中日七夕詩歌比較研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-09 16:11
【摘要】：“牛郎織女”是中國四大民間傳說之一,其內(nèi)容優(yōu)美動(dòng)人,流傳廣泛而久遠(yuǎn),在中日兩國文學(xué)史上都有所體現(xiàn)。在中國,以七夕為題材的詩歌作品可謂層出不窮,不勝枚舉;在日本,僅《萬葉集》中就有關(guān)于七夕字樣的和歌超過百首,以后歷代的七夕詩歌更是不可勝計(jì)�？梢�,七夕傳說對中日兩國在文學(xué)史上都產(chǎn)生了較為深遠(yuǎn)的影響。鑒于此,本文擬對中日七夕傳說、習(xí)俗、詩歌,尤其是對詩文與和歌進(jìn)行比較分析,尋求其中的共性和個(gè)性,旨在通過比較研究,探討七夕傳說的變化過程,透視當(dāng)時(shí)中日兩國國情、國民的異同。 在傳說方面,中日兩國在傳說的故事情節(jié)上有許多類同的地方:例如均為人間庶民與天上仙女的結(jié)合,最終卻只得分居兩地。但是,在許多細(xì)節(jié)上,兩國的傳說卻存在著差異:主人公的名稱,中國為牛郎與織女,而早期的日本傳說,男主人公則被稱為犬飼;織女離去原因,前者傳說織女由于被王母發(fā)現(xiàn)而被逼離開,后者則傳說織女多為主動(dòng)離開;男主人公追趕織女的過程,前者為牛郎披著牛皮追趕,后者男主人公多為編織木屐或草鞋,栽竹攀騰而上;銀河觀念的產(chǎn)生,前者為王母拔簪劃河而成,后者則傳說銀河的產(chǎn)生往往與瓜果有關(guān)。 在習(xí)俗方面,中日兩國有許多相似的地方,比如每逢七夕,兩國詩人都會(huì)吟詩唱和,宮廷中也會(huì)舉辦賽詩會(huì);女孩兒們也會(huì)在七夕夜晚祭星乞巧,乞求織女的保佑;七夕又正值殘暑消除的時(shí)期,兩國都有曝曬衣物、書籍的習(xí)慣。但兩國的七夕習(xí)俗也保留了許多本國獨(dú)有的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣,例如七夕被認(rèn)為是中國傳統(tǒng)的情人節(jié),而日本則沒有這一說法;又如古代日本在七夕節(jié)會(huì)舉辦一系列與“七”有關(guān)的活動(dòng),這也是獨(dú)具特色;而現(xiàn)代日本,由于七夕通常被視為盂蘭盆節(jié)的開端,因而許多地方會(huì)在七夕舉辦大型盛會(huì),觀彩燈、祈愿、看煙花,顯得格外熱鬧。 本文的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容,在詩文與和歌的比較方面,由于它們均取材于七夕傳說,因而無論在主題思想或情節(jié)內(nèi)容上,大體是相同的。但詩與歌也確實(shí)存在著差異,小島憲之、中西進(jìn)、王曉平等大家都對這一主題開展了一系列頗有成效的研究。 筆者在對詩文與和歌的比較方面,分以下四點(diǎn):表達(dá)方式,中國詩歌大多抽象、含蓄、內(nèi)斂,日本的和歌則顯得具體、大膽、直接;作者身份,日本漢詩的作者多為皇家官僚的貴族男子,他們多接觸漢文化,因而創(chuàng)作的漢詩也與中國詩歌類似,而和歌的作者則不同,有許多未知歌者,他們可能并非來自上流社會(huì),因而能更好地把七夕傳說融入日本民間;作者的角度,中國詩歌大都站在第三人稱,日本和歌則多為第一人稱,以期更貼近生活;作品內(nèi)容,萬葉和歌中,也有一些日本古代記紀(jì)神話的影子,可以說是中日傳說相融合的產(chǎn)物。
[Abstract]:"Niu Lang Weaving Girl" is one of the four great folklore in China, its content is beautiful and moving, spread widely and long, and it is embodied in the history of Chinese and Japanese literature. In China, the poetry works with Qixi Festival as the subject matter can be described as endless and endless; in Japan, there are more than a hundred songs about the words "Qixi Festival" in the "Wanye Ji" alone, and then the poems of Qixi Festival in the past dynasties are even more unvictorious. Thus, the legend of Qixi Festival has exerted a profound influence on both China and Japan in the history of literature. In view of this, this paper intends to make a comparative analysis of the legends, customs, poems, especially poems and songs of Qixi Festival in China and Japan, in order to seek the commonness and individuality among them, in order to probe into the changing process of the legend of Qixi Festival through comparative study. At that time, the national conditions of China and Japan, the similarities and differences between the people. In legends, there are many similarities between China and Japan in the storyline of the legend: for example, the combination of the common people and the celestial fairies, but they have to be separated from each other in the end. However, in many details, there is a difference between the legend of the two countries: the name of the protagonist, China is the cowherd and the Weaver, while the early Japanese legend, the hero is known as canine fodder; the reason for the departure of the Weaver. The former legend tells us that Weaver was forced to leave because she was discovered by her mother, while the latter said that Weaver mostly left on her own initiative. In the process of pursuing Weaver, the former was pursued by a cowherd in the leather, and the latter by weaving clogs or straw shoes. Planting bamboo climbing up; Galaxy concept, the former for the Wang mother pull hairpin row river, the latter legend of the galaxy often related to fruit and melon. In terms of customs, there are many similarities between China and Japan, such as whenever Qixi Festival, the poets of the two countries can sing poetry, the palace will also hold a poetry contest; Qixi Festival is also the time of the elimination of the sun, both countries have the habit of exposure to clothing, books. But Qixi Festival's customs in the two countries also retain many of their own unique customs, such as Qixi Festival, which is thought to be Chinese traditional Valentine's Day, while Japan does not; For example, in ancient Japan, a series of activities related to the "Seven" will be held on Qixi Festival's Day, which is also unique. In modern Japan, since Qixi Festival is usually regarded as the beginning of Ghost Festival, many places will hold large-scale pageants in Ghost Festival. Watching the lights, praying, looking at the fireworks, it is particularly lively. The main content of this paper is the comparison between poetry and harmony, because they are all derived from Qixi Festival's legends, so they are generally the same in terms of theme, thought and plot content. However, there are some differences between poems and songs, such as Kojima, East and West, Wang Xiaoping and so on, which have carried out a series of fruitful research on this subject. The author compares poems and poems with harmony songs in the following four aspects: expression, Chinese poetry is mostly abstract, implicit, introverted, Japanese harmony songs are concrete, bold, direct, author identity, Most of the Japanese Chinese poems are written by aristocratic men who are royal bureaucrats. As a result, the Chinese poems created by them are similar to those of Chinese poetry, but the authors of harmony songs are different. There are many unknown singers who may not have come from the upper class. From the author's point of view, Chinese poetry mostly stands in the third person, while Japanese harmony songs are mostly in the first person, in order to be closer to life. There are also some ancient Japanese mythology shadow, can be said to be the product of the fusion of Chinese and Japanese legends.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：I0-03;I106.2
本文編號：2259955
[Abstract]:"Niu Lang Weaving Girl" is one of the four great folklore in China, its content is beautiful and moving, spread widely and long, and it is embodied in the history of Chinese and Japanese literature. In China, the poetry works with Qixi Festival as the subject matter can be described as endless and endless; in Japan, there are more than a hundred songs about the words "Qixi Festival" in the "Wanye Ji" alone, and then the poems of Qixi Festival in the past dynasties are even more unvictorious. Thus, the legend of Qixi Festival has exerted a profound influence on both China and Japan in the history of literature. In view of this, this paper intends to make a comparative analysis of the legends, customs, poems, especially poems and songs of Qixi Festival in China and Japan, in order to seek the commonness and individuality among them, in order to probe into the changing process of the legend of Qixi Festival through comparative study. At that time, the national conditions of China and Japan, the similarities and differences between the people. In legends, there are many similarities between China and Japan in the storyline of the legend: for example, the combination of the common people and the celestial fairies, but they have to be separated from each other in the end. However, in many details, there is a difference between the legend of the two countries: the name of the protagonist, China is the cowherd and the Weaver, while the early Japanese legend, the hero is known as canine fodder; the reason for the departure of the Weaver. The former legend tells us that Weaver was forced to leave because she was discovered by her mother, while the latter said that Weaver mostly left on her own initiative. In the process of pursuing Weaver, the former was pursued by a cowherd in the leather, and the latter by weaving clogs or straw shoes. Planting bamboo climbing up; Galaxy concept, the former for the Wang mother pull hairpin row river, the latter legend of the galaxy often related to fruit and melon. In terms of customs, there are many similarities between China and Japan, such as whenever Qixi Festival, the poets of the two countries can sing poetry, the palace will also hold a poetry contest; Qixi Festival is also the time of the elimination of the sun, both countries have the habit of exposure to clothing, books. But Qixi Festival's customs in the two countries also retain many of their own unique customs, such as Qixi Festival, which is thought to be Chinese traditional Valentine's Day, while Japan does not; For example, in ancient Japan, a series of activities related to the "Seven" will be held on Qixi Festival's Day, which is also unique. In modern Japan, since Qixi Festival is usually regarded as the beginning of Ghost Festival, many places will hold large-scale pageants in Ghost Festival. Watching the lights, praying, looking at the fireworks, it is particularly lively. The main content of this paper is the comparison between poetry and harmony, because they are all derived from Qixi Festival's legends, so they are generally the same in terms of theme, thought and plot content. However, there are some differences between poems and songs, such as Kojima, East and West, Wang Xiaoping and so on, which have carried out a series of fruitful research on this subject. The author compares poems and poems with harmony songs in the following four aspects: expression, Chinese poetry is mostly abstract, implicit, introverted, Japanese harmony songs are concrete, bold, direct, author identity, Most of the Japanese Chinese poems are written by aristocratic men who are royal bureaucrats. As a result, the Chinese poems created by them are similar to those of Chinese poetry, but the authors of harmony songs are different. There are many unknown singers who may not have come from the upper class. From the author's point of view, Chinese poetry mostly stands in the third person, while Japanese harmony songs are mostly in the first person, in order to be closer to life. There are also some ancient Japanese mythology shadow, can be said to be the product of the fusion of Chinese and Japanese legends.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：I0-03;I106.2
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