本文關(guān)鍵詞：索爾仁尼琴小說的苦難主題研究　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 索爾仁尼琴 苦難 宗教 彌賽亞意識 救贖

【摘要】：亞歷山大·伊薩耶維奇·索爾仁尼琴(Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn1918-2008),20世紀(jì)俄國最著名,最具有爭議的作家之一,俄羅斯文學(xué)史上第四位諾貝爾文學(xué)獎獲得者。他是蘇聯(lián)“勞改營題材文學(xué)”的開創(chuàng)者,曾向世界宣告“一句真話的分量比整個世界還重”,被譽為“俄羅斯的良心”,他的作品具有強烈的批判意識和人道主義情懷。 本文的緒論部分簡要介紹了索爾仁尼琴的跌宕人生和他的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作,描述并分析、總結(jié)了國內(nèi)外對索爾仁尼琴的整體研究現(xiàn)狀。筆者發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然人道主義是目前國內(nèi)研究索爾仁尼琴作品的熱點,但是對索爾仁尼琴作品中的苦難書寫卻鮮有人涉獵,僅有一篇論文是關(guān)于苦難的專門探討,是用漢娜·阿倫特的極權(quán)理論來批評解讀索氏作品的。眾所周知,宗教對索爾仁尼琴的影響非常深刻,他甚至認為東正教是療救俄羅斯的良方,而東正教中對苦難也有獨特的理解,因此,本文擬從宗教的角度來解讀索爾仁尼琴作品中的苦難主題。 論文第一章主要分析索爾仁尼琴作品中的種種苦難,歸納概括索氏作品中的人物在面對苦難時的人生百態(tài)。筆者認為,索氏作品中的苦難,不只是集中營中的勞改,還有日常生活的疾病和貧窮等等�？嚯y既是上帝對昔日作惡者的懲罰,也是那些堅韌正直的人歷練靈魂的山谷,他們因經(jīng)歷苦難而更加接近上帝。 論文第二章分析索爾仁尼琴以苦難為作品主題的原因,包括四個方面：時代語境、自身經(jīng)歷、文化傳統(tǒng)和宗教信仰。20世紀(jì)30年代蘇聯(lián)大清洗運動的時代語境加上索爾仁尼琴自身的患難經(jīng)歷,使苦難成為他作品反映的主題,同時俄羅斯民族傳統(tǒng)中對苦難的獨特態(tài)度和索氏對東正教的信仰,使得他在書寫苦難的時候,不僅僅為了揭露現(xiàn)實,而有更深刻的表達。 論文第三章探討索爾仁尼琴書寫苦難的意義,包含兩個方面,一是索爾仁尼琴的寫作行為實踐了他“不要靠謊言活著”的生活信念,體現(xiàn)了他作為一個俄羅斯知識分子強烈的使命意識；二是索氏文學(xué)作品中體現(xiàn)了他對于苦難的獨特感悟和理解,他的人物在苦難中仍追問“人靠什么活著”,反抗極權(quán)政治對個體的戕害,即使在苦難中仍保持人的尊嚴(yán),閃耀出美好的人性,給人以力量和溫暖,他們通過苦難來洗滌自己心靈的塵埃,獲得靈魂的救贖。 結(jié)語追述自己選擇以索爾仁尼琴作品中的苦難主題為題的原因,總結(jié)概括全文。索爾仁尼琴的一生歷經(jīng)磨難,他作品中人物對于苦難的富有深意的態(tài)度,實際上也是他自己對于苦難的態(tài)度。苦難使他的身體受到傷害,心靈卻因此而變得更加充實和深刻。他對苦難的思考給后人以啟迪,具有永恒的意義。
[Abstract]:Alexander Isayevich Solzhenitsyn (Aleksandr Isaevich Solzhenitsyn1918-2008) in twentieth Century, Russia's most famous, one of the most controversial writers in Russia, fourth on the literary history of the Nobel prize for literature. He is the pioneer of the "camp literature", has been to the world that "the truth is more important than the whole world, known as the" Russia's conscience ", his works have a strong sense of criticism and humanism.
The introduction part briefly introduces Solzhenitsyn and his life and literary creation, description and analysis, summarizes the overall status of Solzhenitsyn's study at home and abroad. The author found that, while the humanitarian is currently a research hotspot of the works of Solzhenitsyn, but for the suffering writing in Solzhenitsyn's works, there are few studies, only one article is special discussion about suffering, with Hannah Arendt's totalitarian theory to criticism Soxlet's works. As everyone knows, religion has profound influences on Solzhenitsyn, he even thought that is a good way to cure the Russian Orthodox Church, the Orthodox Church of misery also has a unique understanding, therefore, this paper intends to interpret the theme of suffering in Solzhenitsyn's works from the angle of religion.
The first chapter mainly analyzes the troubles in Solzhenitsyn's works, summarizes the Soxhlet characters in the face of suffering, the vicissitudes of life. The author believes that the cable's works of suffering, not only in labor camps, and the daily life of disease and poverty. Suffering is God to punish the perpetrators of former also, those tough honest people experience the soul of the valley, because of their suffering and closer to God.
The second chapter analyzes the reasons for the suffering theme of the works of Solzhenitsyn, which includes four aspects: context, context experience, cultural tradition and religious belief.20 century 30s Soviet purges with Solzhenitsyn's own experience to make trouble, suffering become his works reflect the theme, beliefs and unique attitude towards the suffering the Russian national tradition of the Orthodox Church and Soxhlet, so when he was writing the suffering, not only to expose the reality, and more profound expression.
In the third chapter, the significance of Solzhenitsyn's writing of misery, contains two aspects, one is the act of writing Solzhenitsyn's practice of his "don't live a lie" belief in life, shows him as a Russian intellectuals, a strong sense of mission; two is the Soxlet in literary works reflects his unique perception and understanding of the suffering his characters in suffering, still questioning "people rely on what to live", against the totalitarian political harm on the individual, even in suffering still maintain human dignity, to shine beautiful human nature, to give people strength and warm, they wash their hearts dust through suffering, for the salvation of the soul.
The traces of their choice in the works of Solzhenitsyn in the title of the suffering theme, summed up the full text. Solzhenitsyn's life after suffering, the suffering of the characters in his works for meaningful attitude, is actually his own attitude to the suffering. Suffering makes his body hurt, the heart has become more rich and profound. He the suffering of thinking for future generations of enlightenment, has eternal significance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I512.074

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