魏晉玄言詩與英國玄學(xué)詩之詩學(xué)比較
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-17 05:12
【摘要】：公元三至四世紀(jì)的魏晉玄言詩和十七世紀(jì)英國玄學(xué)詩，二者產(chǎn)生的文化歷史背景和具體呈現(xiàn)的詩歌精神和美學(xué)風(fēng)格天差地別，但都是有別于傳統(tǒng)敘事詩和抒情詩的智性化的詩歌，而且它們在各自的這一詩歌傳統(tǒng)的形成過程中具有奠基性和典型意義。魏晉玄言詩是對以抒情性為根本特征的《詩經(jīng)》、《楚辭》、漢樂府詩和建安詩歌的反撥，它在玄學(xué)思潮的影響下對詩的玄理化做出了第一次大規(guī)模的努力，對中國詩歌藝術(shù)審美境界和精神空間的拓展、詩歌新思維形式的形成與運用起到了開創(chuàng)性的作用，同樣，玄言詩的實踐對詩歌語言進行了一次“革命”，從而使人在智性語言中詩意地言說，使人在語言中獲得一種新的存在，從而建構(gòu)了中國古典詩學(xué)中有別于儒家詩教的另一種話語，盡管東晉以后玄言詩長期被貶斥被冷落，但實際上它對山水詩、田園詩、唐代具有禪宗意味的詩和宋詩產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。如果說建安詩歌確立了文人抒情詩傳統(tǒng)，那么，玄言詩開創(chuàng)了智性化的文人詩詩歌傳統(tǒng)，它們共同促成了人的覺醒和文學(xué)的覺醒。同樣，玄學(xué)詩是對英國文藝復(fù)興時期受人文主義思潮和宗教改革影響而具有強烈個人精神的抒情詩的智性化反思和改造，玄學(xué)詩人以博學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)，秉著懷疑精神，用奇喻、悖論等巧智手法將英詩推向了前所未有的新的高度，正因此，玄學(xué)詩在20世紀(jì)重新被發(fā)現(xiàn)，并得到了諸如艾略特、帕斯和布羅茨基等具有世界影響的大詩人的繼承和發(fā)揚。 因此，本文從兩個方面系統(tǒng)地對玄言詩和玄學(xué)詩進行平行比較研究，首先從詩歌與宗教和哲學(xué)的深層關(guān)系即文化精神系統(tǒng)來闡明和比較玄言詩和玄學(xué)詩所具有的形而上品格，屬于外部研究；然后，分析比較玄言詩和玄學(xué)詩在詩歌智性化的道路上所呈現(xiàn)的詩歌精神和詩藝，屬于內(nèi)部研究。通過這一研究，我們除了揭示玄言詩和玄學(xué)詩在各自的詩歌歷史中，在確立了智性化詩歌的傳統(tǒng)之后，，開啟了抒情詩和智性化詩歌這兩大詩歌傳統(tǒng)交替或并存的歷史演變機制這一重要詩學(xué)意義外，努力嘗試在中西詩歌和詩學(xué)之間建立一個新的對話交流的基礎(chǔ)，即智性化詩學(xué)上的相互闡發(fā)，進而對中國古典詩歌理論的現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型和對當(dāng)今中國詩歌理論的構(gòu)建以及詩歌創(chuàng)作帶來有益的啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:The metaphysical poems of the Wei and Jin dynasties from the third to the fourth century AD and the English metaphysics poems of the 17th century, the cultural and historical background and the poetic spirit and aesthetic style presented in the two poems are very different from each other. But they are all different from the traditional narrative poems and lyric poems, and they have the foundation and typical significance in the formation of their respective poetic tradition. The metaphysical poems of Wei and Jin dynasties are the first large-scale efforts to improve the metaphysics of poetry under the influence of metaphysics, such as the Book of songs, songs of Chu, Han Yuefu poetry and Jian'an poetry, which are characterized by lyricism. It has played a pioneering role in the development of aesthetic realm and spiritual space of Chinese poetry, and the formation and application of new forms of thinking in poetry. Similarly, the practice of metaphysical poetry has carried on a "revolution" in poetic language. So that people can speak poetically in intellectual language, get a new existence in language, and construct another kind of discourse in Chinese classical poetics, which is different from Confucian poetry, although metaphysical poetry has long been condemned and neglected after the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In fact, it had a profound influence on landscape poetry, idyllic poetry, Zen poetry in Tang Dynasty and Song poetry. If Jianan's poetry establishes the tradition of literati lyric poetry, metaphysical poetry creates the intellectual poetic tradition of literati poetry, which together contributes to the awakening of man and literature. Similarly, metaphysical poetry is the intellectual reflection and transformation of lyric poems with strong personal spirit influenced by humanism and religious reform in the British Renaissance. Metaphysical poets are based on erudite, with a spirit of doubt and strange metaphors. Paradox and other clever techniques have pushed English poetry to an unprecedented new height. Therefore, metaphysical poetry was rediscovered in the 20th century and inherited and carried forward by great poets such as Eliot, Paz and Brodsky. Therefore, this paper systematically studies metaphysical poems and metaphysical poems from two aspects. Firstly, the metaphysical characters of metaphysical poems and metaphysical poems are elucidated and compared from the deep relationship between poetry and religion and philosophy, that is, the cultural spirit system. Secondly, it is an internal study to analyze and compare the poetic spirit and art of metaphysical poetry and metaphysical poetry on the way of intellectual poetry. Through this study, in addition to revealing metaphysical poetry and metaphysical poetry in their respective poetry history, after the establishment of intellectual poetry tradition, In addition to the important poetic significance of the historical evolution mechanism of the alternation or coexistence of the two poetic traditions, lyric poetry and intellectual poetry, it tries to establish a new basis for dialogue and exchange between Chinese and Western poetry and poetics. That is to say, the mutual analysis of intellectual poetics will bring beneficial inspiration to the modern transformation of Chinese classical poetry theory, to the construction of contemporary Chinese poetry theory and to the creation of poetry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I106.2-03
本文編號：2129164
[Abstract]:The metaphysical poems of the Wei and Jin dynasties from the third to the fourth century AD and the English metaphysics poems of the 17th century, the cultural and historical background and the poetic spirit and aesthetic style presented in the two poems are very different from each other. But they are all different from the traditional narrative poems and lyric poems, and they have the foundation and typical significance in the formation of their respective poetic tradition. The metaphysical poems of Wei and Jin dynasties are the first large-scale efforts to improve the metaphysics of poetry under the influence of metaphysics, such as the Book of songs, songs of Chu, Han Yuefu poetry and Jian'an poetry, which are characterized by lyricism. It has played a pioneering role in the development of aesthetic realm and spiritual space of Chinese poetry, and the formation and application of new forms of thinking in poetry. Similarly, the practice of metaphysical poetry has carried on a "revolution" in poetic language. So that people can speak poetically in intellectual language, get a new existence in language, and construct another kind of discourse in Chinese classical poetics, which is different from Confucian poetry, although metaphysical poetry has long been condemned and neglected after the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In fact, it had a profound influence on landscape poetry, idyllic poetry, Zen poetry in Tang Dynasty and Song poetry. If Jianan's poetry establishes the tradition of literati lyric poetry, metaphysical poetry creates the intellectual poetic tradition of literati poetry, which together contributes to the awakening of man and literature. Similarly, metaphysical poetry is the intellectual reflection and transformation of lyric poems with strong personal spirit influenced by humanism and religious reform in the British Renaissance. Metaphysical poets are based on erudite, with a spirit of doubt and strange metaphors. Paradox and other clever techniques have pushed English poetry to an unprecedented new height. Therefore, metaphysical poetry was rediscovered in the 20th century and inherited and carried forward by great poets such as Eliot, Paz and Brodsky. Therefore, this paper systematically studies metaphysical poems and metaphysical poems from two aspects. Firstly, the metaphysical characters of metaphysical poems and metaphysical poems are elucidated and compared from the deep relationship between poetry and religion and philosophy, that is, the cultural spirit system. Secondly, it is an internal study to analyze and compare the poetic spirit and art of metaphysical poetry and metaphysical poetry on the way of intellectual poetry. Through this study, in addition to revealing metaphysical poetry and metaphysical poetry in their respective poetry history, after the establishment of intellectual poetry tradition, In addition to the important poetic significance of the historical evolution mechanism of the alternation or coexistence of the two poetic traditions, lyric poetry and intellectual poetry, it tries to establish a new basis for dialogue and exchange between Chinese and Western poetry and poetics. That is to say, the mutual analysis of intellectual poetics will bring beneficial inspiration to the modern transformation of Chinese classical poetry theory, to the construction of contemporary Chinese poetry theory and to the creation of poetry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：I106.2-03
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