波特的身份圖式永遠(yuǎn)是雙重的、矛盾的同時(shí)，也會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)到無(wú)論這種矛盾、焦慮如何擴(kuò)大，身份的意義總是在追求一種精神的自由，總是在守衛(wèi)著那屬于自我的真實(shí)世界。 總之，筆者以后殖民主義理論、后現(xiàn)代主義理論以及敘事學(xué)等多種批評(píng)理論為依據(jù)，以納博科夫長(zhǎng)篇代表作《微暗的火》為研究對(duì)象，試圖彰顯出小說(shuō)獨(dú)具特色的文本魅力，并且結(jié)合人物身份建構(gòu)的獨(dú)特內(nèi)涵來(lái)挖掘納氏藝術(shù)的精神特質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Russian-American writer Vladimir Nabokov1899-1977 is one of the most important writers in the 20 th century. With Lolita, he conquered the world's literary world, and his novel Fire of Darkness was described as "one of the greatest works of art of this century." His works are unique in style and diverse in form. His unique identity in cross-cultural writing also determines the diversity of his works. This paper takes the question of cultural identity as the starting point to study Nabokov's novel "the Fire of the Shadow", and analyzes the anxiety and contradiction of the characters in the novel in identity construction, identity pursuit and identity crisis. This paper explores the psychological changes and spiritual core of the protagonist Kingport in all stages of his life. This paper focuses on four aspects: "pursuit and anxiety", "exile and pursuit", "reflection and resolution", "ownership and significance", and analyzes the connotation of individual identity in the process of construction. The main contents are as follows: the first chapter discusses the anxiety and fear of the characters about their identity. As exiles, the heterogeneous culture represented by the protagonist, under the background of American mainstream culture, has never been able to have his own right of speech. It is in this identity confusion that he has anxiety and fear about his own cultural identity. The second chapter reveals the deep influence of Nabokov's double cultural identity on the works and the spiritual dilemma encountered by the characters in the pursuit of identity. Nabokov is like an exiled butterfly, flying in the border of Russian culture and American culture. In his works, the essence of his exiled career is a kind of spiritual vagrancy. His failure in pursuing his own ideal makes his identity characteristic reflect alienation and confusion. The third chapter explores the novel in the meta narrative and fragmented narrative mode, identity is also stripped into unreliable, or even misplaced state. The light fire is always famous for its unique artistic form, and it is the innovation of this paper to put identity in the principle of narrative form. In the last chapter, the attribution and significance of identity are put into the spiritual support of Na's art-the other side of the world to explore the aesthetic dimension of self-consciousness contained in the works. When we decide that Kingport's identity schema is always twofold and contradictory, we will realize that no matter how this contradiction, anxiety expands, the meaning of identity is always in pursuit of a spiritual freedom. Always guarding the real world that belongs to the self. In a word, on the basis of the theories of colonialism, postmodernism and narratology, the author tries to show the unique charm of the novel by taking Nabokov's long masterpiece, the Fire of the faint, as the object of study. And combined with the unique connotation of character identity construction to explore the spiritual characteristics of Na's art.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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