【摘要】：稱謂語是發(fā)話人用來稱呼交際對(duì)方的用語,對(duì)它的得體使用對(duì)交際者意義重大。作為語言系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分,稱謂語的研究成為社會(huì)語言學(xué)的一個(gè)重要課題。稱謂語的使用能為整個(gè)交際活動(dòng)定下基調(diào),能清楚地反映交際雙方之間的社會(huì)關(guān)系和社會(huì)地位,同時(shí)也不可避免的受到各種語境因素的影響和制約,而稱謂語對(duì)交際雙方的社會(huì)關(guān)系和地位的反映也只有在具體的語境中才得以體現(xiàn)。由于交際雙方具體的社會(huì)關(guān)系,所處的交際場(chǎng)合,交際對(duì)象的心理變化,及其社會(huì)意識(shí)形態(tài)的多變性,因此,稱謂語的選擇和使用也必然會(huì)隨之發(fā)生變化,呈現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)變化特征。另外,由于社會(huì)對(duì)男女兩性定位的不同,在稱謂使用上必然會(huì)受到社會(huì)文化因素的影響,稱謂語的使用具有性別上的差異。因此,女性社會(huì)稱謂語的選擇和使用情況和過程,則是對(duì)某一時(shí)期女性的社會(huì)地位和所扮演的社會(huì)角色在具體社會(huì)文化環(huán)境中的反映。 本文以布朗(Brown)和吉爾曼(Gilman)的“權(quán)勢(shì)與等同”語義理論、馬林諾夫斯基的“情景語境”理論為框架,以女性社會(huì)稱謂為切入點(diǎn),以英國(guó)作家薩克雷的作品《名利場(chǎng)》(Vanity Fair)中的人物對(duì)話為語料,采用定性分析為主的方法,研究作品中兩位主人公Becky和Amelia在社會(huì)稱謂語選擇和使用上的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,進(jìn)而探究造成這些變化的社會(huì)文化因素,如社會(huì)身份、社會(huì)地位、社會(huì)環(huán)境、交際語境、社會(huì)意識(shí)形態(tài)和情感變化等。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),交際雙方的社會(huì)稱謂蘊(yùn)含著一定的“權(quán)勢(shì)與等同”的語義關(guān)系。它的選擇和使用是對(duì)雙方社會(huì)地位,社會(huì)關(guān)系,人際關(guān)系,以及權(quán)勢(shì)關(guān)系的動(dòng)態(tài)體現(xiàn)。另外,受交際場(chǎng)合,交際時(shí)間,交際過程與交際對(duì)象等語境因素的影響和制約,它體現(xiàn)了交際者當(dāng)時(shí)的心理定位,以及對(duì)維護(hù)一定社會(huì)關(guān)系的心理期待。文學(xué)作品是反映社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的一面鏡子,因此,文中對(duì)女性社會(huì)稱謂語的選擇和使用的研究和分析,則是對(duì)女性在當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)文化背景下所處的社會(huì)權(quán)勢(shì)與等同關(guān)系的具體體現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Appellation is a term used by the speaker to address the communicator, and the proper use of it is of great significance to the communicator. As an important part of language system, the study of appellation has become an important subject in sociolinguistics. The use of address terms can set the tone for the whole communicative activity and clearly reflect the social relations and social status between the two parties. At the same time, they are inevitably influenced and restricted by various contextual factors. Appellation reflects the social relationship and status of both sides of communication only in the specific context. Because of the concrete social relations, the communicative situation, the psychological change of the communicative object and the variability of the social ideology, the choice and use of the appellation will inevitably change, showing the dynamic change characteristic. In addition, because of the different orientation of society to men and women, the use of appellations is bound to be influenced by social and cultural factors, and the use of appellations has gender differences. Therefore, the choice and use of female social appellations is a reflection of the social status and social role of women in a certain period in the specific social and cultural environment. This paper takes the semantic theory of "power and equivalence" of Brown (Brown) and Gilman (Gilman) as the frame, Ma Lin Noowski's "situational context" theory as the frame, and the female social appellation as the breakthrough point. Based on the dialogue between the characters in the novel Vanity Fair by the British writer, Vanity Fair, this paper studies the dynamic changes of the two protagonists, Becky and Amelia, in the choice and use of social appellations by using the qualitative analysis method. Then it explores the social and cultural factors that cause these changes, such as social identity, social status, social environment, communicative context, social ideology and emotional changes. It is found that the social appellation of both parties implies a certain semantic relationship between power and equivalence. Its choice and use are the dynamic embodiment of social status, social relationship, interpersonal relationship and power relationship. In addition, it is influenced and restricted by such contextual factors as communicative occasion, communication time, communicative process and communicative object. It reflects the psychological orientation of the communicator at that time and the psychological expectation to maintain certain social relations. Literary works are a mirror reflecting social reality. Therefore, the study and analysis of the choice and use of female social appellations is a concrete reflection of the social power and equivalence of women in the social and cultural background at that time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I561.074;H313

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本文編號(hào)：2173431