本文選題：《紅樓夢(mèng)》　切入點(diǎn)：習(xí)語(yǔ)隱喻　出處：《青島大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：上個(gè)世紀(jì)60年代,尤金·奈達(dá)博士提出了動(dòng)態(tài)對(duì)等的概念,避開(kāi)了翻譯研究中一些困擾譯者們多年的問(wèn)題,建立起一套以讀者反應(yīng)的相等程度為翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理論。不過(guò)每個(gè)民族在自身文明進(jìn)化發(fā)展的過(guò)程中都形成了自己對(duì)客觀(guān)世界的特殊體驗(yàn)。語(yǔ)言作為心智的表征和對(duì)世界進(jìn)行概念化的工具,其本身就具有體驗(yàn)性,這意味著認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)的差異從根本上造成了文化的多樣化和語(yǔ)言的差異性,因?yàn)閮蓚�(gè)民族之間語(yǔ)言的不對(duì)等主要取決于各種認(rèn)知體驗(yàn)上的差異,加上譯者的理解與原作現(xiàn)實(shí)之間存在一定的差距,讀者與譯者之間的心理、知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)的差距等,都使得在翻譯的語(yǔ)碼轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中造成信息損耗。如何期望譯文讀者能夠基本上以原文讀者理解和欣賞原文的方式來(lái)理解和欣賞譯文始終是翻譯研究中的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)。 《紅樓夢(mèng)》是中國(guó)文學(xué)史上最杰出的古典文學(xué)作品,其巨大的文學(xué)成就和藝術(shù)魅力不僅吸引了無(wú)數(shù)的中外讀者,也為翻譯、語(yǔ)言學(xué)和文化修辭研究等提供了豐富的資源。隱喻是整本書(shū)的重要組成部分,也是小說(shuō)獲得空前成功的關(guān)鍵因素。曹雪芹借助各式隱喻,成功地刻畫(huà)出了栩栩如生,形態(tài)各異的人物形象,并深化突出了小說(shuō)的主題思想�？紤]到《紅樓夢(mèng)》中隱喻系統(tǒng)的龐大規(guī)模,本文僅對(duì)小說(shuō)中出現(xiàn)的習(xí)語(yǔ)隱喻做重點(diǎn)探討和研究。 習(xí)語(yǔ)是具有特定形式的詞組,其蘊(yùn)含的意義往往不能從詞組中單個(gè)詞的意思簡(jiǎn)單推測(cè)出來(lái),也不能從詞典中獲得語(yǔ)境中的意義。尤其是遇到這種詞組意義時(shí),譯者往往無(wú)所適從。習(xí)語(yǔ)既是文化的載體,也是語(yǔ)言的精華,帶有濃厚的民族色彩和鮮明的文化內(nèi)涵。有關(guān)習(xí)語(yǔ)中的隱喻認(rèn)知觀(guān)念,英漢兩種語(yǔ)言之間既存在巨大的文化差距,也偶有恰巧相似對(duì)等之處。通常情況下,當(dāng)一個(gè)隱喻包含于習(xí)語(yǔ)之中,只會(huì)使目的語(yǔ)的讀者對(duì)本來(lái)便艱澀難懂的習(xí)語(yǔ)更加茫然不知所云,無(wú)形之中翻譯的難度也大大增加,考驗(yàn)著譯者對(duì)多種多樣的習(xí)語(yǔ)的熟知程度和語(yǔ)言文化轉(zhuǎn)換的技能。本文以《紅樓夢(mèng)》前八十回的英譯本作為例證,從英漢隱喻認(rèn)知概念的非對(duì)等角度,甄別其中制約習(xí)語(yǔ)隱喻翻譯的文化語(yǔ)境、文學(xué)語(yǔ)境和上下文語(yǔ)境等要素,并引入了“欠額翻譯”的理念來(lái)闡釋隱喻翻譯策略的選擇和緣由,評(píng)析翻譯結(jié)果的優(yōu)劣,論證隱喻翻譯的體驗(yàn)特性,提出較為合理的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:In the 1960s, Dr. Eugene Nida proposed the concept of dynamic equivalence, avoiding some of the problems that have plagued translators for years. To establish a set of translation criteria based on the degree of equality of the reader's response. However, each nation has developed its own special experience of the objective world in the course of its own evolution and development of civilization, language as a representation of the mind and. The tools for conceptualizing the world, This means that the difference of cognitive experience has caused the diversity of culture and the difference of language, because the difference of language between two nations mainly depends on the difference of cognitive experience. In addition, there is a gap between the translator's understanding and the reality of the original work, as well as the gap in psychology, knowledge and experience between the reader and the translator. How to expect the target readers to understand and appreciate the source text basically in the way that the original readers understand and appreciate the original text has always been a key point in translation studies. "A Dream of Red Mansions" is the most outstanding classical literary work in the history of Chinese literature. Its great literary achievements and artistic charm not only attract countless Chinese and foreign readers, but also serve as translators. The study of linguistics and cultural rhetoric has provided abundant resources. Metaphor is an important part of the whole book and a key factor in the novel's unprecedented success. In view of the huge scale of metaphor system in A Dream of Red Mansions, this paper focuses on the idiom metaphor in the novel. An idiom is a phrase with a specific form, the meaning of which is often not easily inferred from the meaning of a single word in a phrase, nor can the meaning of the context be obtained from the dictionary, especially when it comes to the meaning of such a phrase. Translators are often at a loss. Idioms are not only the carrier of culture, but also the essence of language, with strong national color and distinct cultural connotations. There is a huge cultural gap between English and Chinese about the metaphorical cognitive concepts in idioms. In general, when a metaphor is included in an idiom, it will only make the target language readers more confused about the idioms that are already difficult to understand, and the difficulty of translating them will be greatly increased. It tests the translator's familiarity with a variety of idioms and the skills of language and culture transformation. Taking the English translation of the first 80 chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions as an example, this paper explores the non-equivalence of the cognitive concepts of metaphor in English and Chinese. The cultural context, literary context and contextual context which restrict the translation of idiom metaphors are identified, and the concept of "undervalued translation" is introduced to explain the choice and reasons of translation strategies, and to evaluate the results of translation. To demonstrate the experiential characteristics of metaphorical translation and to put forward more reasonable evaluation criteria.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I046;H315.9

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