本文選題：《最藍的眼睛》　切入點：神經(jīng)癥人格　出處：《北京交通大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：《最藍的眼睛》是當代美國著名的黑人女作家莫里森寫的第一部小說,該小說講述了一個關于黑人小女孩佩科拉和她病態(tài)家庭的故事。在這部小說中,莫里森用細致的筆觸描寫了一個近乎變態(tài)和扭曲的家庭：家中的小女孩兒佩科拉不僅在精神上得不到父母的關愛,經(jīng)常遭到冷酷的爸爸和無情的媽媽的虐待,更為過分的是,她的親生父親在一次酗酒之后竟然強奸了她,可憐的佩科拉成了整個黑人群體的替罪羔羊。由此可見,莫里森筆下的這個家庭并不正常,其中的每一個成員都有著不同程度的精神疾病。 借助于卡倫·霍妮的神經(jīng)癥人格理論,筆者試圖窺探小說的主人公佩科拉,她的父親喬利和母親波琳的內心世界。霍妮認為社會文化環(huán)境和家庭成員之間的關系與一個人的心理健康狀況密切相關。她強調,由于童年時期缺乏關愛使得兒童缺少安全感進而所形成的基本焦慮加上周邊環(huán)境的影響,共同導致了神經(jīng)癥人格的形成。本文運用霍妮對三種不同神經(jīng)官能癥患者的定義和相關理論,通過細致的文本分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)了布雷德拉一家的病態(tài)人格,即：佩科拉屬于順從型人格,喬利屬于攻擊型人格,波琳屬于退縮型人格,進而揭示出了為什么一個本應該正常的家庭變得支離破碎,一個本應該陽光可愛的女孩變得瘋癲癡狂,為什么那個年代的黑人遭受著重重的精神折磨。 霍妮式的心理分析給這篇小說提供了一種新穎的解讀方式。本文共分為六章,第一部分是引言。第二章簡要介紹了霍妮和她的神經(jīng)官能癥理論；第三章分析了佩科拉的屈從型人格以及其采取的極端行為來對抗內心的焦慮；第四章解釋了喬利屬于攻擊型人格的原因,及其壓抑了的屈從型人格的一面；第五章分析了波琳的童年和人生經(jīng)歷導致她的基本焦慮以及其采取的防御措施而導致的一系列的嚴重后果；第六章是結束語。 作者通過分析小說主人公的病態(tài)人格而發(fā)掘出了掩藏在她們扭曲的心理和不正常的行為背后的深層原因,揭示出了她們悲劇命運的根源,也進一步討論了美國黑人的內心沖突。另外,本文也強調了社會文化因素和父母親的關愛在兒童正常人格形成過程中的關鍵性作用,以指導黑人和其他群體塑造健全的人格,打造友好和諧的家庭氛圍。因此,本文不僅在解讀莫里森的小說文本上探索了一種新的思路,更對于家庭中神經(jīng)癥人格的預防和緩解有著一定的指導意義。
[Abstract]:The Bluest eyes is the first novel written by Morrison, a famous contemporary American black woman writer, who tells the story of a young black girl, Pecora, and her sick family. Morrison describes a nearly perverted and twisted family in fine detail: Pekola, a little girl in the family, is not only mentally unloved by her parents, often abused by cruel fathers and ruthless mothers, but even more so, Her biological father raped her after an alcoholism, and poor Pecora became a scapegoat for the entire black community. Each of these members has a different degree of mental illness. With the help of Karen Horney's theory of neurotic personality, the author tries to peep into the protagonist of the novel, Pecora. The inner world of her father, Jolly, and her mother, Pauline. Horney believes that the relationship between the sociocultural environment and family members is closely related to a person's mental health. As a result of the lack of care in childhood, children lack a sense of security, which in turn leads to basic anxiety and the impact of the surrounding environment, This paper uses Honey's definition of three different kinds of neurosis patients and relevant theories, through careful text analysis, finds out the family's psychopathic personality. That is: Pecora is a submissive personality, Jolie is an aggressive personality, Pauline is a withdrawal personality, which reveals why a family that should be normal has become fragmented. A girl who was supposed to be sunny and cute became crazy. Why did the black people of that age suffer so much mental suffering? The thesis is divided into six chapters, the first part is an introduction, the second chapter briefly introduces Honey and her theory of neurosis; The third chapter analyzes Pekola's subservient personality and the extreme behavior it takes to fight the inner anxiety, the fourth chapter explains the reason why Jolly belongs to aggressive personality, and the side of repressed subservient personality. The fifth chapter analyzes Polin's childhood and life experience which lead to her basic anxiety and a series of serious consequences caused by her defensive measures. Chapter six is the conclusion. By analyzing the pathological personality of the protagonists in the novel, the author uncovers the deep reasons behind their distorted psychology and abnormal behavior, and reveals the root of their tragic fate. In addition, this paper also emphasizes the key role of sociocultural factors and parental care in the formation of normal personality of children in order to guide black and other groups to shape healthy personality. Therefore, this paper not only explores a new way of thinking in interpreting Morrison's novel texts, but also has certain guiding significance for the prevention and remission of neurotic personality in the family.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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