勞倫斯與沈從文主題學(xué)比較
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-10 22:20
【摘要】： 勞倫斯與沈從文是兩位曾飽受爭議,而后其藝術(shù)成就又得到肯定和大力推崇的兩位作家。他們在各自的作品中表現(xiàn)了對人類文明進(jìn)程關(guān)注的文化心態(tài),表達(dá)了強烈的生命意識和用生命的烈焰、血的支柱拯救民族、人類的終極關(guān)懷意識。 學(xué)術(shù)界對勞倫斯與沈從文的研究已趨于成熟,然而從比較文學(xué)的視角把兩位作家放在一起研究的作品卻不多。主題學(xué)、文類學(xué)和比較詩學(xué)在比較文學(xué)的平行研究領(lǐng)域中占著顯著的地位。選取比較文學(xué)中主題學(xué)比較的視角研究二位作家不僅是因為采用此種角度進(jìn)行研究的作品鳳毛麟角,還因為從兩位作家作品中反映出來關(guān)于人類文化走向與人類共同命運的主題有著諸多的“不謀而合”。然而畢竟兩位作家生活在不同的民族,不同的文化背景里,他們對于在其作品中所呈現(xiàn)出的一些共同主題(例如反現(xiàn)代文明、自然、性力等)的闡釋又有著共通中的不同。 選取反現(xiàn)代文明、自然、性力等幾個主題作為本文研究的對象不僅因其典型性:這幾個主題貫穿兩位作家作品的始終,而且因為這幾個主題的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一性:反現(xiàn)代文明是目的,回歸自然是方法,性力是回歸自然的具體重要途徑。在反現(xiàn)代文明這一主題上,勞倫斯重在反工業(yè)化,而沈從文重在反漢文化、儒家文化。自然觀上,勞倫斯認(rèn)為人類文明,尤其是工業(yè)文明扭曲了人性,造成了人的異化,要解決這一問題只有融入到大自然中去,恢復(fù)人的“血性意識”。沈從文則認(rèn)為自然不僅可以養(yǎng)育人,而且還可以教育人,自然是最好的啟蒙者。性愛觀上,勞倫斯認(rèn)為性是生命的重要組成部分,性乃生命之源。勞倫斯把兩性關(guān)系的和諧與否作為達(dá)到自我實現(xiàn)的一種手段,并企圖用性來解決一切社會問題。沈從文肯定性愛的自在狀態(tài),認(rèn)為自然健康的情欲是人性美德體現(xiàn)。性力即生命力,性愛被賦予宗教般的圣儀地位。對他而言,性愛即是人的生命存在、生命意識的符號,壓抑性愛是人類文明進(jìn)程中相伴隨而來的生命力萎縮的標(biāo)志。 由于所屬文化的獨特性和所屬文明階段的差異性,二位作家在對文明批判、對自然生命意識的理解和對“理想國”的構(gòu)想上又有明顯的不同。沈從文在作品中構(gòu)建了鄉(xiāng)村和都市兩個截然對立的世界,試圖用鄉(xiāng)民身上充溢的生命力為老邁龍鐘的民族注入活力,實現(xiàn)民族再造。勞倫斯則反復(fù)強調(diào)一種“血肉比心智更聰明”的觀點,寄希望于有著太陽般生命力的自然之子能喚醒英格蘭被機械文明毀壞了的人性,恢復(fù)男人與女人之間的和諧關(guān)系,完善分裂的“自我”,從而使民族與人類走向再生。雖然他們對工業(yè)文明的批判在一定程度上缺乏歷史理性的整體觀照,而顯得有些過激和片面,但二人對生命意識的理解和對人類未來的凝眸又使他們的作品具有現(xiàn)代意識,因而超越了地域、超越了時代,在與世界的交流中喚起了共鳴。
[Abstract]:Laurence and Shen Congwen are two writers who have been controversial, and then their artistic achievements have been affirmed and highly respected. In their respective works, they show the cultural mentality of paying attention to the process of human civilization, express the strong consciousness of life and the sense of ultimate concern of human beings with the scorching sun of life, the pillar of blood to save the nation, and the ultimate concern of human beings. The academic research on Laurence and Shen Congwen has become mature, but there are not many works that put the two writers together from the perspective of comparative literature. Thematic science, stylistics and comparative poetics play a significant role in the parallel study of comparative literature. Choosing the perspective of thematic comparison in comparative literature to study the two writers is not only because the works studied from this angle are rare. It is also because there are many themes about the trend of human culture and the common destiny of human beings reflected in the works of the two writers. However, after all, the two writers live in different nationalities and different cultural backgrounds, and their interpretations of some common themes (such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power, etc.) in their works are different in common. Several topics, such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power and so on, are selected as the research objects of this paper, not only because of their typicality: these themes run through the works of the two writers from beginning to end, but also because of the internal unity of these themes: anti-modern civilization is the end. Return to nature is a method, sexual force is a specific and important way to return to nature. On the theme of anti-modern civilization, Laurence focuses on anti-industrialization, while Shen Congwen focuses on anti-Han culture and Confucian culture. In view of nature, Laurence believes that human civilization, especially industrial civilization, distorts human nature and results in alienation of human beings. In order to solve this problem, we can only integrate into nature and restore human "bloody consciousness". Shen Congwen believes that nature can not only raise people, but also educate people, nature is the best enlightener. In the view of sexual love, Laurence believes that sex is an important part of life, and sex is the source of life. Laurence regards the harmony of gender relations as a means of achieving self-realization and tries to solve all social problems with sex. Shen Congwen affirmed the free state of sex and believed that the natural and healthy lust is the embodiment of the virtue of human nature. Sexual power is vitality, and sex is endowed with religious sanctity. For him, sex is the existence of human life, the symbol of life consciousness, and the suppression of sexual love is the symbol of the decline of vitality in the process of human civilization. Due to the uniqueness of the culture to which they belong and the differences in the stage of civilization, the two writers have obvious differences in their criticism of civilization, their understanding of the consciousness of natural life and the conception of the "Republic". In his works, Shen Congwen constructs two diametrically opposed worlds of countryside and city, and tries to inject vitality into the old Mai long Zhong nation and realize national reconstruction with the overflowing vitality of the villagers. Laurence has repeatedly stressed the view that flesh and blood are smarter than the mind, hoping that the son of nature, with the vitality of the sun, will awaken the human nature of England, which has been destroyed by mechanical civilization, and restore the harmonious relationship between men and women. Perfect the split "self", so that the nation and mankind to regenerate. Although their criticism of industrial civilization to a certain extent lacks the overall view of historical rationality to a certain extent, and appears to be a little excessive and one-sided, their understanding of life consciousness and their eyes on the future of human beings make their works have modern consciousness. Thus beyond the region, beyond the times, in the exchange with the world aroused resonance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：I106;I0-03
本文編號：2496780
[Abstract]:Laurence and Shen Congwen are two writers who have been controversial, and then their artistic achievements have been affirmed and highly respected. In their respective works, they show the cultural mentality of paying attention to the process of human civilization, express the strong consciousness of life and the sense of ultimate concern of human beings with the scorching sun of life, the pillar of blood to save the nation, and the ultimate concern of human beings. The academic research on Laurence and Shen Congwen has become mature, but there are not many works that put the two writers together from the perspective of comparative literature. Thematic science, stylistics and comparative poetics play a significant role in the parallel study of comparative literature. Choosing the perspective of thematic comparison in comparative literature to study the two writers is not only because the works studied from this angle are rare. It is also because there are many themes about the trend of human culture and the common destiny of human beings reflected in the works of the two writers. However, after all, the two writers live in different nationalities and different cultural backgrounds, and their interpretations of some common themes (such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power, etc.) in their works are different in common. Several topics, such as anti-modern civilization, nature, sexual power and so on, are selected as the research objects of this paper, not only because of their typicality: these themes run through the works of the two writers from beginning to end, but also because of the internal unity of these themes: anti-modern civilization is the end. Return to nature is a method, sexual force is a specific and important way to return to nature. On the theme of anti-modern civilization, Laurence focuses on anti-industrialization, while Shen Congwen focuses on anti-Han culture and Confucian culture. In view of nature, Laurence believes that human civilization, especially industrial civilization, distorts human nature and results in alienation of human beings. In order to solve this problem, we can only integrate into nature and restore human "bloody consciousness". Shen Congwen believes that nature can not only raise people, but also educate people, nature is the best enlightener. In the view of sexual love, Laurence believes that sex is an important part of life, and sex is the source of life. Laurence regards the harmony of gender relations as a means of achieving self-realization and tries to solve all social problems with sex. Shen Congwen affirmed the free state of sex and believed that the natural and healthy lust is the embodiment of the virtue of human nature. Sexual power is vitality, and sex is endowed with religious sanctity. For him, sex is the existence of human life, the symbol of life consciousness, and the suppression of sexual love is the symbol of the decline of vitality in the process of human civilization. Due to the uniqueness of the culture to which they belong and the differences in the stage of civilization, the two writers have obvious differences in their criticism of civilization, their understanding of the consciousness of natural life and the conception of the "Republic". In his works, Shen Congwen constructs two diametrically opposed worlds of countryside and city, and tries to inject vitality into the old Mai long Zhong nation and realize national reconstruction with the overflowing vitality of the villagers. Laurence has repeatedly stressed the view that flesh and blood are smarter than the mind, hoping that the son of nature, with the vitality of the sun, will awaken the human nature of England, which has been destroyed by mechanical civilization, and restore the harmonious relationship between men and women. Perfect the split "self", so that the nation and mankind to regenerate. Although their criticism of industrial civilization to a certain extent lacks the overall view of historical rationality to a certain extent, and appears to be a little excessive and one-sided, their understanding of life consciousness and their eyes on the future of human beings make their works have modern consciousness. Thus beyond the region, beyond the times, in the exchange with the world aroused resonance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：I106;I0-03
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 鄒楠;自然的簫聲：跨越時空的共鳴[D];江南大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號：2496780
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