新巴爾虎草原黃羊生境適宜度評(píng)價(jià)及景觀特征研究
[Abstract]:Yellow sheep (Procapra gutturosa) is also known as Mongolian gazelle, Mongolian gazelle and so on. The Red list of Chinese species (CRDB) lists yellow sheep as vulnerable (V). Yellow sheep are mainly distributed in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia in China, and most of them are concentrated in the border areas between China and Mongolia. Due to the influence of human disturbance and environmental change, the number of yellow sheep in Xinbar Tiger grassland of Hulunbeir City, Inner Mongolia is decreasing, the habitat suitable for distribution is gradually reduced, and the habitat fragmentation trend is obvious, so it is of great significance to protect and restore the habitat of yellow sheep. Based on 3s technology, based on LANDSAT-8OLI remote sensing image in 2013, national 1: 10 000 vegetation data, 1: 1 million geographical vector data and field survey, using ENVI5.1 and ArcGIS software, using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the weight and ranking of each factor are obtained, and the evaluation model is established to complete the land use (vegetation type) in the concentrated distribution area of yellow sheep in eastern Inner Mongolia. Five factors, NDVI, road, pastoral area and water source, were used to evaluate the multi-factor comprehensive habitat suitability, and the landscape pattern index characteristics of yellow sheep habitat were analyzed from the point of view of land use type and multi-factor comprehensive habitat suitability by using ArcGIS and Fragstats3.3 software. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) from the analysis of land use types, grassland vegetation landscape dominates the overall structure, function and dynamic process of landscape, the area ratio is 87.37%, but the proportion of vegetation landscape suitable for yellow sheep is too small, the connectivity of landscape as a whole is poor, the landscape composition structure is complex, and the landscape fragmentation is serious; (2) from the point of view of multi-factor comprehensive habitat suitability evaluation, the unsuitable habitat landscape dominates the landscape as a whole, the proportion is 83. 94%. The suitable habitat landscape area of the three grades is too small, especially the connection between the suitable habitat and the most suitable habitat landscape is very poor, and the habitat fragmentation is serious; (3) based on the analysis of land use types and multi-factor habitat suitability habitat landscape pattern, the eastern part of Inner Mongolia is suitable for yellow sheep distribution, the area of survival vegetation landscape type is very small, there is an obvious fragmentation trend, coupled with the influence of human disturbance such as roads, settlements, rangeland fences, etc., the habitat suitable for yellow sheep in the study area is constantly split, the area is shrinking, and there is a lack of large landscape patches. Habitat fragmentation is becoming more and more serious, which has a very negative impact on the foraging and migration of yellow sheep. The habitat of yellow sheep has been seriously destroyed, and the survival status of yellow sheep population is worrying, so it is urgent to protect and restore the habitat of yellow sheep.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:Q958.1
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