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  本文關鍵詞：荒謬中的真實—透過《第二十二條軍規(guī)》看黑色幽默　出處：《西北大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 約瑟夫·海勒 《第二十二條軍規(guī)》 黑色幽默 荒謬

【摘要】：約瑟夫·海勒是美國二十世紀下半葉著名小說家,黑色幽默的代表作家之一,其代表作《第二十二條軍規(guī)》是諷刺文學的經典之作。《第二十二條軍規(guī)》主要通過對第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間一支駐守在地中海小島上的美國空軍部隊內幕生活的描寫,揭示了一個非理性,夢魘般的荒誕世界。 經過二戰(zhàn),冷戰(zhàn),以及隨后的麥卡錫主義時期,美國人感到了其所處生活的荒誕以及對未來的迷惑。作者用一種荒誕的戰(zhàn)爭形式來描繪他眼中的美國——一個完全扭曲的世界,有組織的混亂,制度化了的瘋狂。本文采用小說文本與黑色幽默理論相互闡釋的方式,一方面通過小說《第二十二條軍規(guī)》來探討黑色幽默小說的特點；另一方面又通過黑色幽默小說的特點來詮釋《第二十二條軍規(guī)》的創(chuàng)作特色。 本論文共分四部分。引言部分著重介紹了小說作者的生平、小說的情節(jié)、以及關于小說的文獻綜述。 第二部分主要講述了黑色幽默理論的產生與發(fā)展,其藝術特色以及理論基礎。黑色幽默的產生有其特定的時代背景和文學淵源。一種文學理論形成的思想根源是比較復雜的,薩特為代表的存在主義、弗洛伊德精神分析學、柏格森的直覺主義以及貝克特為代表的荒誕派都對黑色幽默的產生具有一定影響。 第三部分探析了海勒的經典作品《第二十二條軍規(guī)》,從小說的結構、語言風格、人物性格三個方面解釋說明了黑色幽默在小說《第二十二條軍規(guī)》里的呈現(xiàn)。作家用獨特的結構形式,歪曲的語言和荒誕的人物來精心構建一個看似混亂的荒誕世界,諷刺戰(zhàn)后殘酷的社會現(xiàn)實。海勒用小說中荒誕的情節(jié)來影射現(xiàn)實的荒誕,突出現(xiàn)實世界的混亂、不公正和瘋狂。 第四章是全文的結論部分,總結了海勒如何通過對小說《第二十二條軍規(guī)》的探析,使用黑色幽默的藝術手法為讀者展現(xiàn)一個生動真實的世界。
[Abstract]:Joseph Heller is a famous American novelist in the second half of 20th century and one of the representative writers of black humor. His masterpiece, "22th military regulations", is a classic satirical literary work. < 22th military regulations are mainly through the insider life of a US Air Force unit stationed on an island in the Mediterranean during World War II. Description. Reveals an irrational, nightmarish world of absurdity. After World War II, the Cold War, and then the McCarthyism. Americans feel the absurdity of their lives and their confusion about the future. The author describes what he sees as America, a world of complete distortion, organized chaos, with an absurd form of warfare. This article uses the novel text and the black humor theory to explain each other, on the one hand, through the novel < 22th military rules, discusses the black humor novel characteristic; On the other hand, through the features of black humorous novels, it interprets the creative characteristics of "22th military regulations". This thesis is divided into four parts. The introduction focuses on the author's life, the plot of the novel and the literature review of the novel. The second part mainly describes the emergence and development of black humor theory. Its artistic characteristics and theoretical basis. The emergence of black humor has its specific background and literary origin. The ideological origin of a literary theory is more complex, Sartre is the representative of existentialism. Freud psychoanalysis, Bergson's intuitionism and Beckett's absurdity have certain influence on the generation of black humor. The third part analyzes Heller's classic works < 22th military rules], from the structure of the novel, language style. Three aspects of character explain the presentation of black humor in the novel "22th military rules". The writer uses a unique form of structure. Distorted language and absurd characters to carefully construct a seemingly chaotic absurd world, satirizing the cruel social reality after the war. Heller uses the absurd plot in the novel to insinuate the realistic absurdity and to highlight the chaos of the real world. Injustice and madness. Chapter 4th is the conclusion of the full text, which summarizes how Heller, through the analysis of the novel < 22th military rules], uses the artistic technique of black humor to show the reader a vivid and real world.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I712.074

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本文編號：1441509