本文關(guān)鍵詞： 布爾加科夫 《大師和瑪格麗特》 主體性 陌生化　出處：《南京師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：布爾加科夫的《大師和瑪格麗特》完成于文學(xué)反映論盛行時(shí)期,一開(kāi)始便受到拉普派的強(qiáng)烈指責(zé),稱其丑化新生社會(huì)主義制度,影射了蘇維埃政權(quán)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人；作品出版發(fā)行后,卻得到了西方評(píng)論界的高度贊揚(yáng),評(píng)論者肯定了作家反映的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),并對(duì)作家的思想情感給予高度評(píng)價(jià)。然而無(wú)論褒貶,兩方學(xué)者均將目光投向了作品所反映的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)和作家個(gè)人對(duì)事件所持的態(tài)度,即作家主體性在作品中的體現(xiàn)。 毋庸置疑,文學(xué)藝術(shù)應(yīng)當(dāng)反映社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí),但這種反映,絕不是直觀、機(jī)械、單一的反映,而應(yīng)當(dāng)是充分能動(dòng)的反映。文學(xué)的生命力也不在于作家的直抒胸臆,而在其掩飾個(gè)人主體性使其變得“陌生”,從而引發(fā)讀者思考的過(guò)程當(dāng)中,在于作家通過(guò)作品與讀者建立平等對(duì)話關(guān)系,引導(dǎo)讀者在閱讀過(guò)程中進(jìn)行審美再創(chuàng)造的能力之中。 本文即從作品中暗含的作家主體性、作品人物主體性以及讀者主體性入手,通過(guò)對(duì)作家主體性在創(chuàng)作手法、敘事情節(jié)和主體情感三方面的“陌生化”效果分析,探知作家在該創(chuàng)作中掩飾個(gè)人主體性的原因及用意,肯定“陌生化”手段對(duì)讀者融入作品所起的積極作用和顯著效果的同時(shí),進(jìn)一步領(lǐng)略布爾加科夫高超的藝術(shù)技巧和深邃的精神境界。
[Abstract]:Bulgakov's Maestro and Marguerite, which was completed in the period of literary reflection theory, was strongly criticized by the Rapp school at the beginning, saying that it had demonized the new socialist system and insinuated the Soviet regime and leaders. After the publication of the works, they were highly praised by the western critics. The reviewers affirmed the social reality reflected by the writers, and highly appraised the writers' thoughts and feelings. Both scholars have focused their attention on the social reality reflected in the works and the individual attitude of the writers to events, that is, the embodiment of the writer's subjectivity in the works. There is no doubt that literature and art should reflect social reality, but this kind of reflection is not intuitive, mechanical, single reflection, but should be a fully dynamic reflection. The vitality of literature does not lie in the writer's direct expression of his mind. And in the process of hiding personal subjectivity and making it "strange", it is in the process of causing readers to think that the author establishes equal dialogue with the reader through his works. Guide readers in the process of aesthetic re-creation of the ability. This article starts with the writer's subjectivity, the character's subjectivity and the reader's subjectivity, and through the writer's subjectivity in the creation technique. Through the analysis of the effect of "strangeness" in narrative plot and subject emotion, the author explores the reasons and intention of the writer's concealment of individual subjectivity in his creation. While affirming the positive role and remarkable effect of "defamiliarization" means on readers' integration into the works, they further appreciate Bulgakov's superb artistic skills and profound spiritual realm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：I512.074

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