發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-11 01:46

【摘要】：當(dāng)前我國對(duì)城市形態(tài)的研究,大多是以城市為尺度研究一個(gè)城市的形態(tài)發(fā)展演變歷程,而對(duì)城市中中小尺度的街區(qū)的形態(tài)演變研究相對(duì)較少。與此同時(shí),西方的城市形態(tài)學(xué)特別是以歷史地理學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的康澤恩學(xué)派基于對(duì)小尺度城鎮(zhèn)的空間形態(tài)的研究,形成了以市鎮(zhèn)分析方法為核心的城市形態(tài)學(xué)研究方法�；谛螒B(tài)學(xué)分析對(duì)歷史街區(qū)進(jìn)行研究乃至價(jià)值評(píng)估,有利于其合理、科學(xué)的保護(hù)。本文以屯溪老街街區(qū)為研究對(duì)象,其位于黃山市屯溪區(qū)中心地段,原名屯溪街,自古就是徽州乃至皖南地區(qū)的商業(yè)中心,被稱為流動(dòng)的“清明上河圖”,是中國保存最完整、最具有明清建筑風(fēng)格的傳統(tǒng)街市,屯溪老街街區(qū)范圍清晰、規(guī)模小,是街區(qū)尺度研究的典型實(shí)例。同時(shí)探索國內(nèi)外城市形態(tài)理論在中國小尺度街區(qū)的應(yīng)用,具有一定的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。屯溪老街街區(qū)近現(xiàn)代化的更新始于民國大火之后,本文基于形態(tài)學(xué)的理論方法,結(jié)合街區(qū)空間更新的階段特征,將屯溪老街街區(qū)的近現(xiàn)代的空間更新劃分為四個(gè)階段:第一個(gè)階段為民國大火后至抗日戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前(1929-1937),主要是沿屯溪老街主街商業(yè)地塊的更新;第二個(gè)階段是抗日戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)后至建國前(1938-1949),主要是沿主街內(nèi)巷居住地塊的更新;第三個(gè)階段為建國后至改革開放前(1950-1977),主要是街區(qū)主街外緣內(nèi)側(cè)地塊的更新:第四個(gè)階段為改革開放后(1978至今),主要是街區(qū)主街外緣外側(cè)地塊的更新。通過對(duì)各更新階段街區(qū)的整體格局及對(duì)其空間景觀單元包括街道系統(tǒng)、地塊肌理、建筑形態(tài)單元及產(chǎn)權(quán)組織等要素的形態(tài)特征進(jìn)行具體的剖析,分析歸納其空間更新的整體形態(tài)特征及其影響要素和作用機(jī)理,進(jìn)而揭示街區(qū)更新的總體特征。整體來看,屯溪老街街區(qū)的更新形成了從內(nèi)到外的空間過程,即沿主街到外緣的圈層式更新,不同更新階段的更新區(qū)域逐漸相互交織覆蓋,進(jìn)而形成了拼貼狀的格局。影響街區(qū)更新的主要因素包括:經(jīng)濟(jì)的興衰、人口的增減、政府政策的實(shí)施、戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)、交通方式和建筑技術(shù)的變革等,這些因素既直接影響街區(qū)的形態(tài)特征,相互之間又產(chǎn)生作用推動(dòng)街區(qū)的更新。本文對(duì)屯溪老街街區(qū)空間更新的形態(tài)特征的研究,為屯溪老街街區(qū)歷史價(jià)值的再評(píng)估與歷史街區(qū)的保護(hù)提供了研究依據(jù),同時(shí)是應(yīng)用康澤恩學(xué)派形態(tài)學(xué)方法研究我國小尺度街區(qū)空間更新的實(shí)證研究。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the studies on urban morphology in China are based on the city as the scale of the development and evolution of a city, but the study of the shape evolution of the small and medium scale of the city is relatively few. At the same time, the western urban morphology, especially the Kangzian school based on historical geography, based on the study of the spatial morphology of small scale towns, forms a research method of urban morphology with the method of town analysis as the core. The research and evaluation of historical blocks based on morphological analysis is beneficial to its reasonable and scientific protection. This paper takes Tunxi Old Street Block as the research object, which is located in the center of Tunxi District, Huangshan City, formerly known as Tunxi Street, is the commercial center of Huizhou and even the Southern Anhui area since ancient times, and is called the mobile "Qingming Shanghe Tu", which is the most complete preservation in China. The traditional market with the most architectural style in Ming and Qing dynasties is a typical example of block scale study. At the same time, it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the application of urban morphology theory in small scale blocks in China. The renewal of the near modernization of Tunxi Laojie district began after the fire in the Republic of China. Based on the morphological theory and method, this paper combines the stage characteristics of the renewal of the block space. The space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block is divided into four stages: the first stage is after the fire of the Republic of China and before the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan (1929-1937), mainly the renewal of commercial land along the main Street of Tunxi Laojie; The second stage was from the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan to the founding of the people's Republic of China (1938-1949), mainly the renewal of residential plots along the main street. The third stage is from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the reform and opening up period (1950-1977), which is mainly the renewal of the inner block of the outer edge of the main street, and the fourth stage is the renewal of the outer block of the outer edge of the main street after the reform and opening up (1978 to now). Through the analysis of the overall pattern of the blocks in each renewal stage and the morphological characteristics of the space landscape units including the street system, the texture of the plot, the building form unit and the property right organization, etc., This paper analyzes and sums up the overall morphological characteristics of its spatial renewal, its influencing factors and action mechanism, and then reveals the overall characteristics of the renewal of blocks. On the whole, the renewal of Tunxi old street block formed the space process from inside to outside, that is, the circle renewal along the main street to the outer edge, the renewal areas of different renewal stages gradually intertwined and covered each other, and then formed the pattern of collage. The main factors that affect the renewal of the block include: the rise and fall of economy, the increase and decrease of population, the implementation of government policy, the outbreak of war, the change of traffic mode and construction technology, and so on. Each other has a role in promoting the renewal of the block. This paper studies the morphological characteristics of the space renewal of Tunxi Old Street Block, which provides the research basis for the re-evaluation of the historic value and the protection of the historic district. At the same time, it is an empirical study on the spatial renewal of small-scale blocks in China by using the morphological method of Kangzian School.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU984.114

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本文編號(hào)：2371628