【摘要】：目的:通過(guò)對(duì)拉丁舞運(yùn)動(dòng)員的平轉(zhuǎn)技術(shù)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)分析,對(duì)其完成的拉丁舞平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行三維影像同步拍攝和動(dòng)作解析,從運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)的角度分析對(duì)拉丁舞中平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作技術(shù)特點(diǎn)、動(dòng)力特征與動(dòng)作規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究,建立平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)參數(shù),揭示運(yùn)動(dòng)員平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律與相關(guān)原理,分析拉丁舞隊(duì)員在平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作中存在的具體問(wèn)題,從而為拉丁舞平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作的教學(xué)與訓(xùn)練提供一定的理論依據(jù),為培養(yǎng)出更優(yōu)秀、更高水平的體育舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)員奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。方法:本文主要采用專(zhuān)家訪(fǎng)談法、文獻(xiàn)資料法、理論分析法以及實(shí)驗(yàn)法。從運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)角度來(lái)看,運(yùn)動(dòng)員要順利完成拉丁舞中的平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作,并取得很好的效果,必須把握開(kāi)始轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)、連續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)以及停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)這三個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié),以及身體各個(gè)部位的協(xié)調(diào)用力。在身體協(xié)調(diào)用力的大前提下,頭部跟隨身體的瞬間轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)、手臂的揮擺、腰臀胯以及腿部的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)力非常重要。身體重心在身體三維空間內(nèi)偏離的幅度越小,運(yùn)動(dòng)員完成的平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作穩(wěn)定性越高。這要求運(yùn)動(dòng)員加強(qiáng)身體素質(zhì),尤其是力量素質(zhì)的訓(xùn)練提高身體的控制能力。在運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)行連續(xù)的平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作時(shí),運(yùn)動(dòng)員同側(cè)肢體關(guān)節(jié)的角度與速度變化規(guī)律類(lèi)似,其中無(wú)論是手臂的揮擺,腿部的發(fā)力轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng),還是上下肢關(guān)節(jié)角度與關(guān)節(jié)速度的變化都呈現(xiàn)周期性的規(guī)律,運(yùn)動(dòng)員身體各部位必須協(xié)調(diào)一致的運(yùn)動(dòng),才能完成穩(wěn)定性高、質(zhì)量好的平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作。結(jié)論:拉丁舞平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作的各個(gè)肢體運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅有自身的獨(dú)立性,還有與身體各部位運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)配合的統(tǒng)一性。只有肢體各個(gè)部分的統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào),才能完成高質(zhì)量的拉丁舞平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作。運(yùn)動(dòng)員要做到肢體各部分的統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào),除過(guò)平時(shí)勤練動(dòng)作之外必須加強(qiáng)身體素質(zhì)的訓(xùn)練,尤其是力量與速度的訓(xùn)練,正確的去認(rèn)識(shí)和練習(xí)舞蹈中的技術(shù)動(dòng)作,尤其是手臂的擺動(dòng),下肢的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)力及重心轉(zhuǎn)換穩(wěn)定。只有在訓(xùn)練中抓住身體素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練和正確的技術(shù)動(dòng)作認(rèn)識(shí)這一重要環(huán)節(jié),運(yùn)動(dòng)員在完成平轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)作時(shí)身體的位移、時(shí)間、力度、速度、幅度以及節(jié)奏等指標(biāo)才能達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確的水平。建議:每項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)都有著自身的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,拉丁舞運(yùn)動(dòng)員首先應(yīng)掌握好拉丁舞技術(shù)動(dòng)作的特點(diǎn)與技術(shù)要求;深入認(rèn)識(shí)自身的身體素質(zhì),加強(qiáng)自身舞蹈能力的提升;在教學(xué)訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中不斷探索拉丁舞技術(shù)動(dòng)作的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律與特性。競(jìng)賽規(guī)則推動(dòng)拉丁舞的技術(shù)向高、難、美的方向發(fā)展,運(yùn)動(dòng)員們對(duì)于動(dòng)作技術(shù)要求越來(lái)越精湛,這就要求運(yùn)用體育科學(xué)對(duì)拉丁舞技術(shù)動(dòng)作進(jìn)行深入的研究。有關(guān)體育部門(mén)應(yīng)更深入的探索拉丁舞的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律,從運(yùn)動(dòng)生物力學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)解剖學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)生物化學(xué)、運(yùn)動(dòng)生理學(xué)、體育美學(xué)、心理學(xué)等學(xué)科方向?qū)∥柽M(jìn)行科研攻關(guān),從而更好的指導(dǎo)教學(xué)與提高競(jìng)賽水平。只有加強(qiáng)科技攻關(guān),充分重視理論基礎(chǔ)與教學(xué)訓(xùn)練相結(jié)合,我國(guó)的拉丁舞水平必然會(huì)得到更高的飛躍。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the kinematics analysis of the Latin dancing athletes' flat rotation technique, the three dimensional images of the Latin dancing horizontal motion were taken synchronously and the movement was analyzed. From the point of view of kinematics, this paper studies the technical characteristics, dynamic characteristics and movement rules of the horizontal rotation in Latin dance, establishes the kinematics parameters of the horizontal rotation, and reveals the movement laws and related principles of the horizontal rotation of the athletes. This paper analyzes the specific problems of Latin dance players in the horizontal rotation, thus provides a certain theoretical basis for the teaching and training of Latin equalization, and lays a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of better and higher level sports dancers. Methods: the methods of expert interview, literature, theory analysis and experiment were used in this paper. From the kinematics point of view, the athletes must grasp the three important links of starting rotation, continuous rotation and stopping rotation, as well as the coordinated force of various parts of the body, in order to successfully complete the flat rotation in Latin dance and obtain good results. Under the premise of body coordination, head following the body moment rotation, arm swing, waist hip and leg coordination is very important. The smaller the deviation of the body gravity center in the body three-dimensional space, the higher the stability of the smooth rotation action completed by the athletes. This requires athletes to strengthen their physical quality, especially the strength of the training to improve the ability to control the body. When an athlete performs a continuous flattening exercise, the angle and speed of the joint of the athlete's ipsilateral limb vary in a similar way, whether it is the swing of the arm or the rotation of the leg. The changes of joint angle and joint velocity of upper and lower limbs are both periodic. Athletes must coordinate the movement of all parts in order to achieve high stability and good quality of flat rotation. Conclusion: every limb movement of Latin dance has not only its own independence, but also the unity of coordination with all parts of the body. Only the coordination of all parts of the body can complete the high-quality Latin dance flat rotation. In order to achieve the unity and coordination of the various parts of the body, athletes must strengthen the training of their physical qualities, especially the training of strength and speed, in addition to exercising frequently in peacetime, and correctly understand and practice the technical movements in the dance. Especially the arm swing, the lower extremity coordination power and the center of gravity conversion stability. Only by grasping the physical quality training and correct technical action recognition in the training, can the athletes achieve the accurate level in terms of body displacement, time, strength, speed, amplitude and rhythm. It is suggested that every sport has its own law of movement, Latin dancers should first master the characteristics and technical requirements of Latin dance technical movements, deeply understand their own physical quality, and strengthen their own dance ability. In the course of teaching and training, the law and characteristics of Latin dance technical movements are constantly explored. The competition rules promote the development of Latin dance technology in the direction of high, difficult and beautiful, and the athletes have more and more consummate technical requirements for the movement, which requires the use of sports science to conduct in-depth research on the Latin dance technical movements. The sports departments concerned should further explore the movement law of Latin dance, and carry out scientific research on Latin dance from the aspects of sports biomechanics, sports anatomy, sports biochemistry, exercise physiology, sports aesthetics, psychology, etc. In order to better guide teaching and improve the level of competition. Only by strengthening science and technology, paying full attention to the combination of theoretical basis and teaching and training, the Latin dance level of our country will certainly get a higher leap forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：J722.8

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