本文選題：《人性的污穢》 + 拉康　； 參考：《華僑大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在《人性的污穢》中，菲利普·羅斯（1933-）以細(xì)膩的筆觸，敏銳的洞察力，剖析人物的內(nèi)心世界，探討基于欲望的各種生存方式：小說中的主人公游離在現(xiàn)實與虛幻之間，脫離自己的種族，以一種悖論的方式追尋自我，欲求不可得之物；其他角色似乎也在上演一幕幕被“欲火”焚身的慘劇，被嫉妒，仇恨和絕望所吞噬。欲望是該小說著力表現(xiàn)的主題，而欲望問題也是精神分析的重要內(nèi)容，這是本論文的理據(jù)之所在。 雅克·拉康（1901-1981）是當(dāng)代精神分析大師，對欲望有著獨特的見解。拉康認(rèn)為人的欲望是一種基于缺乏的欲望，欲望對象本質(zhì)上是一種缺乏，總是在象征秩序的彼岸，是永遠(yuǎn)延遲的東西。依托其“鏡像理論”，拉康指出欲望從一開始就是以“他人”的欲望形式顯現(xiàn)，因此，“他性”是人類主體的根本屬性。但當(dāng)主體經(jīng)歷了鏡像階段進(jìn)入象征界，，欲望變成“他者”的欲望。拉康的欲望理論揭示欲望真諦的同時，也探討了欲望背后隱藏的東西及欲望對人類主體的建構(gòu)作用。本文運用拉康的欲望理論分析小說文本，試圖更深入地探討《人性的污穢》中的欲望問題。 小說中主要人物以悖論的方式欲求不可得之物，其深層動因與鏡像階段的體驗不無關(guān)系。本文從宏觀和微觀兩個層面考察《人性的污穢》中的鏡像維度，即社會歷史語境和個體的無意識世界，從而發(fā)現(xiàn)鏡像在主體構(gòu)建和欲望追尋過程中既是一種推動力，也是一種破壞力。鑒于羅斯的創(chuàng)作理念和該小說的敘事策略，筆者還探討了欲望和敘事的關(guān)系：敘事是欲望的載體；欲望是敘事的發(fā)動機。 本文以拉康的欲望理論為框架，將理論滲透到文本分析中，力圖更透徹地理解欲望在人物精神活動和身份構(gòu)建中的作用。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，正是在欲望的驅(qū)使下，主體不斷探討生存最徹底的維度，突破外界的束縛。從中，我們可以看到羅斯對欲望的獨特見解。
[Abstract]:In "the filth of Human Nature", Philip Ross (1933-) analyzes the inner world of the characters with exquisite brushwork, sharp insight, and explores the various ways of life based on desire: the protagonist in the novel drifts between reality and illusion. Separate from one's own race, pursue oneself in a paradoxical way, seeking the unreachable things; other characters seem to have staged scenes of horrors, engulfed by jealousy, hatred, and despair. Desire is the theme of the novel, and the question of desire is also an important part of psychoanalysis, which is the motivation of this thesis. Jacques Lacan (1901-1981) is a contemporary psychoanalytic master with a unique view of desire. Lacan holds that human desire is a desire based on lack, and the object of desire is essentially a lack, always on the other side of the symbolic order, something that is always delayed. Relying on his "mirror theory", Lacan points out that desire is manifested in the form of "other's" desire from the beginning, so "otherness" is the fundamental attribute of human subject. But when the subject goes through the mirroring stage and enters the symbolic realm, desire becomes the desire of the other. While Lacan's theory of desire reveals the true meaning of desire, it also probes into the hidden things behind desire and the constructional effect of desire on human subject. This paper uses Lacan's desire theory to analyze the text of the novel, and tries to probe into the problem of lust in "the filth of Human Nature". The deep motivation of the main characters in the novel is related to the experience of mirror stage. This paper examines the mirror dimension in the pollution of Human Nature from the macro and micro aspects, that is, the social and historical context and the unconscious world of the individual, and finds that the mirror image is both a driving force in the process of the subject construction and the pursuit of desire. It is also a destructive power. In view of Ross' creative idea and the narrative strategy of the novel, the author also discusses the relationship between desire and narrative: narrative is the carrier of desire and desire is the engine of narrative. This paper takes Lacan's desire theory as the frame, penetrates the theory into the text analysis, tries to understand the desire in the character spirit activity and the identity construction function thoroughly. We find that it is under the drive of desire that the subject constantly explores the most thorough dimension of existence and breaks through the bondage of the outside world. In this we can see Ross's unique view of desire.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華僑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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