�？思{作品中的死亡主題
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-05 10:25
【摘要】：�？思{是一位偉大、豐富且極具深度的作家。他以敏銳的視角審視著身處深刻歷史變遷中的南方現(xiàn)實(shí)，刻畫(huà)西方“現(xiàn)代人”的困惑與苦惱，探索處在紛繁社會(huì)中的人們的矛盾心靈，以及他對(duì)南方的種種追憶、質(zhì)疑、憂思、期冀和作為人類自身不可回避的悲劇。他的作品既有現(xiàn)實(shí)主義具象的逼真性，也不缺乏現(xiàn)代主義的想象力，穿透力與悲觀主義，甚至還保留有西方19世紀(jì)浪漫主義文學(xué)中對(duì)英雄人物與理想形象的崇拜之情。�？思{作品的主題涉及到的領(lǐng)域極為寬廣，包括種族、宗教、女性等等。在�？思{作品的眾多主題中，他對(duì)死亡的思考和書(shū)寫占據(jù)了很大的篇幅，也是值得我們研究和思考。 死亡與愛(ài)情是文學(xué)作品中永久而古老的情結(jié)，因?yàn)閷?duì)死亡的恐懼及對(duì)異性的渴望是人類最原始最基本的心靈體驗(yàn)。所以死亡情結(jié)也就成了生命哲學(xué)的首要主題。在文學(xué)史上，偉大的作家常常會(huì)書(shū)寫死亡，在生與死的對(duì)立和選擇中，通過(guò)人物走向死亡的過(guò)程以及面對(duì)死亡的種種思考來(lái)反觀人對(duì)生命的熱愛(ài)和生命的深度。�？思{不僅是對(duì)情愛(ài)有特殊敏感的作家，也是對(duì)死亡、存在、時(shí)間一直投以熱切關(guān)注和表現(xiàn)的作家。他的作品中有大量關(guān)于死亡的描寫，如《喧嘩與騷動(dòng)》中昆丁的自殺，《我彌留之際》艾迪放棄生的希望任由病情發(fā)展而早逝，《八月之光》中海托華的妻子跳樓而死，等等。在�？思{對(duì)死亡的書(shū)寫中，有一些是遵從正常生理規(guī)律的死亡，另有一些則是奇特古怪令人深思的非正常死亡事件，如意外、謀殺、自殺等。在各種死亡現(xiàn)象的背后，是�？思{對(duì)人類最深層次恐懼的展現(xiàn)，也是對(duì)死與生的意義的反思。�？思{在創(chuàng)作中書(shū)寫死亡，不僅僅是為完成人物個(gè)體生命的軌跡，更深刻地是要抵達(dá)各個(gè)家族的興衰滅亡，進(jìn)而表現(xiàn)美國(guó)南方古老而有詩(shī)意的文化的消失。在沉重的歷史宿命中，每個(gè)人都逃脫不了時(shí)代的變化所帶來(lái)的改變。即使想“向后看”，但是最終也還是需要面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)給人們帶來(lái)的變化。那些與命運(yùn)抗?fàn)幍娜藗儯家宰约禾赜械姆绞�，唱出了南方敗落的挽歌�?�？思{為我們呈現(xiàn)了一場(chǎng)美國(guó)南方文化死亡的盛宴，這里面有哭、有笑、有愛(ài)、有恨。�？思{不是單純地描寫死亡，這里既有肉體的消亡，，更有精神的毀滅，還包括著在復(fù)雜的歷史階段中一個(gè)文化的死亡。 本論文擬從一下幾方面來(lái)淺談�？思{作品中的死亡主題。 本論文第一章是探討�？思{作品中死亡的意義。在這部分有個(gè)層面，第一層是死亡的意義是作品中的人物對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的抗?fàn)�，在部分主要分析《喧嘩與騷動(dòng)》中昆丁的死亡。第二層死亡的意義是生命的受難，這部分主要分析《在我彌留之際》中艾迪的死亡。第三層死亡的意義是死亡帶來(lái)的毀滅，這部分主要分析《圣殿》中“金魚(yú)眼”的死亡。第四層是死亡所帶來(lái)的對(duì)自我身份的確認(rèn)，這部分主要分析《八月之光》中克里斯莫斯的死亡。第五層是將死亡歸納為一面多棱鏡，它折射出了美國(guó)南方的文化現(xiàn)象、社會(huì)背景等等。 本論文的第二章，是將�？思{對(duì)死亡的書(shū)寫與他的時(shí)間觀聯(lián)系起來(lái)，�？思{的時(shí)間觀是從現(xiàn)在先后看，包含了對(duì)過(guò)去的眷念。而死亡對(duì)于�？思{的時(shí)間觀而言你僅僅是代表了一種生命狀態(tài)，同時(shí)他也深化了�？思{“向后看”的時(shí)間觀。在這部分當(dāng)中，首先介紹柏格森的時(shí)間哲學(xué)，�？思{的時(shí)間觀受柏格森的時(shí)間觀念影響巨大。在第二部分闡釋死亡與時(shí)間的關(guān)系。第三部分分析死亡與�？思{的時(shí)間觀。 本論文的第三部分時(shí)從�？思{的歷史觀這個(gè)角度入手分析�？思{作品中的而死亡主題。�？思{的歷史觀是辯證的，他實(shí)際上是在提醒南方人在崇尚過(guò)去榮耀的同時(shí)還要注重面向未來(lái)、現(xiàn)在，在尊重歷史的同時(shí)又不被歷史所限制。所以，�？思{通過(guò)對(duì)個(gè)體生命死亡的書(shū)寫，正是在暗示美國(guó)南方傳統(tǒng)文化的日益凋敝，給人以警示。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分對(duì)此前各章所涉及的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了概括、總結(jié)，對(duì)一些重要的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)調(diào)。
[Abstract]:Faulkner is a great, rich and profound writer. He examines the southern reality in profound historical changes with a sharp perspective, portrays the puzzles and anguish of "modern people" in the west, explores the paradox of the people in the complex society, and his memories of the south, questioning, worrying, hoping and being human self. His works are unavoidable tragedies. His works have realistic realism, no lack of modernist imagination, penetration and pessimism, and even the admiration of heroes and ideal images in the romantic literature of the West in the nineteenth Century. The subject of Faulkner's works involves a wide range of fields, including species. Among the themes of Faulkner's works, his thinking and writing about death occupy a large space, which is also worth studying and thinking about.
Death and love are the permanent and ancient complex of literary works, because the fear of death and the desire for the opposite are the most primitive and basic spiritual experience of human beings. So the death complex has become the primary theme of life philosophy. In the history of literature, the great writers often write death, in the opposition and choice of life and death, and in the choice of life and death. Faulkner is not only a writer who is particularly sensitive to love, but also a writer of death, existence, and time that has been devoted and expressive to death. There are a lot of descriptions of death, such as the noise and the fury. The suicide of Quentin, < me as I lay dying, > Addie's hope of giving up his life is to die early. < August > CNOOC's wife's death, and so on. In Faulkner's writing of death, some are dead in compliance with normal physiological laws, and others are strange and thought-provoking deaths. On the back of all kinds of death, Faulkner shows the deepest fear of mankind, and is also a reflection on the meaning of death and life. Faulkner writes death in his writing, not only to complete the individual life of the characters, but also to reach the rise and fall of the families, and then to show the ancient American South. The old and poetic culture disappears. In the heavy historical destiny, everyone can't escape the changes brought about by the changes of the times. Even if you want to "look back", they still need to face the change that the reality brings to the people. Those who fight against the fate are singing the South defeat Elegy in their own way.
Faulkner gave us a feast for the death of southern American culture. There were crying, laughter, love, and hatred. Faulkner did not simply describe death, there was the death of the body, the destruction of the spirit, and a literary death in the complex historical stage.
This thesis intends to talk about the theme of death in Faulkner's works from several aspects.
The first chapter of this thesis is to discuss the meaning of death in Faulkner's works. In this part, the first layer is that the meaning of death is the resistance of the characters to the reality in the work. In part, it analyzes the death of Quentin in the noise and the riot. The meaning of the second layer of death is the difficulty of life. The death of Addie. The meaning of the third layer of death is the destruction brought by death. This part mainly analyzes the death of the "golden fish eye" in the temple. The fourth layer is the confirmation of the self identity brought by death. This part mainly analyzes the death of Chris and Moss in the light of August. The fifth layer is the induction of death as a prism, which refracts The cultural phenomenon, social background, and so on in the south of the United States.
The second chapter of this thesis is to link Faulkner's writing of death with his view of time. Faulkner's view of time is from now on, including the memory of the past. And death is only a state of life for Faulkner's view of time, and he also deepens Faulkner's view of "looking back". In this part, we first introduce Bergson's philosophy of time. Faulkner's view of time is greatly influenced by Bergson's time concept. In the second part, the relationship between death and time is explained. The third part analyses the time view of death and Faulkner.
The third part of this thesis analyzes the theme of death in Faulkner's works from the point of view of Faulkner's history. Faulkner's view of history is dialectical. In fact, he is reminding the southerners to pay attention to the future while advocating the glory of the past, and now, while respecting the history, it is not restricted by history. Faulkner's writing on the death of individual life is a reminder that the traditional culture in the south of the United States is increasingly languished.
The conclusion summarizes the problems involved in the previous chapters and highlights some important points.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
本文編號(hào)：2165511
[Abstract]:Faulkner is a great, rich and profound writer. He examines the southern reality in profound historical changes with a sharp perspective, portrays the puzzles and anguish of "modern people" in the west, explores the paradox of the people in the complex society, and his memories of the south, questioning, worrying, hoping and being human self. His works are unavoidable tragedies. His works have realistic realism, no lack of modernist imagination, penetration and pessimism, and even the admiration of heroes and ideal images in the romantic literature of the West in the nineteenth Century. The subject of Faulkner's works involves a wide range of fields, including species. Among the themes of Faulkner's works, his thinking and writing about death occupy a large space, which is also worth studying and thinking about.
Death and love are the permanent and ancient complex of literary works, because the fear of death and the desire for the opposite are the most primitive and basic spiritual experience of human beings. So the death complex has become the primary theme of life philosophy. In the history of literature, the great writers often write death, in the opposition and choice of life and death, and in the choice of life and death. Faulkner is not only a writer who is particularly sensitive to love, but also a writer of death, existence, and time that has been devoted and expressive to death. There are a lot of descriptions of death, such as the noise and the fury. The suicide of Quentin, < me as I lay dying, > Addie's hope of giving up his life is to die early. < August > CNOOC's wife's death, and so on. In Faulkner's writing of death, some are dead in compliance with normal physiological laws, and others are strange and thought-provoking deaths. On the back of all kinds of death, Faulkner shows the deepest fear of mankind, and is also a reflection on the meaning of death and life. Faulkner writes death in his writing, not only to complete the individual life of the characters, but also to reach the rise and fall of the families, and then to show the ancient American South. The old and poetic culture disappears. In the heavy historical destiny, everyone can't escape the changes brought about by the changes of the times. Even if you want to "look back", they still need to face the change that the reality brings to the people. Those who fight against the fate are singing the South defeat Elegy in their own way.
Faulkner gave us a feast for the death of southern American culture. There were crying, laughter, love, and hatred. Faulkner did not simply describe death, there was the death of the body, the destruction of the spirit, and a literary death in the complex historical stage.
This thesis intends to talk about the theme of death in Faulkner's works from several aspects.
The first chapter of this thesis is to discuss the meaning of death in Faulkner's works. In this part, the first layer is that the meaning of death is the resistance of the characters to the reality in the work. In part, it analyzes the death of Quentin in the noise and the riot. The meaning of the second layer of death is the difficulty of life. The death of Addie. The meaning of the third layer of death is the destruction brought by death. This part mainly analyzes the death of the "golden fish eye" in the temple. The fourth layer is the confirmation of the self identity brought by death. This part mainly analyzes the death of Chris and Moss in the light of August. The fifth layer is the induction of death as a prism, which refracts The cultural phenomenon, social background, and so on in the south of the United States.
The second chapter of this thesis is to link Faulkner's writing of death with his view of time. Faulkner's view of time is from now on, including the memory of the past. And death is only a state of life for Faulkner's view of time, and he also deepens Faulkner's view of "looking back". In this part, we first introduce Bergson's philosophy of time. Faulkner's view of time is greatly influenced by Bergson's time concept. In the second part, the relationship between death and time is explained. The third part analyses the time view of death and Faulkner.
The third part of this thesis analyzes the theme of death in Faulkner's works from the point of view of Faulkner's history. Faulkner's view of history is dialectical. In fact, he is reminding the southerners to pay attention to the future while advocating the glory of the past, and now, while respecting the history, it is not restricted by history. Faulkner's writing on the death of individual life is a reminder that the traditional culture in the south of the United States is increasingly languished.
The conclusion summarizes the problems involved in the previous chapters and highlights some important points.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 任翔;愛(ài)倫·坡的詩(shī)歌:書(shū)寫與死亡的生命沉思[J];外國(guó)文學(xué)研究;2004年02期
本文編號(hào)：2165511
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