本文選題：布爾加科夫 + 《大師和瑪格麗特》��； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：米哈伊爾·阿法納西耶維奇·布爾加科夫(1891—1940)被稱為“二十世紀(jì)的果戈理”，是二十世紀(jì)蘇聯(lián)著名的小說(shuō)家、戲劇家，以其歷時(shí)12年創(chuàng)作的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《大師和瑪格麗特》而聞名于世。該小說(shuō)是誕生于蘇聯(lián)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的紅色主流之下“離經(jīng)叛道“的奇異作品，因此被“默殺”長(zhǎng)達(dá)26年之久后，，才得以正式發(fā)表，與讀者見(jiàn)面。小說(shuō)一經(jīng)發(fā)表便因其不與主流意識(shí)形態(tài)同流合污的品格、獨(dú)特的寫作特色、豐富多樣的主題思想而引起了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者及評(píng)論家普遍的關(guān)注和熱議，被稱為是神話小說(shuō)、情感小說(shuō)、宗教教誨錄、傳奇小說(shuō)，甚至是超小說(shuō)，在蘇聯(lián)掀起三次布爾加科夫研究熱潮，影響遍及世界，成為20世紀(jì)一部經(jīng)典之作。 本論文主要運(yùn)用巴赫金的復(fù)調(diào)小說(shuō)理論，分析闡釋《大師和瑪格麗特》的復(fù)調(diào)性特征。復(fù)調(diào)小說(shuō)理論強(qiáng)調(diào)主人公的獨(dú)立意志，這就需要作者在構(gòu)思時(shí)處于與主人公平等的地位，需要不同思想意識(shí)的平等對(duì)話，在結(jié)構(gòu)布局及形象塑造上產(chǎn)生對(duì)位關(guān)系，從而使最終產(chǎn)生的小說(shuō)文本充滿未知性、未定論性。論文由緒論、對(duì)話性、對(duì)位性、未完成性及結(jié)語(yǔ)五個(gè)部分組成，緒論部分主要介紹了布爾加科夫其人其作、《大師和瑪格麗特》的國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、本論文研究的目的意義以及所采用的理論和方法；第二部分對(duì)話性，通過(guò)作者與主人公的對(duì)話、主人公的自我對(duì)話及多聲部的大狂歡三方面的論證，揭示出作者在小說(shuō)構(gòu)思上，把社會(huì)變革時(shí)期各種暗流涌動(dòng)的思潮統(tǒng)統(tǒng)納入對(duì)話之中，使其在對(duì)話中存在、發(fā)展，顯示出區(qū)別于獨(dú)白型小說(shuō)的開(kāi)放性特點(diǎn)；第三部分對(duì)位性，論證了小說(shuō)情節(jié)線索與人物形象兩個(gè)方面的對(duì)位關(guān)系，突出小說(shuō)的復(fù)調(diào)特性；第四部分未完成性，通過(guò)人物性格的不斷變化發(fā)展和時(shí)空的跳躍與突變兩方面的論證，揭示出復(fù)調(diào)小說(shuō)在語(yǔ)境上的未完成、未定論性，使小說(shuō)具有了無(wú)窮的張力；結(jié)語(yǔ)部分概括總結(jié)了本論文的主要內(nèi)容，突出強(qiáng)調(diào)小說(shuō)的復(fù)調(diào)特色，以及隱藏在復(fù)調(diào)文本中的作者的真實(shí)意圖。 本文主要采用文本分析、社會(huì)心理學(xué)分析、比較分析的方法對(duì)《大師和瑪格麗特》創(chuàng)作上的復(fù)調(diào)性特征加以闡釋，試圖發(fā)掘布爾加科夫在小說(shuō)構(gòu)思方面的探索與嘗試，深入挖掘一個(gè)偉大的作家在蘇聯(lián)主流意識(shí)形態(tài)下對(duì)自我及藝術(shù)陣地的堅(jiān)持與堅(jiān)守，以及對(duì)蘇聯(lián)及整個(gè)人類社會(huì)未來(lái)走向的觀照與追問(wèn)。
[Abstract]:Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov (1891-1940), known as Gogol of the Twentieth Century, was a famous Soviet novelist and dramatist in the 20th century. He is famous for his 12-year novel Master and Margaret. The novel was born in the Soviet Union socialist realism under the red mainstream of "deviant" strange work, so the "kill" for 26 years, was officially published to meet the reader. Once published, the novel has aroused widespread concern and discussion among scholars and critics both at home and abroad because of its character, unique writing characteristics and rich and varied thematic thoughts, which is called a mythological novel. Emotional novels, religious teachings, legends, and even superfiction, set off three Bourgakov studies in the Soviet Union, affecting the world and becoming a classic of the 20th century. This thesis mainly uses Bakhtin's polyphonic novel theory to analyze and explain the polyphonic characteristics of Master and Marguerite. The theory of polyphonic novels emphasizes the independent will of the protagonist, which requires the author to be in an equal position with the protagonist when he is conceived, to have equal dialogue with different ideologies, and to have a reciprocal relationship in the structural layout and image shaping. So that the final text of the novel is full of unknown, inconclusive. The paper is composed of five parts: introduction, dialogue, opposites, unfinished parts and conclusion. The introduction mainly introduces Bulgakov's works, Master and Margaret at home and abroad. The purpose and significance of this thesis and the theories and methods adopted in this thesis. The second part is dialoguism, which reveals the author's conception of the novel through three aspects: the dialogue between the author and the protagonist, the self-dialogue between the protagonist and the carnival of the multipart. In the period of social change, all kinds of undercurrent trends of thought are brought into the dialogue, so that they exist and develop in the dialogue, showing the opening characteristics of the novel which is different from the monologue novel. The author demonstrates the opposite relationship between plot clue and character image, highlights the polyphonic characteristics of the novel, and proves that the fourth part is incomplete, through the constant development of character and the jump and mutation of time and space. The conclusion part summarizes the main contents of this thesis, emphasizes the polyphonic features of the novel, and reveals that the polyphonic novel is incomplete and inconclusive in the context, which makes the novel have infinite tension, and the conclusion part summarizes the main contents of this thesis, and emphasizes the polyphonic features of the novel. And the true intention of the author hidden in the polyphonic text. This paper mainly uses the methods of text analysis, social psychology analysis and comparative analysis to explain the polyphonic features in the creation of Master and Marguerite, and tries to explore Bulgakov's exploration and attempt in the conception of novels. Deeply excavating a great writer in the Soviet Union under the mainstream ideology of self and art to adhere to and adhere to the future of the Soviet Union and the entire human society, as well as the future of the observation and questioning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I512.074

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