從權(quán)力話語(yǔ)理論角度解讀《他們眼望上蒼》中珍妮的自我重建
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-03 12:57
【摘要】：佐拉·尼爾·赫斯頓，是20世紀(jì)非裔美國(guó)文學(xué)中最杰出的黑人女性作家之一，也是20世紀(jì)30年代美國(guó)哈萊姆文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的中堅(jiān)力量。她的一生飽受非議，直到20世紀(jì)70年代才被學(xué)者們從歷史的塵封中發(fā)掘出來(lái)，得到應(yīng)有的重視。她被譽(yù)為當(dāng)代美國(guó)黑人文學(xué)的先驅(qū)和美國(guó)黑人女性文學(xué)之母。20世紀(jì)許多著名的黑人女作家，如托尼·莫里森、愛(ài)麗斯·沃克等都深受她的影響。出版于1937年的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《他們眼望上蒼》是赫斯頓的代表作。作為黑人文學(xué)史上第一部展示黑人女性自我意識(shí)覺(jué)醒的文學(xué)作品，這部小說(shuō)具有里程碑式的意義。如今，這部小說(shuō)不僅是黑人文學(xué)的經(jīng)典，而且是20世紀(jì)美國(guó)文學(xué)的經(jīng)典。 自20世紀(jì)70年代以來(lái)，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者分別從不同的角度研究了這部小說(shuō)，如女性主義、婦女主義、種族文化、黑人民俗以及成長(zhǎng)主題等。本論文從米歇爾·�？碌臋�(quán)力話語(yǔ)理論角度，重新解讀了小說(shuō)主人公珍妮的命運(yùn)。與祖母和母親順從受壓迫的命運(yùn)不同，珍妮不愿接受傳統(tǒng)黑人女性的悲慘命運(yùn)，而是勇敢地遵從自己內(nèi)心的聲音，努力沖破白人世界里權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的壓制，尋找自我價(jià)值，最終獲得自我重建。 除了引言和結(jié)論外，論文共分為四章。 引言介紹了佐拉·尼爾·赫斯頓和小說(shuō)《他們眼望上蒼》，前人對(duì)《他們眼望上蒼》的研究狀況，以及本文的研究視角和理論基礎(chǔ)。 第一章比較了小說(shuō)中三代人的不同命運(yùn)。外婆南尼生活在奴隸制的殘酷壓迫之下，被自己的白人主子強(qiáng)暴后誕下一個(gè)女兒，被迫流落他鄉(xiāng)，獨(dú)自將女兒撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大。媽媽麗菲是個(gè)混血兒，在十七歲的時(shí)候遭人奸污，從此變得神志不清。女兒珍妮是這部小說(shuō)的主人公，從小由外婆撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，身上擔(dān)負(fù)著外婆的所有希望。當(dāng)她意識(shí)到自己是兩次強(qiáng)暴的產(chǎn)物時(shí)，決心不再重蹈她們悲劇的覆轍，去尋找新的生活和新的自我。珍妮勇敢地抵抗了白人世界里權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的壓制并獲得了勝利，為所有的黑人女性樹(shù)立了榜樣。 第二章分析了珍妮在白人權(quán)力話語(yǔ)世界中的無(wú)助。十六歲的珍妮嫁給了一個(gè)自己并不愛(ài)的名叫洛根的老頭，她聽(tīng)從南尼的勸說(shuō)，壓抑自己的內(nèi)心渴望，，做一個(gè)知足的妻子。在第一次婚姻中，洛根要求珍妮成為為他干活的馴服的騾子，服從自己的命令。珍妮努力扮演著騾子的角色，直到喬迪的出現(xiàn)給珍妮帶來(lái)了遙遠(yuǎn)地平線的新希望。她與喬迪的私奔宣告了第一次婚姻的結(jié)束。第二次婚姻中，富有的黑人企業(yè)家喬迪令珍妮過(guò)上了上等人的生活但是卻視珍妮為漂亮的玩偶，自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)和附屬物。在受到權(quán)力話語(yǔ)壓迫的過(guò)程中，珍妮的自我意識(shí)開(kāi)始萌發(fā)。 第三章闡述了面對(duì)權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的壓制，珍妮自我意識(shí)的覺(jué)醒。�？抡J(rèn)為，權(quán)力內(nèi)部壓迫與抵抗共存，并相互作用。珍妮不甘淪為權(quán)力話語(yǔ)壓迫的對(duì)象，她開(kāi)始逐漸擺脫外婆南尼的影響，挑戰(zhàn)洛根的權(quán)威，抗拒喬迪對(duì)自己的主宰，勇敢遵從自己內(nèi)心的聲音，追求精神的獨(dú)立和自我價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 第四章論述了珍妮的自我重建。她與第三任丈夫甜點(diǎn)心的婚姻結(jié)合是符合自己內(nèi)心聲音的決定。在法庭上為自己的成功辯護(hù)也充分體現(xiàn)了珍妮已經(jīng)成長(zhǎng)為獨(dú)立的黑人女性，能夠發(fā)出自己的聲音。回到伊頓維爾小鎮(zhèn)，珍妮平靜地向好友講述了自己的經(jīng)歷，她終于頑強(qiáng)地打破了權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的壓制，實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我重建。 結(jié)論部分綜述了全文。�？聦�(duì)權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的探究引發(fā)了本文作者對(duì)小說(shuō)《他們眼望上蒼》中非裔女性命運(yùn)的思考。非裔女性處在白人的權(quán)力話語(yǔ)世界之中，對(duì)權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的順從導(dǎo)致她們無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價(jià)值。然而，主人公珍妮內(nèi)心渴望自我實(shí)現(xiàn)和自我肯定，她勇敢抵抗權(quán)力話語(yǔ)的壓制并最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我重建，并為廣大非裔女性走出窘境，掌握自己的命運(yùn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)人生價(jià)值提供了啟示。
[Abstract]:Zola Neil Hurston is one of the most outstanding black female writers in African American literature in the 20th century and the backbone of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1930s. Her life was criticized until the 1970s, when scholars discovered her from the dust of history and got the attention she deserved. She was praised as a "worthy woman". The pioneer of contemporary black American literature and the mother of black American women's literature. Many famous black women writers in the 20th century, such as Tony Morrison, Alice Walker and so on, were deeply influenced by her. The novel "They See God" published in 1937 is Hurston's masterpiece. As the first exhibition of black women's self in the history of black literature. Awakening literature, this novel has a landmark significance. Today, this novel is not only a classic of black literature, but also the classic of 20th century American literature.
Since the 1970s, scholars at home and abroad have studied the novel from different perspectives, such as feminism, feminism, racial culture, black folklore, and the theme of growth. This paper, from the perspective of Michelle Foucault's theory of power discourse, re-interprets the fate of Jenny, the heroine of the novel, and her grandmother's submission to oppression. The fate of Jenny is different. Instead of accepting the tragic fate of the traditional black women, Jenny bravely obeys her inner voice and tries to break through the oppression of power discourse in the white world to find her own value and finally to rebuild herself.
Besides the introduction and conclusion, the thesis is divided into four chapters.
The introduction introduces Zola Neil Hurston and the novel "They Look Up at God". The previous studies on "They Look Up at God". The research perspectives and theoretical basis of this paper are also introduced.
The first chapter compares the different fates of three generations in the novel.Grandmother Nanny lives under the cruel oppression of slavery, is raped by her own white master, gives birth to a daughter, is forced to exile and raise her daughter alone.Her mother, Lifei, is a mixed-race child, was raped at the age of seventeen, and then becomes unconscious. When she realized that she was the product of two rapes, she decided not to repeat their tragic mistakes, to find a new life and a new self. Jenny bravely resisted the oppression of power discourse in the white world and won. Li has set an example for all black women.
The second chapter analyzes Jenny's helplessness in the white power discourse world. Sixteen-year-old Jenny marries an old man named Logan who she does not love. She obeys Nanny's advice, suppresses her inner desire and becomes a contented wife. Her orders. Jenny tried to play the role of a mule until Jody's appearance brought new hope to Jenny's distant horizon. Her elopement with Jody declared the end of her first marriage. In the process of being oppressed by the discourse of power, Jenny's self-consciousness began to germinate.
Chapter Three expounds the awakening of Jenny's self-consciousness in the face of the oppression of power discourse. Foucault holds that oppression and resistance coexist within power and interact with each other. Jenny refuses to become the object of oppression of power discourse. She gradually gets rid of Grandma Nanny's influence, challenges Logan's authority, resists Jody's domination of herself and bravely obeys herself. The inner voice seeks the independence of spirit and the realization of self worth.
Chapter Four deals with Jenny's self-renewal. Her marriage to her third husband's dessert was a decision that matched her inner voice. After describing her own experience, she finally stubbornly broke the suppression of power discourse and realized her self reconstruction.
Foucault's exploration of power discourse leads to the author's reflections on the fate of African-American women in the novel They See God. African-American women are in the white power discourse world, and their obedience to power discourse makes them unable to realize their self-worth. And self-affirmation, she bravely resists the oppression of power discourse and finally realizes self-reconstruction, and provides inspiration for the majority of African-American women to get out of the predicament, master their own destiny and realize the value of life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
本文編號(hào)：2220040
[Abstract]:Zola Neil Hurston is one of the most outstanding black female writers in African American literature in the 20th century and the backbone of the Harlem Renaissance in the 1930s. Her life was criticized until the 1970s, when scholars discovered her from the dust of history and got the attention she deserved. She was praised as a "worthy woman". The pioneer of contemporary black American literature and the mother of black American women's literature. Many famous black women writers in the 20th century, such as Tony Morrison, Alice Walker and so on, were deeply influenced by her. The novel "They See God" published in 1937 is Hurston's masterpiece. As the first exhibition of black women's self in the history of black literature. Awakening literature, this novel has a landmark significance. Today, this novel is not only a classic of black literature, but also the classic of 20th century American literature.
Since the 1970s, scholars at home and abroad have studied the novel from different perspectives, such as feminism, feminism, racial culture, black folklore, and the theme of growth. This paper, from the perspective of Michelle Foucault's theory of power discourse, re-interprets the fate of Jenny, the heroine of the novel, and her grandmother's submission to oppression. The fate of Jenny is different. Instead of accepting the tragic fate of the traditional black women, Jenny bravely obeys her inner voice and tries to break through the oppression of power discourse in the white world to find her own value and finally to rebuild herself.
Besides the introduction and conclusion, the thesis is divided into four chapters.
The introduction introduces Zola Neil Hurston and the novel "They Look Up at God". The previous studies on "They Look Up at God". The research perspectives and theoretical basis of this paper are also introduced.
The first chapter compares the different fates of three generations in the novel.Grandmother Nanny lives under the cruel oppression of slavery, is raped by her own white master, gives birth to a daughter, is forced to exile and raise her daughter alone.Her mother, Lifei, is a mixed-race child, was raped at the age of seventeen, and then becomes unconscious. When she realized that she was the product of two rapes, she decided not to repeat their tragic mistakes, to find a new life and a new self. Jenny bravely resisted the oppression of power discourse in the white world and won. Li has set an example for all black women.
The second chapter analyzes Jenny's helplessness in the white power discourse world. Sixteen-year-old Jenny marries an old man named Logan who she does not love. She obeys Nanny's advice, suppresses her inner desire and becomes a contented wife. Her orders. Jenny tried to play the role of a mule until Jody's appearance brought new hope to Jenny's distant horizon. Her elopement with Jody declared the end of her first marriage. In the process of being oppressed by the discourse of power, Jenny's self-consciousness began to germinate.
Chapter Three expounds the awakening of Jenny's self-consciousness in the face of the oppression of power discourse. Foucault holds that oppression and resistance coexist within power and interact with each other. Jenny refuses to become the object of oppression of power discourse. She gradually gets rid of Grandma Nanny's influence, challenges Logan's authority, resists Jody's domination of herself and bravely obeys herself. The inner voice seeks the independence of spirit and the realization of self worth.
Chapter Four deals with Jenny's self-renewal. Her marriage to her third husband's dessert was a decision that matched her inner voice. After describing her own experience, she finally stubbornly broke the suppression of power discourse and realized her self reconstruction.
Foucault's exploration of power discourse leads to the author's reflections on the fate of African-American women in the novel They See God. African-American women are in the white power discourse world, and their obedience to power discourse makes them unable to realize their self-worth. And self-affirmation, she bravely resists the oppression of power discourse and finally realizes self-reconstruction, and provides inspiration for the majority of African-American women to get out of the predicament, master their own destiny and realize the value of life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
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