【摘要】：虛擬植物技術(shù)是根據(jù)植物的生長機(jī)理,運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)在二維或者三維空間中進(jìn)行顯現(xiàn)的一門技術(shù)。它涉及多個(gè)學(xué)科,例如:計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)、生物學(xué)、圖形圖像學(xué)、應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)等,并且在計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)、影視娛樂、自然景觀設(shè)計(jì)、虛擬農(nóng)業(yè)和科學(xué)研究等領(lǐng)域有著突出的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。如今,隨著計(jì)算機(jī)信息技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,虛擬植物的研究也經(jīng)歷了從注重植物外在的形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)模擬,發(fā)展到針對(duì)其內(nèi)部生長機(jī)制的仿真,再到現(xiàn)在的考慮與自然環(huán)境的相互影響,不斷地延展深入。本文在眾多學(xué)者前輩的研究基礎(chǔ)上,主要針對(duì)運(yùn)用L-系統(tǒng)仿真出的植物模型太過理想化、不符合光照原理的問題進(jìn)行探索研究,提出自己看法,并設(shè)計(jì)了算法對(duì)其進(jìn)行優(yōu)化驗(yàn)證;另外,針對(duì)整個(gè)建模過程中需要數(shù)據(jù)收集、整理的繁瑣過程,特設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)配套的數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng),提高了工作效率。至于各章詳細(xì)的工作內(nèi)容,分條概括如下:(1)首先結(jié)合我國的農(nóng)業(yè)背景條件,提出進(jìn)行虛擬植物研究的必要性;然后介紹了虛擬植物的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,分析各種主要建模技術(shù)的應(yīng)用特點(diǎn),并就應(yīng)用最廣泛的L-系統(tǒng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的闡述,從其產(chǎn)生起源到后來的蓬勃發(fā)展,已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一門最核心的虛擬植物技術(shù);最后將全文的研究內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡單的說明。(2)主要介紹了L-系統(tǒng)的理論知識(shí),從簡單的字符定義及重寫規(guī)則的說明,再到應(yīng)用圖形的形象展示,系統(tǒng)地將L-系統(tǒng)的核心思想進(jìn)行了闡述;然后與現(xiàn)實(shí)植物進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián),分別在二維和三維空間中,運(yùn)用特有的字符、規(guī)則及算法進(jìn)行演示。最后將重寫字符與具體的圖形結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行綁定,并將最終的植物模型進(jìn)行了圖例呈現(xiàn)。(3)針對(duì)植物模型不符合光照原理且不體現(xiàn)黃金分割特征的問題,提出了一種基于蟻群覓食原理的蟻群優(yōu)化算法。首先對(duì)Open L-System模擬的植物枝葉分布進(jìn)行分析;然后,采用設(shè)計(jì)的蟻群優(yōu)化算法對(duì)虛擬植物枝葉在趨光性的競爭問題上進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;最后,結(jié)合植物的黃金分割特征實(shí)驗(yàn)仿真出植物模型。(4)針對(duì)植物建模前期數(shù)據(jù)采集量大、整理困難,建模過程中產(chǎn)生新的數(shù)據(jù)難以辨別處理,以及后期數(shù)據(jù)的儲(chǔ)存安全等問題,設(shè)計(jì)了一套植物數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)。首先,就系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)需求,進(jìn)行了可行性分析,提出系統(tǒng)的總體思路和框架;然后根據(jù)其思路和框架進(jìn)行E-R模型設(shè)計(jì)和數(shù)據(jù)庫表的繪制;最后,選取一種植物將系統(tǒng)的實(shí)現(xiàn)功能、流程進(jìn)行預(yù)展示。(5)回顧全文,總結(jié)論文做的主要工作及存在的缺點(diǎn),并對(duì)未來的工作進(jìn)行展望。
[Abstract]:Virtual plant technology is based on plant growth mechanism, using computer technology to appear in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space. It covers a wide range of disciplines, such as computer science, biology, graphics and graphics, applied mathematics, etc., and in computer-assisted instruction, film and television entertainment, natural landscape design, Virtual agriculture and scientific research have outstanding application value. Nowadays, with the rapid development of computer information technology, the research of virtual plants has gone from paying attention to the simulation of the external morphology and structure of plants to the simulation of its internal growth mechanism. Then to the present consideration and natural environment interaction, continue to expand in depth. On the basis of the research of many scholars, this paper mainly aims at the problem that the plant model simulated by L-system is too idealized and does not accord with the principle of illumination, and puts forward its own opinion. And designed the algorithm to carry on the optimization verification to it; In addition, aiming at the cumbersome process of data collection and collation in the whole modeling process, a matching data management system is designed to improve the work efficiency. As for the detailed work contents of each chapter, it is summarized as follows: (1) first of all, combining with the agricultural background conditions in China, the necessity of virtual plant research is put forward; Then the research status of virtual plants at home and abroad is introduced, the application characteristics of various main modeling techniques are analyzed, and the most widely used L-system technology is described in detail, from its origin to the subsequent vigorous development, Has developed into a core virtual plant technology; Finally, the research contents and innovations of the full text are simply explained. (2) the theoretical knowledge of the L-system is mainly introduced, from the simple character definition and the description of the rewriting rules, to the display of the image of the application graph. The core idea of L-system is expounded systematically. Then associated with the real plants, respectively in two-dimensional and three-dimensional space, the use of unique characters, rules and algorithms to demonstrate. Finally, the rewrite character is bound with the concrete graphic structure, and the final plant model is represented by legend. (3) aiming at the problem that the plant model does not conform to the principle of illumination and does not reflect the golden section feature, An ant colony optimization algorithm based on ant colony foraging principle was proposed. Firstly, the distribution of plant branches and leaves simulated by Open L-System is analyzed, and then, the optimized ant colony optimization algorithm is used to optimize the competition of phototaxis between the branches and leaves of virtual plants. Finally, the plant model is simulated by experiments on the golden section characteristics of plants. (4) in view of the large amount of data collection in the early stage of plant modeling, it is difficult to sort out, and it is difficult to distinguish and process the new data produced in the modeling process. A set of plant data management system is designed in this paper. Firstly, the feasibility analysis of the target requirements of the system is carried out, and the overall idea and framework of the system are put forward, and then the design of E / R model and the drawing of database table are carried out according to the thought and framework of the system. Finally, select a plant to realize the function of the system, the process of pre-display. (5) Review the full text, summarize the main work and shortcomings of the paper, and look forward to the future work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP315;S126

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