老齡化背景下老舊住區(qū)景觀適老化改造研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-26 16:53
【摘要】：隨著社會經濟的不斷發(fā)展和醫(yī)療水平的不斷進步,人們的健康也得到越來越多的保證,壽命越來越長,然而,伴隨而來的卻是社會的人口老齡化問題。由于我國的養(yǎng)老事業(yè)還處于起步階段,人口的老齡化給養(yǎng)老設施、養(yǎng)老服務和養(yǎng)老保證并不完善的中國帶來了巨大的壓力。為了應對日趨嚴重的老齡化問題,我國政府也逐步調整了養(yǎng)老政策,提出了 "以家庭養(yǎng)老為基礎、社區(qū)養(yǎng)老為依托、機構養(yǎng)老為支撐"的養(yǎng)老體系,所以,居家養(yǎng)老是當前乃至今后相當長時間內的中國社會的主要的養(yǎng)老模式之一。然而,我國當前的住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境令人擔憂,尤其是那些建設年代比較早,使用時間比較長的老舊小區(qū),存在著綠地空間狹小、交通流線不通暢、道路空間被侵占、公共設施破損等問題。這些問題的產生給居家養(yǎng)老的老年人造成了極大的不便,嚴重降低了老年人晚年生活的品質和質量,也與老年人的生活需求產生了較大的矛盾。因而,如何為老年人創(chuàng)造舒適宜人的住區(qū)環(huán)境,促進老年人的身心健康,提高老年人晚年生活質量及生活的幸福感,已經成為社會亟需解決的一個問題。本文主要研究適宜老年人生活的住區(qū)景觀,通過相關的文獻閱讀,筆者針對國內外養(yǎng)老模式及其政策、住區(qū)景觀適老化改造的研究理論及現狀、國內外的住區(qū)景觀適老化設計或改造的實例進行了論述,并以老年人為研究對象,闡述了老年人生理、心理、行為和社會特征的變化與其對住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境的需求,從而探索出更適合老年人的住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境。除了理論研究外,文章還采用了社會調研的方法。主要選取了福州市的八個不同地域不同時期的老舊小區(qū)進行住區(qū)現狀景觀環(huán)境調查及老年人對住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境的評價與需求調查,以期歸納出住區(qū)景觀存在的共同的問題及老年人的普遍需求。在這基礎上,歸納總結出老舊住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境適老化改造的理念,并系統(tǒng)地提出了適合我國老舊住區(qū)景觀適老化改造更新的策略。本研究針對老年人的變化及其特殊需求進行了比較全面的論述和實地調查,通過問卷收集到的數據詳實可靠,并且完整系統(tǒng)地提出了老舊住區(qū)景觀適老化改造的理念和策略,對今后住區(qū)景觀環(huán)境的適老化改造設計導則的制定具有一定的參考意義。同時,也為今后的養(yǎng)老地產景觀、養(yǎng)老院及多功能的復合型社區(qū)等的建設提供一定的參考與借鑒,對老舊住區(qū)適老化景觀的活力營造等方面也起到了一定的推動作用。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the social economy and the continuous improvement of the medical level, people's health is more and more guaranteed, and the service life is becoming more and more long. The aging of the population has brought great pressure to the old-age facilities, the old-age service and the guarantee of the old-age guarantee. In order to deal with the growing problem of aging, our government has gradually adjusted the old-age policy and put forward the "On the basis of family pension, the community is based on the old-age pension, and the institution is supported by the old-age support." 's pension system, so the home-based pension is one of the main old-age models of the Chinese society, which is the current and even a long time in the future. However, the current residential landscape environment in our country is worrying, especially those old cells with long time of construction and long use time. There are such problems as the narrow space of the green space, the unsmooth traffic flow, the occupation of the road space, the damage of the public facilities and the like. The generation of these problems has caused great inconvenience to the elderly in the home, which seriously reduces the quality and quality of the old people's late-year life, and also has a great contradiction with the life demand of the old people. Therefore, how to create a comfortable and pleasant human settlement environment for the elderly, to promote the physical and mental health of the elderly and to improve the quality of life and the well-being of the elderly in the later years has become a problem that the society needs to solve urgently. This paper mainly studies the residential landscape suitable for the old people's life, and through the relevant literature reading, the author has made a discussion on the research theory and present situation of the old-age pension model and its policy, residential landscape adapting and aging, and the design or modification of the residential landscape at home and abroad. The changes of the physical, psychological, behavioral and social characteristics of the old people and their requirements on the landscape environment of the human settlements are described and the residential landscape environment for the elderly is explored. In addition to the theoretical study, the article also adopts the method of social research. The paper mainly selects the existing landscape environment survey of the old cell in the eight different periods of Fuzhou and the evaluation and demand survey of the old people to the residential landscape environment, with a view to inducing the common problems in the landscape of the living area and the general demand of the old people. On the basis of this, the paper summarizes the concept of the old residential landscape environment adapting and aging, and puts forward the strategy suitable for the renewal of the old settlement of the old residential area. In view of the change of old people and their special needs, this research has made a comprehensive discussion and field survey, the data collected through the questionnaire are detailed and reliable, and the concept and strategy of the old residential landscape adapting and aging transformation are put forward in a complete and systematic way. It is of some reference to the development of the design guidelines for the adaptation of the residential landscape environment in the future. At the same time, it also provides some reference and reference for the construction of the future old-age property landscape, the nursing home and the multi-function compound community.
【學位授予單位】：福建農林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU984.12
本文編號：2447740
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the social economy and the continuous improvement of the medical level, people's health is more and more guaranteed, and the service life is becoming more and more long. The aging of the population has brought great pressure to the old-age facilities, the old-age service and the guarantee of the old-age guarantee. In order to deal with the growing problem of aging, our government has gradually adjusted the old-age policy and put forward the "On the basis of family pension, the community is based on the old-age pension, and the institution is supported by the old-age support." 's pension system, so the home-based pension is one of the main old-age models of the Chinese society, which is the current and even a long time in the future. However, the current residential landscape environment in our country is worrying, especially those old cells with long time of construction and long use time. There are such problems as the narrow space of the green space, the unsmooth traffic flow, the occupation of the road space, the damage of the public facilities and the like. The generation of these problems has caused great inconvenience to the elderly in the home, which seriously reduces the quality and quality of the old people's late-year life, and also has a great contradiction with the life demand of the old people. Therefore, how to create a comfortable and pleasant human settlement environment for the elderly, to promote the physical and mental health of the elderly and to improve the quality of life and the well-being of the elderly in the later years has become a problem that the society needs to solve urgently. This paper mainly studies the residential landscape suitable for the old people's life, and through the relevant literature reading, the author has made a discussion on the research theory and present situation of the old-age pension model and its policy, residential landscape adapting and aging, and the design or modification of the residential landscape at home and abroad. The changes of the physical, psychological, behavioral and social characteristics of the old people and their requirements on the landscape environment of the human settlements are described and the residential landscape environment for the elderly is explored. In addition to the theoretical study, the article also adopts the method of social research. The paper mainly selects the existing landscape environment survey of the old cell in the eight different periods of Fuzhou and the evaluation and demand survey of the old people to the residential landscape environment, with a view to inducing the common problems in the landscape of the living area and the general demand of the old people. On the basis of this, the paper summarizes the concept of the old residential landscape environment adapting and aging, and puts forward the strategy suitable for the renewal of the old settlement of the old residential area. In view of the change of old people and their special needs, this research has made a comprehensive discussion and field survey, the data collected through the questionnaire are detailed and reliable, and the concept and strategy of the old residential landscape adapting and aging transformation are put forward in a complete and systematic way. It is of some reference to the development of the design guidelines for the adaptation of the residential landscape environment in the future. At the same time, it also provides some reference and reference for the construction of the future old-age property landscape, the nursing home and the multi-function compound community.
【學位授予單位】：福建農林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU984.12
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