本文選題：翻譯補(bǔ)償策略 + 《吶喊》的英譯��； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：魯迅先生是中國(guó)世紀(jì)文化、文學(xué)、思想領(lǐng)域無(wú)法回避的重要人物。魯迅先生的作品馳名中外,被翻譯成各種語(yǔ)言,如英語(yǔ)、越南語(yǔ)、捷克語(yǔ)等。他所創(chuàng)作的小說(shuō)集《吶喊》是中國(guó)第一部白話文作品,被視為中國(guó)文學(xué)史上的一座里程碑。然而,由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)、文化背景等方面存在著種種差異,翻譯中各種意義和審美價(jià)值的損失是不可避免的。因而,為了把這種損失降低到最少,翻譯補(bǔ)償策略便被譯者廣泛應(yīng)用于翻譯實(shí)踐過(guò)程中,指導(dǎo)翻譯實(shí)踐的完成,推動(dòng)翻譯理論的發(fā)展。《吶喊》英譯本與《吶喊》漢譯本一樣廣為流傳。其中,最具代表性的為中國(guó)翻譯家楊憲益戴乃迭夫婦的合譯本與美國(guó)學(xué)者萊爾的譯本。本文選取這兩個(gè)譯本作為研究對(duì)象,來(lái)討論如何在譯文中盡可能準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤地再現(xiàn)傳達(dá)原文信息。文章主要回答三個(gè)問(wèn)題:第一,楊憲益戴乃迭夫婦和萊爾翻譯《吶喊》時(shí)從哪些方面進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償?第二,他們補(bǔ)償?shù)牟呗杂心男?第三,兩個(gè)譯本的補(bǔ)償策略有什么相似以及不同之處,是什么造成的?論文通過(guò)對(duì)比研究法對(duì)兩個(gè)不同譯本進(jìn)行比較分析,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)這兩個(gè)譯本分別在文化、語(yǔ)法、審美、語(yǔ)義及語(yǔ)用方面進(jìn)行翻譯補(bǔ)償。然后對(duì)這五個(gè)方面的翻譯補(bǔ)償策略進(jìn)行量化分析,用實(shí)例說(shuō)明兩個(gè)譯本的不同層次補(bǔ)償。最后發(fā)現(xiàn),針對(duì)文化方面的缺失,他們采用釋義法、音譯法、加注釋、歸化法來(lái)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償;增譯法則用來(lái)補(bǔ)償語(yǔ)法方面的缺失;對(duì)于審美方面的缺失,譯者采用同構(gòu)補(bǔ)償手段加以補(bǔ)償;釋義法、替代法、加注釋的補(bǔ)償策略大量應(yīng)用于補(bǔ)償語(yǔ)義層面的缺失;對(duì)于語(yǔ)用層面的缺失,譯者根據(jù)語(yǔ)境的不同采用歸化法來(lái)進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償。對(duì)比分析這兩個(gè)譯本的補(bǔ)償策略之后,筆者總結(jié)出楊憲益和萊爾的譯本有很多共同之處,即使對(duì)具體詞匯的選擇稍有差異,這是因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)于原作的理解達(dá)到了共識(shí)。但是,由于譯者所處的時(shí)代不同、翻譯目的不同、目標(biāo)讀者的定位不同,萊爾對(duì)歸化法及注釋法的使用遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于楊憲益夫婦。總而言之,本文通過(guò)對(duì)其兩英譯本中翻譯補(bǔ)償策略的對(duì)比分析,進(jìn)而總結(jié)出具有普遍價(jià)值的翻譯補(bǔ)償策略,用以指導(dǎo)其他文學(xué)作品的翻譯。同時(shí)提出,一名優(yōu)秀的譯者既應(yīng)該充分考慮源語(yǔ)的社會(huì)和文化因素,又應(yīng)該把握目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者的接受能力,通過(guò)補(bǔ)償策略的靈活使用,從而達(dá)到最大限度地保留原文風(fēng)格,傳播中國(guó)文化的目的。
[Abstract]:Lu Xun is an important figure in the field of Chinese culture, literature and ideology. Lu Xun's works are well known at home and abroad and have been translated into various languages, such as English, Vietnamese, Czech and so on. His collection of novels, the Scream, is the first vernacular writing in China and is regarded as a milestone in the history of Chinese literature. However, due to the differences between English and Chinese in terms of language structure and cultural background, the loss of various meanings and aesthetic values in translation is inevitable. Therefore, in order to minimize this loss, the translation compensation strategy is widely used by the translator in the process of translation practice to guide the completion of translation practice. Promote the development of translation theory. The English version is as popular as the Chinese version. Among them, the most representative one is the Chinese translator Yang Xianyi and the American scholar Lyle's translation. This paper chooses the two versions as the object of study to discuss how to accurately reproduce the original information in the translation. The article mainly answers three questions: first, when Yang Xianyi and Lyle translated the Scream, what aspects of compensation should be taken? Second, what are their compensation strategies? Third, what are the similarities and differences between the compensation strategies of the two versions, and what are the causes? Through a comparative study of the two versions, the author finds that the two versions are compensated in terms of culture, grammar, aesthetics, semantics and pragmatics. Then the translation compensation strategies in these five aspects are analyzed quantitatively, and the different levels of compensation in the two versions are illustrated by examples. Finally, it is found that they use interpretation, transliteration, annotation and domestication to compensate for the cultural deficiency; the law of increasing translation is used to compensate for the lack of grammar; and for the lack of aesthetics, The translator compensates by means of isomorphic compensation; the compensation strategy of interpretation, substitution and annotation is applied to compensate for the loss of semantic level; for the loss of pragmatic level, the translator adopts the domestication method according to the different context. After a comparative analysis of the compensation strategies of the two versions, the author concludes that Yang Xianyi and Lyle's versions have much in common, even though the choice of specific words is slightly different, which is because their understanding of the original works has reached a consensus. However, due to the different times, different translation purposes and different target readers, Lyle used the domestication method and annotation method much more than Yang Xianyi and his wife. In a word, through the contrastive analysis of the translation compensation strategies in the two English versions, this paper concludes the translation compensation strategies of universal value to guide the translation of other literary works. At the same time, it is suggested that a good translator should not only take into account the social and cultural factors of the source language, but also grasp the acceptability of the target language readers, so as to retain the original style to the maximum extent through the flexible use of compensatory strategies. The purpose of spreading Chinese culture.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9;I046

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