本文選題：麥田里的守望者 + 都市文化�。� 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為一部風(fēng)靡了大半個世紀(jì)的小說,《麥田》因其塑造的追求自由反叛的主人公形象和深刻的主題而備受關(guān)注。在小說中,都市是一個隱匿的存在,但是它的功能和文化價值觀卻對主人公的人生產(chǎn)生了無形而又深刻的影響,小說中出現(xiàn)的都市空間不僅僅是小說情節(jié)設(shè)置的需要,更是作為都市文化的載體,反映出時代和社會的共同特征：開放的、快速變化的人情關(guān)系,膚淺、表面化、缺少對人性的內(nèi)在關(guān)懷等等,它是小說所提供的批判都市文化消極影響的一個現(xiàn)實佐證。作者更借助于一系列都市意象,如街道、紅色獵人帽、鴨子、旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬等,將人對都市的感覺和經(jīng)驗與客觀形象相融合,從更加深廣的語境中對人生真理和價值進(jìn)行了追問。本文借助齊美爾的相關(guān)都市理論,從都市文化的角度對小說《麥田里的守望者》進(jìn)行解讀,通過分析小說中的重點人物形象、都市空間描寫及意象設(shè)置,從而深入挖掘出小說中都市的現(xiàn)代化生活及其產(chǎn)生的制度約束對人的生存狀態(tài)、命運(yùn)走向的影響。 本文分為六章： 第一章即引言部分,主要對小說的作者、作品和論文的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行綜述及對寫作意圖、結(jié)構(gòu)等作簡要概括。 第二章是全篇論文中詳細(xì)說明理論框架的部分,借助齊美爾的關(guān)于都市的相關(guān)理論對都市文化對人的制度規(guī)訓(xùn)作用、都市空間對于人的生存以及都市的意象意義等分別做了論證和闡釋。 第三章主要是解讀小說中出現(xiàn)的各類人物包括主人公霍爾頓、他的兩個同學(xué)和兩位老師,重點解讀霍爾頓與大環(huán)境的不相容的根本原因；而通過對他的兩位老師斯賓塞老師和安托里尼先生的形象進(jìn)行對比性分析,證明他們實際上是制度化社會的維護(hù)者；小說還塑造了另外兩個和霍爾頓一樣受教育的青少年形象,即他的兩個同學(xué)阿克萊和斯特拉德萊塔,他們都是都市制度化生活的受害者。 第四章重點分析小說中出現(xiàn)的各個都市生活場景：旅館、酒吧、博物館、電影院,在小說中,它們代表著一種社會性,它們塑造著都市中的生活方式和固有的心理范式。主人公在都市空間中可以隨處游蕩,但卻不能擺脫這種都市文化的約束,因為它們正是作為都市文化的載體而存在。 第五章摘取了小說中幾個重要的都市意象：街道、紅色獵人帽、水池里的鴨子、旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬等,并逐個進(jìn)行了解讀,這些都市意象的象征意義揭示了小說的主旨所在,那就是關(guān)于故事主人公霍爾頓未來走向的問題,更是關(guān)于現(xiàn)代都市化生活中人生命運(yùn)抉擇的問題。 結(jié)語部分則是對論文內(nèi)容做了進(jìn)一步的提煉、總結(jié)和概括。
[Abstract]:As a popular novel for more than half a century, the Rye has attracted much attention because of its image and profound theme of the pursuit of freedom rebellion. In the novel, the city is a hidden existence, but its function and cultural values have an invisible and profound influence on the protagonist's life. The urban space appearing in the novel is not just the need of the plot setting of the novel. As a carrier of urban culture, it reflects the common characteristics of the times and society: open, rapidly changing human relations, superficial, lack of inherent care for human nature, etc. It is a realistic evidence of the negative impact of critical urban culture provided by the novel. By means of a series of urban images, such as street, red hunter hat, duck, merry-go-round and so on, the author combines people's feeling and experience of city with objective image, and inquires into the truth and value of life from a deeper and broader context. With the help of Zimmer's theory of the city, this paper interprets the novel Catcher in the Rye from the angle of urban culture, and analyzes the characters, the description of urban space and the setting of image in the novel. Thus, the author deeply excavates the influence of the modern life of the city and the institutional constraints on the existence and fate of the people in the novel. This article is divided into six chapters: the first chapter is the introduction part, mainly to the novel author, the work and the thesis related literature to carry on the summary as well as to the writing intention, the structure and so on to make the brief summary. The second chapter is the part of the whole paper to explain the theoretical framework in detail, with the help of Zimmer's theory on the city of urban culture on the role of institutional discipline, Urban space for the survival of people and the meaning of the image of the city were demonstrated and explained. The third chapter mainly interprets all kinds of characters appearing in the novel, including the protagonist Holden, his two classmates and two teachers. Through a comparative analysis of the images of his two teachers, Mr. Spencer and Mr. Antolini, it is proved that they are in fact the guardians of an institutionalized society, and that the novel also shapes two other images of teenagers who are as educated as Holden. Two of his classmates, Aclair and Stratedretta, were victims of institutionalized urban life. The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the urban life scenes in the novel: hotels, bars, museums, cinemas, in the novel, they represent a kind of social, they shape the urban lifestyle and inherent psychological paradigm. The protagonist can wander everywhere in urban space, but he can't get rid of the restriction of this kind of urban culture, because they exist as the carrier of urban culture. The fifth chapter extracts several important urban images in the novel: streets, red hunter hats, ducks in the pool, merry-go-round and so on, and interprets them one by one. The symbolic meaning of these urban images reveals the main purpose of the novel. It is about the future direction of Holden, but also about the choice of life and destiny in modern urban life. The conclusion part is to further refine, summarize and generalize the content of the thesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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